Central Retinal Vein Prethrombosis As An Initial Manifestation Of Protein S Deficiency.

Retinal vein thrombosis is most common in old people, and is often associated with systemic vascular disease. One of its rare systemic causes is protein S deficiency. A case of a 21-year-old woman with retinal vein prethrombosis associated only with protein S deficiency is described. She presented with acutely reduced visual acuity and a central scotoma in her left eye. Warfarin therapy was initiated, and complete improvement in ophthalmoscopic findings was subsequently observed. This case illustrates that protein S deficiency is a factor that should be considered in cases of retinal vein occlusion, particularly in young patients.122134-

[predictive Value Of Preoperative Fasting Glucose Test Of Diabetic Patients Regarding Surgical Outcome In Cataract Surgery].

To determinate the predictive value of preoperative glucose test of diabetic patients, with age above 40 years, for visual acuity outcome and clinical perioperative complications, in cataract surgery with local anesthesia, in an academical medical center. Type 2 diabetic patients, above 40 years of age, indicated for cataract surgery between February 10, 2000 and January 10, 2001, at the State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. All patients had a preoperative medical assessment by a physician one week before surgery, and were submitted to serum fasting glucose test and 12-lead electrocardiogram. There was no delay in the surgeries of patients with abnormal serum glucose test results, so, the result of the test alone was not a reason to cancel the surgery. According to the glucose test, the patients were assigned to one of two groups: Normal Glucose Test Group (60-115 mg/dL) or Abnormal Glucose Test Group (>115 mg/dL). Postoperative best-corrected visual acuity and clinical perioperative complications were recorded on a standardized form. The sample consisted of 193 patients. 67 (34.7%) had a serum glucose test within normal limits (normal glucose test group) and 126 (65.3%) outside normal limits (abnormal glucose test group). The mean result of the normal glucose test group was 98.5+/-17.3 mg/dL and 166.5+/-48.9 mg/dL for the abnormal glucose test group (p<0.001). We observed perioperative complications in 21 (10.7%) patients, all arterial hypertension cases; 7 (10.5%) of these in patients with normal glucose test result and 14 (11.1%) in patients with abnormal result (p<0.888). The postoperative best-corrected visual acuity was similar in both groups. There was no influence of the preoperative serum glucose level on perioperative clinical complications or visual acuity outcome.68213-

Predictive value of preoperative tests in facectomy

OBJECTIVE: To establish the prevalence of abnormal results in routine preoperative tests prior to facectomies and whether they influence the occurrence of perioperative clinical complications. METHODS: This prospective study was developed in an academic medical center in Brazil. Besides a clinical evaluation, all patients were requested to undergo an electrocardiogram, complete blood work and fasting blood glucose test. Patients younger than 40 years of age who had had previous eye surgery, candidates for general anesthesia or who had suffered acute myocardial infarction up to three months before surgery were excluded from the study. Intraoperative medical events were recorded in a protocol form. Analysis was carried out using Fisher's test and ANOVA (analysis of variance). RESULTS: The sample was composed of 746 patients, 405 (54.3%) were men. The average age was 66.6&plusmn;11.6 years. Intraoperative complications occurred in 71 (9.5%) patients. There were abnormal results in 13.5% (101 patients) of hemoglobin dosages and in 16.6% (124) of fasting blood glucose. As for electrocardiograms, abnormalities were found in 46.6% (348) of the subjects. There was a higher prevalence of electrocardiograms with abnormal values in patients who had perioperative clinical complications (p=0.02). There were no statistically significant differences between hemoglobin dosages (14.0&plusmn;1.6 g/dL in patients without intraoperative complications and 14.3&plusmn;1.3 g/dL in patients with complications - p=0.150) and fasting blood glucose (104&plusmn;29 mg/dL in patients without complications and 105&plusmn;41 mg/dL in patients with complications - p=0.850). CONCLUSIONS: Within the investigated routine of preoperative testing for facectomy, only the abnormal electrocardiogram results influenced the occurrence of complications in the perioperative period.OBJETIVO: Determinar a prevalência de resultados anormais numa rotina de exames pré-operatórios para facectomias e sua influência na ocorrência de complicações clínicas perioperatórias. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo desenvolvido em um centro médico acadêmico no Brasil, com uma amostra de 746 pacientes, selecionados entre indicados para cirurgia de catarata. Para todos os pacientes foram solicitados eletrocardiograma, hemograma completo e glicemia de jejum, além de uma avaliação clínica. Foram excluídos do estudo pacientes com menos de 40 anos de idade, pacientes submetidos previamente à cirurgia ocular, pacientes com indicação de anestesia geral, ou pacientes que sofreram infarto agudo do miocárdio até três meses antes da cirurgia. Eventos médicos intra-operatórios foram registrados numa ficha de protocolo. Para análise, utilizou-se do teste de Fisher e análise de variância (ANOVA). RESULTADOS: Na amostra de 746 pacientes, 405 (54,3%) eram homens. A idade média foi de 66,6&plusmn;11,6 anos. Ocorreram complicações intra-operatórias em 71 (9,5%) pacientes. Houve resultados anormais em 13,5% (101 pacientes) das dosagens de hemoglobina e em 16,6% (124) das dosagens de glicemia de jejum. Em relação aos eletrocardiogramas, foram constatadas anormalidades em 46,6% (348) dos indivíduos. Houve maior prevalência de eletrocardiogramas com anormalidades em pacientes com complicações clínicas perioperatórias (p=0,02). Não existiu diferença estatisticamente significativa nas dosagens de hemoglobina (14,0&plusmn;1,6 g/dL em pacientes sem complicações intra-operatórias e 14,3&plusmn;1,3 g/dL em pacientes com complicações - p=0,150) e nas de glicemia de jejum (104&plusmn;29 mg/dL em pacientes sem complicações e 105&plusmn;41 mg/dL em pacientes com complicações - p=0,850). CONCLUSÕES: Dentro da rotina investigada de exames pré-operatórios para facectomia, apenas os resultados anormais presentes no eletrocardiograma estiveram associados à ocorrência de complicações durante o período de perioperatório

[predictive Value Of Preoperative Tests In Facectomy].

To establish the prevalence of abnormal results in routine preoperative tests prior to facectomies and whether they influence the occurrence of perioperative clinical complications. This prospective study was developed in an academic medical center in Brazil. Besides a clinical evaluation, all patients were requested to undergo an electrocardiogram, complete blood work and fasting blood glucose test. Patients younger than 40 years of age who had had previous eye surgery, candidates for general anesthesia or who had suffered acute myocardial infarction up to three months before surgery were excluded from the study. Intraoperative medical events were recorded in a protocol form. Analysis was carried out using Fisher's test and ANOVA (analysis of variance). The sample was composed of 746 patients, 405 (54.3%) were men. The average age was 66.6+/-11.6 years. Intraoperative complications occurred in 71 (9.5%) patients. There were abnormal results in 13.5% (101 patients) of hemoglobin dosages and in 16.6% (124) of fasting blood glucose. As for electrocardiograms, abnormalities were found in 46.6% (348) of the subjects. There was a higher prevalence of electrocardiograms with abnormal values in patients who had perioperative clinical complications (p=0.02). There were no statistically significant differences between hemoglobin dosages (14.0+/-1.6 g/dL in patients without intraoperative complications and 14.3+/-1.3 g/dL in patients with complications - p=0.150) and fasting blood glucose (104+/-29 mg/dL in patients without complications and 105+/-41 mg/dL in patients with complications - p=0.850). Within the investigated routine of preoperative testing for facectomy, only the abnormal electrocardiogram results influenced the occurrence of complications in the perioperative period.37197-20

Success Attitudes Of Young Ophthalmologists In The First Decade Of Their Career.

To describe the main success attitudes of young ophthalmologists in the first decade of their career. This descriptive study comprised subjects selected from a sample of ophthalmologists who were participating in a congress, using a semi-structured questionnaire. The inclusion criteria were as follows: ophthalmologists under the age of 40 years, within 5-10 years from ophthalmology residency conclusion. The subjects were asked about the three main success attitudes in their personal experience during the first years of ophthalmology practice. After the initial results, the 10 most frequently mentioned attitudes were listed and volunteers were again interviewed to choose, within the latter list, the three main attitudes. Forty-eight ophthalmologists were interviewed, 24 (50%) were male; the mean age was 37 years (SD: 2 years, range: 33-40 years) and the mean time from ophthalmology residency conclusion was 8 years (SD: 1 year, range: 5-10 years). The frequency of such mentioned success attitudes were as follows: to invest in professional updating (22.9%), to have a good relationship with patients and professional partners (18.8%), to prioritize individual and family happiness (12.5%), initially to work in an established group (11.1%), to work in public service (9.7%), to have their own business with a homogeneous group (7.6%), to save money (7.6%), to be ready to resume work (4.2%), to get business administration skills (4.2%), and to have professional insurance (0.7%). The three main success attitudes consisted in investing in professional updating (22.9%), maintaining a good relationship with patients and professional partners (18.8%), and prioritizing individual and family happiness (12.5%). Although these results should not be generalized, they are helpful not only for those ophthalmologists at the beginning of a career but also those who want to reflect on what to prioritize in their professional practice.75256-

Pré-trombose da veia central da retina como manifestação inicial da deficiência de proteína S

CONTEXT: Retinal vein thrombosis is most common in old people, and is often associated with systemic vascular disease. One of its rare systemic causes is protein S deficiency. CASE REPORT: A case of a 21-year-old woman with retinal vein prethrombosis associated only with protein S deficiency is described. She presented with acutely reduced visual acuity and a central scotoma in her left eye. Warfarin therapy was initiated, and complete improvement in ophthalmoscopic findings was subsequently observed. This case illustrates that protein S deficiency is a factor that should be considered in cases of retinal vein occlusion, particularly in young patients.CONTEXTO: Trombose venosa retiniana é mais comum em pessoas idosas e freqüentemente está associada com doença vascular sistêmica. Uma causa sistêmica rara é a deficiência de proteína S. RELATO DE CASO: Um caso de paciente branca, de 21 anos, com pré-trombose de veia central da retina associada à deficiência isolada de proteína S é descrito. Ela apresentou súbito embaçamento visual e escotoma central em olho esquerdo. Terapia cumarínica foi iniciada e completa remissão dos achados oftalmoscópicos foi observada. Este caso mostra que deficiência de proteína S deve ser um fator que deve ser considerado em casos de oclusão venosa retiniana, particularmente em pacientes jovens.13413

Efficacy in cornea utilization for penetrating keratoplasty

PURPOSES: 1) To verify the impact of the creation of the Single Technical Record (STR) at the University of Campinas (Unicamp) Hospital das Clínicas, on the preservation period of corneas which were used in elective penetrating keratoplasties, and 2) to compare the primary failure incidence in cornea penetrating keratoplasties regarding the periods before and after the creation of STR. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted at the Unicamp Hospital, which evaluated 15 consecutive cornea penetrating keratoplasties between January 1st and April 30th, 2000 and 24 consecutive penetrating keratoplasties between May 1st and September 20th of the same year (corneas under the control of the STR), totaling 39 keratoplasties. RESULTS: The mean time between cornea preparation and transplantation was 3.8 days (±1.78) in the period before STR creation, and 6.0 days (±2.97) after STR creation, representing a 36.7% increase in the preservation time. There was a statistically significant difference (p=0.02) between the two groups. No corneal primary failure was observed among the 39 transplanted patients in both groups. CONCLUSION: Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that this new concept of the State Transplantation System has caused a statistically significant increase in the conservation period of corneas, which may reduce the period of a clear transplant due to an increased loss of endothelial cells, as well as increase the primary failure incidence or result in a high number of corneas that cannot be used due to having exceeded the preservation time recommended by the literature.OBJETIVOS: 1) Verificar qual o impacto da criação do Cadastro Técnico Único (CTU) para o Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade de Campinas (Unicamp) no tempo de preservação de córneas utilizadas em transplantes penetrantes eletivos, e 2) comparar a incidência de falência primária em transplantes penetrantes de córnea nos períodos pré e pós-criação do CTU. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado estudo retrospectivo no Hospital de Clínicas da Unicamp, avaliando-se 15 transplantes penetrantes de córnea consecutivos entre 1 de janeiro e 30 de abril de 2000 e 24 transplantes consecutivos entre 1 de maio e 20 de setembro de 2000 (córneas sob o controle do Cadastro Técnico Único), num total de 39 transplantes. RESULTADOS: O tempo médio entre a preparação das córneas e o transplante foi de 3,8 dias (±1,78) no período pré-CTU, e de 6,0 dias (±2,97) no período pós-CTU, representando aumento no tempo de preservação de 36,7%. Houve diferença estatisticamente significativa (p=0,02) entre os dois grupos. Nenhum caso de falência primária do enxerto foi observado entre os 39 pacientes transplantados nos dois grupos. CONCLUSÃO: Com base nestes resultados, conclui-se que a nova disposição do Sistema Estadual de Transplantes aumentou de forma estatisticamente significativa o período de permanência das córneas no meio de preservação, o que pode comprometer o tempo de vida útil do transplante, aumentar a incidência de falência primária ou levar a maior número de córneas perdidas por excederem o tempo de preservação limite, preconizado na literatura.31131

Atitudes de sucesso de jovens oftalmologistas na primeira década da carreira

PURPOSE: To describe the main success attitudes of young ophthalmologists in the first decade of their career. METHODS: This descriptive study comprised subjects selected from a sample of ophthalmologists who were participating in a congress, using a semi-structured questionnaire. The inclusion criteria were as follows: ophthalmologists under the age of 40 years, within 5-10 years from ophthalmology residency conclusion. The subjects were asked about the three main success attitudes in their personal experience during the first years of ophthalmology practice. After the initial results, the 10 most frequently mentioned attitudes were listed and volunteers were again interviewed to choose, within the latter list, the three main attitudes. RESULTS: Forty-eight ophthalmologists were interviewed, 24 (50%) were male; the mean age was 37 years (SD: 2 years, range: 33-40 years) and the mean time from ophthalmology residency conclusion was 8 years (SD: 1 year, range: 5-10 years). The frequency of such mentioned success attitudes were as follows: to invest in professional updating (22.9%), to have a good relationship with patients and professional partners (18.8%), to prioritize individual and family happiness (12.5%), initially to work in an established group (11.1%), to work in public service (9.7%), to have their own business with a homogeneous group (7.6%), to save money (7.6%), to be ready to resume work (4.2%), to get business administration skills (4.2%), and to have professional insurance (0.7%). CONCLUSIONS: The three main success attitudes consisted in investing in professional updating (22.9%), maintaining a good relationship with patients and professional partners (18.8%), and prioritizing individual and family happiness (12.5%). Although these results should not be generalized, they are helpful not only for those ophthalmologists at the beginning of a career but also those who want to reflect on what to prioritize in their professional practice.OBJETIVOS: Descrever as principais atitudes de sucesso de jovens oftalmologistas na primeira década de exercício da profissão. MÉTODOS: Tratou-se de um estudo descritivo. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram selecionados a partir de amostra de participantes de congresso de oftalmologia, utilizando-se questionário semi-estruturado. Os critérios de inclusão foram: médico oftalmologista com menos de 40 anos e que tivesse entre 5 e 10 anos de conclusão da residência médica. Questionou-se sobre quais foram as três principais atitudes de sucesso na experiência pessoal durante esses primeiros anos do exercício da medicina. Após os resultados iniciais, foram relacionadas as dez atitudes mais citadas e os voluntários foram mais uma vez entrevistados para que escolhessem, dentro desta última listagem, as três principais atitudes. RESULTADOS: Foram entrevistados 48 oftalmologistas, destes 24 (50%) eram do gênero masculino, a média da idade foi 37 anos (DP 2 anos, intervalo de 33 a 40 anos) e a média do tempo de conclusão do curso de 8 anos (DP 1 ano, intervalo de 5 a 10 anos). A frequência de citação das atitudes de sucesso foi: investir continuadamente na formação profissional (22,9%), manter bom relacionamento com pacientes e colegas de profissão (18,8%), priorizar a felicidade individual e familiar (12,5%), inicialmente prestar serviço para grupo estabelecido (11,1%), ingressar no serviço público (9,7%), montar consultório próprio junto a grupo homogêneo (7,6%), hábito de poupança (7,6%), estar pronto para o recomeço profissional (4,2%), investir na formação complementar em administração (4,2%), e contratação de seguro profissional (0,7%). CONCLUSÕES: As três principais atitudes foram: investir continuadamente na formação profissional, manter bom relacionamento com pacientes e colegas de profissão, e priorizar a felicidade individual e familiar. Embora estes resultados não devam ser universalmente generalizados, eles ajudam não apenas aos ingressantes na profissão, mas todo oftalmologista que deseja refletir sobre o que priorizar em seu exercício profissional.25625