79 research outputs found

    Insulin amyloidosis: A case report

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    Insulin amyloidosis is a rare form of localized amyloidosis due to insulin aggregation into subcutaneous amyloid fibrils. We describe the case of a 55 years old male with insulin-requiring type 1 diabetes presenting with two non-inflammatory intra-dermal nodules associated with local lymph node enlargement. Diagnosis was confirmed by Congo red coloration of the amyloid deposit and insulin protein identification on mass spectrometry. Insulin amyloidosis is a potential complication of repeated subcutaneous insulin injections. The main risk factor is the intrinsic characteristic of the insulin used. Insulin amyloidosis leads to systemic metabolic consequences such as chronic hyperglycemia or unpredictable hypoglycemia, as well as unesthetic cutaneous lumps or abscesses. Standard-of-care is yet to be defined but mainly rely on therapeutical education of insulin injections, while surgical excision is reported to improve glycemic control in some patients

    Randomized phase 2 trial of intravenous oncolytic virus JX-594 combined with low-dose cyclophosphamide in patients with advanced soft-tissue sarcoma

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    JX-594 is an oncolytic vaccinia virus genetically modified to replicate selectively in tumor cells. Metronomic chemotherapy has shown preclinical synergy with oncolytic viruses. We report here the results of the METROMAJX which is a randomized phase II clinical trial investigating the combination of JX-594 combined with metronomic cyclophosphamide (arm 1) or metronomic cyclophosphamide (arm 2) in patients with advanced STS. A two-stage Simon design was used. JX-594 was administered intra-venously at the dose 1.109 every 2 weeks for the first 3 injections and then every 3 weeks. Cyclophosphamide was given orally at the dose of 50 mg BID 1 week on 1 week off. The primary endpoint was the 6-month non progression rate. 20 patients were included (arm 1:15, arm 2:5). The two most frequent toxicities were grade 1 fatigue and fever and grade 2 fatigue and grade 2 lymphopenia in arms 1 and 2, respectively. In arm 1, 12 patients were assessable for the efficacy analysis. None of them were progression-free at 6 months indicating that the first stage of the Simon's design was not satisfied. One patient out 4 assessable for efficacy was progression-free at 6 months in arm 2. High throughput analysis of sequential plasma samples revealed an upregulation of protein biomarkers reflecting immune induction such as CXCL10 and soluble CD8 antigen in arm 1. Systemic treatment with JX-594 is safe in patients with advanced STS. Further investigations are needed to improve immune response to oncolytic viruses and define their therapeutic potential in patients with STS

    JCO Clin Cancer Inform

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    PURPOSE: Many institutions throughout the world have launched precision medicine initiatives in oncology, and a large amount of clinical and genomic data is being produced. Although there have been attempts at data sharing with the community, initiatives are still limited. In this context, a French task force composed of Integrated Cancer Research Sites (SIRICs), comprehensive cancer centers from the Unicancer network (one of Europe's largest cancer research organization), and university hospitals launched an initiative to improve and accelerate retrospective and prospective clinical and genomic data sharing in oncology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For 5 years, the OSIRIS group has worked on structuring data and identifying technical solutions for collecting and sharing them. The group used a multidisciplinary approach that included weekly scientific and technical meetings over several months to foster a national consensus on a minimal data set. RESULTS: The resulting OSIRIS set and event-based data model, which is able to capture the disease course, was built with 67 clinical and 65 omics items. The group made it compatible with the HL7 Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) format to maximize interoperability. The OSIRIS set was reviewed, approved by a National Plan Strategic Committee, and freely released to the community. A proof-of-concept study was carried out to put the OSIRIS set and Common Data Model into practice using a cohort of 300 patients. CONCLUSION: Using a national and bottom-up approach, the OSIRIS group has defined a model including a minimal set of clinical and genomic data that can be used to accelerate data sharing produced in oncology. The model relies on clear and formally defined terminologies and, as such, may also benefit the larger international community

    Genomic Characterization and Target Functional Validation In Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcomas : an Integrated Approach

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    Les Sarcomes indiffĂ©renciĂ©s plĂ©omorphes (UPS pour Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma) forment un groupehĂ©tĂ©rogĂšne « par dĂ©faut ». Nous avons Ă©mis l’hypothĂšse qu’il existe un lien entre le niveau de dĂ©diffĂ©renciation des UPS et l’infiltrat immun intra-tumoral, et que cette relation repose sur des altĂ©rations gĂ©nomiques ainsi que sur l’activation de voies de signalisation spĂ©cifiques associĂ©es Ă  un impact thĂ©rapeutique potentiel. Les objectifs de ce travail Ă©taient de gĂ©nĂ©rer une classification des UPS intĂ©grant une approche gĂ©nomique, immunophĂ©notypique, protĂ©omique et radiomique, et d’identifier et tester de potentielles cibles thĂ©rapeutiques sur des lignĂ©es cellulaires et des xĂ©nogreffes dĂ©rivĂ©es de tumeurs de patients (PDX) caractĂ©risĂ©es gĂ©nomiquement. Nous avons rĂ©uni 135 tumeurs de patients de type UPS dans notre institution, parmi lesquels 25 ont Ă©tĂ© sĂ©lectionnĂ©es pour sĂ©quençage de l’ARN et de l’exome entier. L’analyse hiĂ©rarchisĂ©e non supervisĂ©e des donnĂ©es de sĂ©quençage ARN identifia trois groupes : A, B et C. Le groupe A Ă©tait principalement enrichi en gĂšnes jouant un rĂŽle dans le dĂ©veloppement et le phĂ©notype « cellule souche », notamment LHX8, LRRN1, LGR5, BMP5 et FGFR2. Le group B Ă©tait fortement enrichi en gĂšnes impliquĂ©s dans l’immunitĂ©, incluant MARCO, TIMD4, TIGIT, CD27, IFNG, CD8B, PDCD1, CD3D et IDO1, ainsi que DKK1. Le groupe C Ă©tait trop petit pour ĂȘtre caractĂ©risable de façon fiable. Nous avons pu confirmer cette classification sur une cohorte indĂ©pendante de 41 UPS du consortium TCGA. Nous avons trouvĂ© une forte corrĂ©lation entre l’expression gĂ©nique et la densitĂ© protĂ©ique en IHC sur les Ă©chantillons tumoraux correspondants pour CD8, PD-1 et IDO1, amenant Ă  appeler le groupe B « immune-high » et le groupe A « immune-low ». Dans une cohorte indĂ©pendante de validation de 110 UPS, la densitĂ© de CD8 Ă©tait significativement associĂ©e Ă  une meilleure survie sans mĂ©tastase (p = 0.04). Nous avons retrouvĂ© une frĂ©quence significativement plus importante de variation du nombre de copies de gĂšnes dans le groupe « immune-low », principalement des dĂ©lĂ©tions, touchant notamment PTEN, RB1, FANCA, FAS, CDKN2A, TP53, AXIN1, NF2 et BRCA2. Les analyses protĂ©omiques permirent de dĂ©tecter deux principaux groupes - PA and PB – fortement corrĂ©lĂ©s avec les deux principaux groupes identifiĂ©s en transcriptomique – A « immune low » et B « immune-high ». Le groupe PB Ă©tait significativement enrichi en protĂ©ines appartenant aux voies de la rĂ©ponse immunitaire, et le groupe PA en protĂ©ines appartenant aux cibles de MYC et Ă  la transition Ă©pithĂ©lio-mĂ©senchymateuse. Nous avons ensuite dĂ©veloppĂ© des lignĂ©es cellulaires et des PDX issues de tumeurs provenant de l’étude de profilage molĂ©culaire et obtenu des modĂšles reprĂ©sentant chaque groupe A, B et C. L’inhibiteur de FGFR JNJ-42756493 avait une activitĂ© anti-tumorale in vitro et in vivo dans les lignĂ©es et les modĂšles de PDX du groupe A, de façon sĂ©lective. Nous avons Ă©galement montrĂ© in vitro une sensibilitĂ© sĂ©lective des lignĂ©es cellulaires du groupe A aux trois inhibiteurs de protĂ©ines Ă  bromodomaines BET CBP/P300 : CPI637, NEO1132 and NEO2734. Enfin, nous avons identifiĂ© un set de neuf variables de texture issues de sĂ©quences d’IRM conventionnelles hautement corrĂ©lĂ©es Ă  notre classification transcriptomique des UPS, permettant de poser la base d’une signature radiomique pour sĂ©lectionner les UPS « immune-high » sur leur imagerie prĂ©-thĂ©rapeutique.Cette Ă©tude est la premiĂšre Ă  rĂ©aliser un portrait intĂ©grĂ© d’UPS primaires non prĂ©-traitĂ©s. Nous avons pu identifier deux groupes principaux, avec des implications thĂ©rapeutiques potentielles : le groupe « immunehigh », fortement inflammĂ© et probablement le meilleur candidat Ă  l’immunothĂ©rapie, et le groupe « immunelow », avec un rationnel pour l’utilisation d’inhibiteurs de FGFR et de BET dans ce dernier.Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma (UPS) are an heterogeneous group of poorly differentiated tumors made up ‘by default’. We hypothesized that there is a link between dedifferentiation state of UPS and immune infiltrate and that this relation relies on specific pathways activation and related genomics alterations with potential therapeutic impact. Objectives of this work were to generate a comprehensive Omics landscape of UPS, integrating genomic, immuno-phenotypic, proteomic and radiomic approach, and to identify and test potential targets for therapeutic approach on cell lines and patients tumor mouse xenografts (PDX). We analyzed a cohort of 135 UPS samples from patients in our institution, of whom 25 were selected for full exome and RNA-sequencing. Unsupervised consensus and hierarchical clustering of RNA-sequencing identified 3 groups, A, B and C. Group A was mainly enriched in genes that play a crucial role in both normal development and stemcellness, notably LHX8, LRRN1, LGR5, BMP5 and FGFR2. Group B was strongly enriched in genes involved in immunity, including MARCO, TIMD4, TIGIT, CD27, IFNG, CD8B, PDCD1, CD3D and IDO1, but also DKK1. Group C was too small to be analyzed with sufficient robustness. This classification was confirmed on an independent cohort of 41 UPS from TCGA consortium. We found a high correlation between gene expression and protein density by IHC on related tumor sample slides for CD8, PD-1 and IDO1, leading to call group B ‘immune-high’ and group A ‘immune-low’. In an independent validation cohort of 110 UPS patients, CD8 expression was significantly associated with metastase-free survival (p = 0.04). Copy numbers variations were significantly more frequent in the immune-low group. Main recurrent events were deletions, notably in PTEN, RB1, FANCA, FAS, CDKN2A, TP53, AXIN1, NF2 and BRCA2. Proteomic analysis allowed us to detect two main proteomic groups - PA and PB – that highly correlated with the two main transcriptomic groups - A and B. Group PB was significantly enriched in immune response pathways, whereas group PA was enriched in MYC targets and epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathways. We then further developed cell lines and PDX models from patient tumor samples included in the molecular profiling study for each class, A, B, C. We showed robust in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor activity of FGFR inhibitor JNJ-42756493 in cell lines and PDX models from group A, selectively. We also showed in vitro activity of three potent dual inhibitors of BET-proteins CBP/P300, CPI637, NEO1132 and NEO2734, in cell lines from group A, selectively. Finally, we showed that a set of 9 radiomic features from basic MRI conventional sequences correlated well with our UPS molecular classification and provided the basis for a radiomics signature that could select immune-high UPS on their pretherapeutic imaging. This study is the first to give a comprehensive genomic, immuno-phenotypic, proteomic and radiomic landscape of non-pretreated primary UPS. We identified two main groups of UPS with therapeutics potential: the immunehigh group, strongly inflamed and probably the best candidate for immunotherapy, and the immune-low group, with a rational for FGFR and BET inhibitors activity in this one

    Analyse Intégrée génomique, protéomique et radiomique des Sarcomes Pléomorphes Indifférenciés : Identification et Validation de nouvelles cibles thérapeutiques

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    Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma (UPS) are an heterogeneous group of poorly differentiated tumors made up ‘by default’. We hypothesized that there is a link between dedifferentiation state of UPS and immune infiltrate and that this relation relies on specific pathways activation and related genomics alterations with potential therapeutic impact. Objectives of this work were to generate a comprehensive Omics landscape of UPS, integrating genomic, immuno-phenotypic, proteomic and radiomic approach, and to identify and test potential targets for therapeutic approach on cell lines and patients tumor mouse xenografts (PDX). We analyzed a cohort of 135 UPS samples from patients in our institution, of whom 25 were selected for full exome and RNA-sequencing. Unsupervised consensus and hierarchical clustering of RNA-sequencing identified 3 groups, A, B and C. Group A was mainly enriched in genes that play a crucial role in both normal development and stemcellness, notably LHX8, LRRN1, LGR5, BMP5 and FGFR2. Group B was strongly enriched in genes involved in immunity, including MARCO, TIMD4, TIGIT, CD27, IFNG, CD8B, PDCD1, CD3D and IDO1, but also DKK1. Group C was too small to be analyzed with sufficient robustness. This classification was confirmed on an independent cohort of 41 UPS from TCGA consortium. We found a high correlation between gene expression and protein density by IHC on related tumor sample slides for CD8, PD-1 and IDO1, leading to call group B ‘immune-high’ and group A ‘immune-low’. In an independent validation cohort of 110 UPS patients, CD8 expression was significantly associated with metastase-free survival (p = 0.04). Copy numbers variations were significantly more frequent in the immune-low group. Main recurrent events were deletions, notably in PTEN, RB1, FANCA, FAS, CDKN2A, TP53, AXIN1, NF2 and BRCA2. Proteomic analysis allowed us to detect two main proteomic groups - PA and PB – that highly correlated with the two main transcriptomic groups - A and B. Group PB was significantly enriched in immune response pathways, whereas group PA was enriched in MYC targets and epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathways. We then further developed cell lines and PDX models from patient tumor samples included in the molecular profiling study for each class, A, B, C. We showed robust in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor activity of FGFR inhibitor JNJ-42756493 in cell lines and PDX models from group A, selectively. We also showed in vitro activity of three potent dual inhibitors of BET-proteins CBP/P300, CPI637, NEO1132 and NEO2734, in cell lines from group A, selectively. Finally, we showed that a set of 9 radiomic features from basic MRI conventional sequences correlated well with our UPS molecular classification and provided the basis for a radiomics signature that could select immune-high UPS on their pretherapeutic imaging. This study is the first to give a comprehensive genomic, immuno-phenotypic, proteomic and radiomic landscape of non-pretreated primary UPS. We identified two main groups of UPS with therapeutics potential: the immunehigh group, strongly inflamed and probably the best candidate for immunotherapy, and the immune-low group, with a rational for FGFR and BET inhibitors activity in this one.Les Sarcomes indiffĂ©renciĂ©s plĂ©omorphes (UPS pour Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma) forment un groupehĂ©tĂ©rogĂšne « par dĂ©faut ». Nous avons Ă©mis l’hypothĂšse qu’il existe un lien entre le niveau de dĂ©diffĂ©renciation des UPS et l’infiltrat immun intra-tumoral, et que cette relation repose sur des altĂ©rations gĂ©nomiques ainsi que sur l’activation de voies de signalisation spĂ©cifiques associĂ©es Ă  un impact thĂ©rapeutique potentiel. Les objectifs de ce travail Ă©taient de gĂ©nĂ©rer une classification des UPS intĂ©grant une approche gĂ©nomique, immunophĂ©notypique, protĂ©omique et radiomique, et d’identifier et tester de potentielles cibles thĂ©rapeutiques sur des lignĂ©es cellulaires et des xĂ©nogreffes dĂ©rivĂ©es de tumeurs de patients (PDX) caractĂ©risĂ©es gĂ©nomiquement. Nous avons rĂ©uni 135 tumeurs de patients de type UPS dans notre institution, parmi lesquels 25 ont Ă©tĂ© sĂ©lectionnĂ©es pour sĂ©quençage de l’ARN et de l’exome entier. L’analyse hiĂ©rarchisĂ©e non supervisĂ©e des donnĂ©es de sĂ©quençage ARN identifia trois groupes : A, B et C. Le groupe A Ă©tait principalement enrichi en gĂšnes jouant un rĂŽle dans le dĂ©veloppement et le phĂ©notype « cellule souche », notamment LHX8, LRRN1, LGR5, BMP5 et FGFR2. Le group B Ă©tait fortement enrichi en gĂšnes impliquĂ©s dans l’immunitĂ©, incluant MARCO, TIMD4, TIGIT, CD27, IFNG, CD8B, PDCD1, CD3D et IDO1, ainsi que DKK1. Le groupe C Ă©tait trop petit pour ĂȘtre caractĂ©risable de façon fiable. Nous avons pu confirmer cette classification sur une cohorte indĂ©pendante de 41 UPS du consortium TCGA. Nous avons trouvĂ© une forte corrĂ©lation entre l’expression gĂ©nique et la densitĂ© protĂ©ique en IHC sur les Ă©chantillons tumoraux correspondants pour CD8, PD-1 et IDO1, amenant Ă  appeler le groupe B « immune-high » et le groupe A « immune-low ». Dans une cohorte indĂ©pendante de validation de 110 UPS, la densitĂ© de CD8 Ă©tait significativement associĂ©e Ă  une meilleure survie sans mĂ©tastase (p = 0.04). Nous avons retrouvĂ© une frĂ©quence significativement plus importante de variation du nombre de copies de gĂšnes dans le groupe « immune-low », principalement des dĂ©lĂ©tions, touchant notamment PTEN, RB1, FANCA, FAS, CDKN2A, TP53, AXIN1, NF2 et BRCA2. Les analyses protĂ©omiques permirent de dĂ©tecter deux principaux groupes - PA and PB – fortement corrĂ©lĂ©s avec les deux principaux groupes identifiĂ©s en transcriptomique – A « immune low » et B « immune-high ». Le groupe PB Ă©tait significativement enrichi en protĂ©ines appartenant aux voies de la rĂ©ponse immunitaire, et le groupe PA en protĂ©ines appartenant aux cibles de MYC et Ă  la transition Ă©pithĂ©lio-mĂ©senchymateuse. Nous avons ensuite dĂ©veloppĂ© des lignĂ©es cellulaires et des PDX issues de tumeurs provenant de l’étude de profilage molĂ©culaire et obtenu des modĂšles reprĂ©sentant chaque groupe A, B et C. L’inhibiteur de FGFR JNJ-42756493 avait une activitĂ© anti-tumorale in vitro et in vivo dans les lignĂ©es et les modĂšles de PDX du groupe A, de façon sĂ©lective. Nous avons Ă©galement montrĂ© in vitro une sensibilitĂ© sĂ©lective des lignĂ©es cellulaires du groupe A aux trois inhibiteurs de protĂ©ines Ă  bromodomaines BET CBP/P300 : CPI637, NEO1132 and NEO2734. Enfin, nous avons identifiĂ© un set de neuf variables de texture issues de sĂ©quences d’IRM conventionnelles hautement corrĂ©lĂ©es Ă  notre classification transcriptomique des UPS, permettant de poser la base d’une signature radiomique pour sĂ©lectionner les UPS « immune-high » sur leur imagerie prĂ©-thĂ©rapeutique.Cette Ă©tude est la premiĂšre Ă  rĂ©aliser un portrait intĂ©grĂ© d’UPS primaires non prĂ©-traitĂ©s. Nous avons pu identifier deux groupes principaux, avec des implications thĂ©rapeutiques potentielles : le groupe « immunehigh », fortement inflammĂ© et probablement le meilleur candidat Ă  l’immunothĂ©rapie, et le groupe « immunelow », avec un rationnel pour l’utilisation d’inhibiteurs de FGFR et de BET dans ce dernier

    Les sarcomes du rétropéritoine (prise en charge aux stades initial et avancé, analyses pronostiques et focus sur les principaux sous-types histologiques)

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    Les sarcomes du rétropéritoine sont rares, hétérogÚnes et ont un taux de rechute important. Leurs modalités de traitement aux stade initial et avancé ont été peu étudiées. Le but de cette étude multicentrique était d'analyser la prise en charge Eet le pronostic des SRP au stade initial et e situation palliative. Nous avons conduit une analyse rétrospective des pts adultes pris en charge pour un SRP primaire entre 1988 et 2008 dans les 12 centres participants. Tous les diagnostics histologiques ont été relus par un pathologiste expert. 586 pts ont été inclus. Le suivi médian était de 6.5 ans [5.9 - 7.1]. Moins de la moitié des pts ont été opérés par un chirurgien expert. 389 pts (76 %) ont eu une exérÚse macroscopiquement complÚte. 211 pts (54 %) ont présenté une rechute loco-régionale (LR). Le taux de survie sans rechute LR à 5 ans était de 46 % [41 - 52]. Le taux de survie globale (SG) à 5 ans était de 66 % [61 - 71]. Les facteurs significativement associés à la rechute LR étaient le sexe, l'extension LR, l'expertise du chirurgien, l'ouverture tumorale et la radiothérapie péri-opératoire. Les facteurs significativement associés à la SG étaient l'ùge,le sexe, le grade, l'extension LR et la rupture tumorale per-opératoire. L'extension LR était significativement associée à la SG des liposarcomes différenciés et des léiosarcomes tandis que le grade avait un impact sur la SG des liposarcomes dédifférenciés. 299 pts ont reçu de la chimiothérapie (CT) palliative. Le temps médian à progression et la SG aprÚs premiÚre ligne de CT palliative étaient respectivement de 5.9 mois [4.9 - 7.3]. Les facteurs significativement associés à la SG en situation palliative étaient le sexe, le performans status et le grade. Notre étude souligne l'importance d'une prise en charge spécialisée, l'insuffisance des traitements à disposition en situation palliative ainsi que la nécessité de prendre en compte les différentes histologies dans la stratégie de traitement des SRP.BORDEAUX2-BU Santé (330632101) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Exp Hematol Oncol

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    Breast cancer is one the most common cause of cancer death in women worldwide. We report here the first phase II study investigating a virus genetically engineered for tumor-selective replication in patients with breast cancer. Ten patients were treated with a combination of low-dose oral cyclophosphamide and intra-venous JX-594, a thymidine kinase gene-inactivated oncolytic vaccinia virus engineered for the expression of transgenes encoding human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and ÎČ-galactosidase. Best response as per RECIST criteria was stable disease for 2 patients and progressive disease for 8 patients. Median progression-free and overall survival were 1.6 months (95% CI: [1.1-1.9]) and 14.4 months (95% CI: [2.0 - NA]) respectively. High throughput analysis of sequential plasma samples revealed an upregulation of protein biomarkers reflecting immune induction such as IFN gamma. Whether the combination of JX-594 with an immune checkpoint inhibitor is associated with meaningful clinical activity is therefore worth to investigate
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