Data standardization of plant-pollinator interactions

Background: Animal pollination is an important ecosystem function and service, ensuring both the integrity of natural systems and human well-being. Although many knowledge shortfalls remain, some high-quality data sets on biological interactions are now available. The development and adoption of standards for biodiversity data and metadata has promoted great advances in biological data sharing and aggregation, supporting large-scale studies and science-based public policies. However, these standards are currently not suitable to fully support interaction data sharing. Results: Here we present a vocabulary of terms and a data model for sharing plant–pollinator interactions data based on the Darwin Core standard. The vocabulary introduces 48 new terms targeting several aspects of plant–pollinator interactions and can be used to capture information from different approaches and scales. Additionally, we provide solutions for data serialization using RDF, XML, and DwC-Archives and recommendations of existing controlled vocabularies for some of the terms. Our contribution supports open access to standardized data on plant–pollinator interactions. Conclusions: The adoption of the vocabulary would facilitate data sharing to support studies ranging from the spatial and temporal distribution of interactions to the taxonomic, phenological, functional, and phylogenetic aspects of plant–pollinator interactions. We expect to fill data and knowledge gaps, thus further enabling scientific research on the ecology and evolution of plant–pollinator communities, biodiversity conservation, ecosystem services, and the development of public policies. The proposed data model is flexible and can be adapted for sharing other types of interactions data by developing discipline-specific vocabularies of terms.Fil: Salim, José A. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Saraiva, Antonio M.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Zermoglio, Paula Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones En Recursos Naturales, Agroecologia y Desarrollo Rural. - Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro. Instituto de Investigaciones En Recursos Naturales, Agroecologia y Desarrollo Rural.; ArgentinaFil: Agostini, Kayna. Universidade Federal do São Carlos; BrasilFil: Wolowski, Marina. Universidade Federal de Alfenas; BrasilFil: Drucker, Debora P.. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria (embrapa);Fil: Soares, Filipi M.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Bergamo, Pedro J.. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Varassin, Isabela G.. Universidade Federal do Paraná; BrasilFil: Freitas, Leandro. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Maués, Márcia M.. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria (embrapa);Fil: Rech, Andre R.. Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri; BrasilFil: Veiga, Allan K.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Acosta, Andre L.. Instituto Tecnológico Vale; BrasilFil: Araujo, Andréa C. Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul; BrasilFil: Nogueira, Anselmo. Universidad Federal do Abc; BrasilFil: Blochtein, Betina. Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Freitas, Breno M.. Universidade Estadual do Ceará; BrasilFil: Albertini, Bruno C.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Maia Silva, Camila. Universidade Federal Rural Do Semi Arido; BrasilFil: Nunes, Carlos E. P.. University of Stirling; BrasilFil: Pires, Carmen S. S.. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria (embrapa);Fil: Dos Santos, Charles F.. Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Queiroz, Elisa P.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Cartolano, Etienne A.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: de Oliveira, Favízia F. Universidade Federal da Bahia; BrasilFil: Amorim, Felipe W.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Fontúrbel, Francisco E.. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso; ChileFil: da Silva, Gleycon V.. Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; BrasilFil: Consolaro, Hélder. Universidade Federal de Catalão; Brasi

Data standardization of plant–pollinator interactions

Background: Animal pollination is an important ecosystem function and service, ensuring both the integrity of natural systems and human well-being. Although many knowledge shortfalls remain, some high-quality data sets on biological interactions are now available. The development and adoption of standards for biodiversity data and metadata has promoted great advances in biological data sharing and aggregation, supporting large-scale studies and science-based public policies. However, these standards are currently not suitable to fully support interaction data sharing. Results: Here we present a vocabulary of terms and a data model for sharing plant–pollinator interactions data based on the Darwin Core standard. The vocabulary introduces 48 new terms targeting several aspects of plant–pollinator interactions and can be used to capture information from different approaches and scales. Additionally, we provide solutions for data serialization using RDF, XML, and DwC-Archives and recommendations of existing controlled vocabularies for some of the terms. Our contribution supports open access to standardized data on plant–pollinator interactions. Conclusions: The adoption of the vocabulary would facilitate data sharing to support studies ranging from the spatial and temporal distribution of interactions to the taxonomic, phenological, functional, and phylogenetic aspects of plant–pollinator interactions. We expect to fill data and knowledge gaps, thus further enabling scientific research on the ecology and evolution of plant–pollinator communities, biodiversity conservation, ecosystem services, and the development of public policies. The proposed data model is flexible and can be adapted for sharing other types of interactions data by developing discipline-specific vocabularies of termsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Orchid bees (Apidae, Euglossini) from Oil Palm Plantations in Eastern Amazon Have Larger but Not Asymmetrical Wings

Phenotypic variation in both morphology and symmetry of individuals may appear due to environmental stress caused by land-use changes. Here, we evaluated fluctuating asymmetry (FA) and wing size variations of two orchid bee species, Euglossa ignita Smith, 1874 and Eulaema meriana (Olivier, 1789), comparing 11 wing traits. We sampled the individuals from legal reserves (LR), areas of permanent protection (APP), and oil palm plantations (PALM) in Eastern Amazonia. We calculated FA as the absolute difference between the wing measurements made in the right and left wings of specimens and both species’ wing size. We corrected each FA measure for possible directional asymmetry bias by subtracting the mean value of the mean FA signed difference to each FA measure. We compared FA and the size of each wing trait of each species between land-use types using one-way ANOVAs. We found no effect of FA between land-use types, but we observed individuals of both species from PALM areas having larger wings than those from LR areas. Our results demonstrate that there seems to be a pressure exerted by land-use change associated with palm oil cultivation favoring individuals with larger wings, although both species had shown substantial permeability of oil palm

How pervasive is biotic homogenization in human‐modified tropical forest landscapes?

Land-cover change and ecosystem degradation may lead to biotic homogenization, yet our under- standing of this phenomenon over large spatial scales and different biotic groups remains weak. We used a multi-taxa dataset from 335 sites and 36 heterogeneous landscapes in the Brazilian Amazon to examine the potential for landscape-scale processes to modulate the cumulative effects of local disturbances. Biotic homogenization was high in production areas but much less in disturbed and regenerating forests, where high levels of among-site and among-landscape b-diversity appeared to attenuate species loss at larger scales. We found consistently high levels of b-diversity among landscapes for all land cover classes, providing support for landscape-scale divergence in species composition. Our findings support concerns that b-diversity has been underestimated as a driver of biodiversity change and underscore the importance of maintaining a distributed network of reserves, including remaining areas of undisturbed primary forest, but also disturbed and regenerating forests, to conserve regional biota

Areas requiring restoration efforts are a complementary opportunity to support the demand for pollination services in Brazil

Crop pollination is one of Nature’s Contributions to People (NCP) that reconciles biodiversity conservation and agricultural production. NCP benefits vary across space, including among distinct political-administrative levels within nations. Moreover, initiatives to restore ecosystems may enhance NCP provision, such as crop pollination delivered by native pollinators. We mapped crop pollination demand (PD), diversity of pollinator-dependent crops, and vegetation deficit (VD) (vis-a-vis Brazilian legal requirements) across all 5570 municipalities in Brazil. Pollinator-dependent crops represented ∼55% of the annual monetary value of agricultural production and ∼15% of the annual crop production. Municipalities with greater crop PD (i.e., higher degree of pollinator dependence of crop production) also had greater VD, associated with large properties and monocultures. In contrast, municipalities with a greater diversity of pollinator-dependent crops and predominantly small properties presented a smaller VD. Our results support that ecological restoration prompted by legal requirements offers great potential to promote crop productivity in larger properties. Moreover, conservation of vegetation remnants could support food security in small properties. We provided the first steps to identify spatial patterns linking biodiversity conservation and pollination service. Using Brazilian legal requirements as an example, we show that land-use management policies may be successfully used to ensure agricultural sustainability and crop production.Fil: Bergamo, Pedro J.. Jardim Botânico Do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Wolowski, Marina. Universidade Federal de Alfenas; BrasilFil: Tambosi, Leandro R.. Universidad Federal do Abc; BrasilFil: Garcia, Edenise. The Nature Conservancy Brasil; BrasilFil: Agostini, Kayna. Universidade Federal do São Carlos; BrasilFil: Garibaldi, Lucas Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural. - Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro. Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural; ArgentinaFil: Knight, Tiffany M.. German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research ; Alemania. University Halle-Wittenberg; Alemania. Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research; AlemaniaFil: Nic Lughadha, Eimear. Royal Botanic Gardens; Reino UnidoFil: Oliveira, Paulo E. A. M.. Universidade Federal de Uberlandia (univ. Federal de Uberlandia);Fil: Marques, Marcia C. M.. Universidade Federal do Paraná; BrasilFil: Maruyama, Pietro K.. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; BrasilFil: Maués, Márcia M.. Embrapa; BrasilFil: Oppata, Alberto K.. Cooperativa Agrícola Mista de Tomé-Açu; BrasilFil: Rech, André R.. Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys; BrasilFil: Saraiva, Antônio M.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Silva, Felipe D. S.. Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul; BrasilFil: Sousa, Gizele. Cooperativa Agrícola Mista de Tomé-Açu; BrasilFil: Tsukahara, Rodrigo Y.. Fundaç ão ABC Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Agropecuário; BrasilFil: Varassin, Isabela G.. Universidade Federal do Paraná; BrasilFil: Felipe Viana, Blandina. Universidade Federal da Bahia; BrasilFil: Freitas, Leandro. Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden; Brasi

Integrating public engagement to intensify pollination services through ecological restoration.

Globally, human activities impose threats to nature and the provision of ecosystem services, such as pollination. In this context, ecological restoration provides opportunities to create managed landscapes that maximize biodiversity conservation and sustainable agriculture, e.g., via provision of pollination services. Managing pollination services and restoration opportunities requires the engagement of distinct stakeholders embedded in diverse social institutions. Nevertheless, frameworks toward sustainable agriculture often overlook how stakeholders interact and access power in social arenas. We present a perspective integrating pollination services, ecological restoration, and public engagement for biodiversity conservation and agricultural production. We highlight the importance of a comprehensive assessment of pollination services, restoration opportunities identification, and a public engagement strategy anchored in institutional analysis of the social arenas involved in restoration efforts. Our perspective can therefore guide the implementation of practices from local to country scales to enhance biodiversity conservation and sustainable agriculture

O cuidado no "resguardo": as vivências de crenças e tabus por um grupo de puérpera

Em nosso meio, o resguardo é cercado de manifestações culturais e tabus, fundamentadas em interpretações de ordem natural, sobrenatural e social. Este trabalho identificou os significados atribuídos por puérperas acerca do auto-cuidado, sob o referencial teórico da cultura. Os sujeitos foram puérperas que compareceram à Unidades de Saúde com seu filho para procedimentos de rotina. Os resultados mostraram que as crenças revelam um poder simbólico na estruturação de condutas e comportamentos das puérperas em relação a manifestações e cuidados no puerpério. Consideramos importante que os profissionais de saúde incorporem em sua prática, valores e crenças das puérperas, compartilhando os saberes que envolvem o puerpério, favorecendo a compreensão crítica da realidade e a promoção da saúde ao binômio mãe e filho

As vivências da amamentação para um grupo de mulheres: nos limites de ser "o corpo para o filho" e de ser "o corpo para si" Breastfeeding experiences in a group of women: the limits of "the body for the child" and "the body for oneself"

Neste estudo buscamos compreender o significado atribuído, por um grupo de mulheres da cidade de Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, sobre as vivências da amamentação no que se refere às sensações e manifestações em seus corpos, bem como as percebidas nos corpos de seus filhos. Compreendemos esse fenômeno integrado a sistemas de valores da maternidade e do corpo. Constitui-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa. Participaram vinte primíparas com parto há menos de trinta dias, que procuraram as unidades básicas de saúde por razão adversa à amamentação. A análise das entrevistas e observações baseou-se na técnica de análise de conteúdo, modalidade temática. Para essas mulheres, amamentar é ser uma boa mãe e dar o melhor para o filho. Na prática da amamentação, entre limites e possibilidades, dimensionam o que consideram "problema", baseando-se nas manifestações percebidas em seus corpos e, prioritariamente, nos corpos de seus filhos. Suas preocupações estão fundadas nos prejuízos e perigos a que expõem o filho. Tais vivências se processam nos limites de ser: o corpo para o filho e o corpo para si, o que confere um vivido conflito entre maternidade e individualidade.<br>This study aims to understand the meanings ascribed by a group of women from Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State, to their experiences with breastfeeding in relation to the sensations and manifestations in their own bodies as well as those they perceive in their children. The phenomenon was viewed as integrated with value systems related to motherhood and the body. The research methodology was qualitative. Participants included twenty primiparous women who had given birth less than 30 days previously who came to primary health care clinics due to various complaints. The analysis of interviews and observations was based on the thematic modality of content analysis. For these women, breastfeeding means to be a good mother and to give the best of oneself to the child. In breastfeeding practice, among limits and possibilities, they measure what they consider a "problem" based on the perceived manifestations in their own bodies and especially in those of their children. Their concerns are based on harm and danger to which they expose the child. Such experiences play out at the limits of being: the body for the child and the body for oneself, thereby establishing a sharp conflict between motherhood and individuality