Psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Addendum for PTSD (PSQI-A)

Objective: Sleep disturbances play a fundamental role in the pathophysiology posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and are not only a secondary feature. The aim of this study was to validate and assess the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Addendum for PTSD (PSQI-A-BR), a self-report instrument designed to assess the frequency of seven disruptive nocturnal behaviors, in a sample of participants with and without PTSD. Methods: PSQI-A was translated into Brazilian Portuguese and applied to a convenience sample of 190 volunteers, with and without PTSD, who had sought treatment for the consequences of a traumatic event. Results: The PSQI-A-BR displayed satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach's coefficient of 0.83 between all items) and convergent validity with the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS), even when excluding sleep-related items (r = 0.52). Test-retest yielded high agreement in the global PSQI-A-BR, with good stability over time (r = 0.88). A global PSQI-A-BR cutoff score of 7 yielded a sensitivity of 79%, specificity of 64%, and a global score of 7 yielded a positive predictive value of 93% for discriminating participants with PTSD from those without PTSD. Conclusion: The PSQI-A-BR is a valid instrument for PTSD assessment, applicable to both clinical and research settings.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Department of PsychiatryUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Department of PsychobiologyUNIFESP, Department of PsychiatryUNIFESP, Department of PsychobiologySciEL

Evaluation of response to hepatitis B virus vaccine in adults with human immunodeficiency virus

Introduction and aim: Viral hepatitis is a serious public health problem. The risk of progression to chronic hepatitis in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection occurs in 5–10% of adults and is a leading cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide. Individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may have coinfection with HBV. The existence of unvaccinated groups represents a significant risk not only individually but also at the community level. The aim of this study was to evaluate HBV vaccine response in adults with HIV infection. Materials and methods: A retrospective, descriptive study of the cross-sectional type was carried out in an outpatient HIV referral center in southern Brazil. All medical records of adult HIV patients seen during January 2006 to December 2015 were selected. In statistical analysis, a significance level of 5% was used. Results: Of the 201 patients evaluated with a complete vaccination scheme, 55.72% were males, with a mean age of 43.86 ± 12.68 years. Vaccine response occurred in 80.10% (161/201) of the patients, and it did not correlate with age, CD4+ cell count or viral load. Conclusion: HBV vaccine response in a HIV population was satisfactory, highlighting the importance of vaccination for prevention, cost reduction and better prognosis in preventing HBV/HIV coinfection

Rhodnius prolixus interaction with Trypanosoma rangeli: modulation of the immune system and microbiota population

Submitted by sandra infurna ([email protected]) on 2016-05-11T11:06:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 cecilia_vieira_etal_IOC_2015.pdf: 1447403 bytes, checksum: 9b50113b9471461d6d9b11f81121be77 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by sandra infurna ([email protected]) on 2016-05-11T13:05:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 cecilia_vieira_etal_IOC_2015.pdf: 1447403 bytes, checksum: 9b50113b9471461d6d9b11f81121be77 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-11T13:05:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 cecilia_vieira_etal_IOC_2015.pdf: 1447403 bytes, checksum: 9b50113b9471461d6d9b11f81121be77 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Bioquímica e Fisiologia de Insetos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Bioquímica e Fisiologia de Insetos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Bioquímica e Fisiologia de Insetos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ). Instituto de Florestas. Departamento de Ciências Ambientais. Seropédica, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Bioquímica e Fisiologia de Insetos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Bioquímica e Fisiologia de Insetos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Bioquímica e Fisiologia de Insetos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Bioquímica e Fisiologia de Insetos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Instituto Nacional de Entomologia Molecular (INCT-EM). Departamento de Entomologia Molecular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Bioquímica e Fisiologia de Insetos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Instituto Nacional de Entomologia Molecular (INCT-EM). Departamento de Entomologia Molecular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Bioquímica e Fisiologia de Insetos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Instituto Nacional de Entomologia Molecular (INCT-EM). Departamento de Entomologia Molecular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Background: Trypanosoma rangeli is a protozoan that infects a variety of mammalian hosts, including humans. Its main insect vector is Rhodnius prolixus and is found in several Latin American countries. The R. prolixus vector competence depends on the T. rangeli strain and the molecular interactions, as well as the insect’s immune responses in the gut and haemocoel. This work focuses on the modulation of the humoral immune responses of the midgut of R. prolixus infected with T. rangeli Macias strain, considering the influence of the parasite on the intestinal microbiota. Methods: The population density of T. rangeli Macias strain was analysed in different R. prolixus midgut compartments in long and short-term experiments. Cultivable and non-cultivable midgut bacteria were investigated by colony forming unit (CFU) assays and by 454 pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, respectively. The modulation of R. prolixus immune responses was studied by analysis of the antimicrobial activity in vitro against different bacteria using turbidimetric tests, the abundance of mRNAs encoding antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) defensin (DefA, DefB, DefC), prolixicin (Prol) and lysozymes (LysA, LysB) by RT-PCR and analysis of the phenoloxidase (PO) activity. Results: Our results showed that T. rangeli successfully colonized R. prolixus midgut altering the microbiota population and the immune responses as follows: 1 - reduced cultivable midgut bacteria; 2 - decreased the number of sequences of the Enterococcaceae but increased those of the Burkholderiaceae family; the families Nocardiaceae, Enterobacteriaceae and Mycobacteriaceae encountered in control and infected insects remained the same; 3 - enhanced midgut antibacterial activities against Serratia marcescens and Staphylococcus aureus; 4 - downregulated LysB and Prol mRNA levels; altered DefB, DefC and LysA depending on the infection (short and longterm); 5 - decreased PO activity. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that T. rangeli Macias strain modulates R. prolixus immune system and modifies the natural microbiota composition

The Aging Process: A Metabolomics Perspective

Aging process is characterized by a progressive decline of several organic, physiological, and metabolic functions whose precise mechanism remains unclear. Metabolomics allows the identification of several metabolites and may contribute to clarifying the aging-regulated metabolic pathways. We aimed to investigate aging-related serum metabolic changes using a metabolomics approach. Fasting blood serum samples from 138 apparently healthy individuals (20–70 years old, 56% men) were analyzed by Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR) and Liquid Chromatography-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS), and for clinical markers. Associations of the metabolic profile with age were explored via Correlations (r); Metabolite Set Enrichment Analysis; Multiple Linear Regression; and Aging Metabolism Breakpoint. The age increase was positively correlated (0.212 ≤ r ≤ 0.370, p < 0.05) with the clinical markers (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, VLDL, triacylglyceride, and glucose levels); negatively correlated (−0.285 ≤ r ≤ −0.214, p < 0.05) with tryptophan, 3-hydroxyisobutyrate, asparagine, isoleucine, leucine, and valine levels, but positively (0.237 ≤ r ≤ 0.269, p < 0.05) with aspartate and ornithine levels. These metabolites resulted in three enriched pathways: valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation, urea cycle, and ammonia recycling. Additionally, serum metabolic levels of 3-hydroxyisobutyrate, isoleucine, aspartate, and ornithine explained 27.3% of the age variation, with the aging metabolism breakpoint occurring after the third decade of life. These results indicate that the aging process is potentially associated with reduced serum branched-chain amino acid levels (especially after the third decade of life) and progressively increased levels of serum metabolites indicative of the urea cycle

Seqüenciamento do transcriptoma de tecidos vasculares de Eucalyptus grandis

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