873 research outputs found
BACKWARD INTEGRATION BY COOPERATIVES IN IMPERFECTLY COMPETITIVE AGRICULTURAL RAW PRODUCT MARKETS
This paper models backward integration by processing cooperatives into raw product production. Our analysis demonstrates that a cooperative's incentive to acquire raw product production capacity depends on its ability to restrict member production to optimal levels and the relationship between members and nonmembers in the raw product market.Agribusiness, Marketing,
OPTIMAL STRATEGIES OF MARKETING COOPERATIVES REGARDING NONMEMBER BUSINESS
This paper analyzes the pricing and output decisions of a cooperative that purchases and processes an agricultural raw product from both member and nonmember producers. Because of the complexity of the optimality conditions, simulation analysis is used to demonstrate solutions for various scenarios under monopsony market structure.Agribusiness, Industrial Organization,
Non-Isotropic Angular Distribution for Very Short-Time Gamma-Ray Bursts
While most gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are now believed to be from cosmological
distances, the origin of very short-time GRBs is still not known. In the past,
we have shown that GRBs with time duration (T90) less than 100 ms may form a
separate class of GRBs based on the hardness and time distribution of these
events. We have also shown that the ln N ln S distribution is consistent with
the expectation of quasi-Euclidean distribution of sources. In this paper, we
report the study of the angular location of these GRBs showing a strong
deviation from isotropy within the Galactic coordinates of plus 180 degrees <
longitude < 90 degrees and -30 degrees < latitude < 30 degrees. We have studied
the rest of the GRBs and do not find a similar deviation. This further
indicates that the very-short GRBs likely form a separate class of GRBs, most
probably from sources of Galactic or near solar origin
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Identifying perinatal anxiety in women
Timely and comprehensive, this is the first book to offer synthesis and analysis of the current state of research and practice in early identification of perinatal mental health difficulties while also sketching out future screening ..
On the origin of bimodal duration distribution of Gamma Ray Bursts
The modified version of a bullet model for gamma ray bursts is studied. The
central engine of the source produces multiple sub-jets that are contained
within a cone. The emission of photons in the source frame of a sub-jet either
takes part in an infinitesimally thin shell, or during its expansion for a
finite time. The analysis of the observed profiles of GRBs taken by BATSE leads
us to the conclusion that the latter possibility is much more favored. We also
study the statistical distribution of GRBs, in the context of their bimodality
of durations, taking into account the detector's capability of observing the
signal above a certain flux limit. The model with shells emitting for a finite
time is able to reproduce only one class of bursts, short or long, depending on
the adopted physical parameters. Therefore we suggest that the GRB bimodality
is intrinsically connected with two separate classes of sources.Comment: 12 pages, 12 figures; accepted by MNRAS. Small changes to match the
corre cted proof
Events in the affective city: Affect, attention and alignment in two ordinary urban events
In a representational regime, planned urban events are used by urban planners to render urban projects visible and acceptable. As a corollary of the focus of urban studies on their representational dimension and in spite of a burgeoning literature on the notion of affective urbanism, the experiential character of events remains surprisingly unexplored. This paper argues that an ordinary regime of events is mobilised by city-makers to act on the embodied, affective experience of the city and on the ways urban dwellers know and act upon the city. By analysing planned urban events in their embodied, experiential dimension, we focus on the ways in which, through the design of ephemeral material dispositives, urbanists attempt to encourage citizens to incorporate ways of knowing and acting on space and on the modalities of knowing and acting that are at play. We stage an encounter between critical event studies and Ingoldian approaches to affect and attention, examining two urban events in a Swiss canton. We show how intense encounters with urban matter are staged in an attempt to modulate affects, guide attention, and produce alignment with a specific political project, asking urban dwellers either to embody a project still in the making or to cultivate expectations regarding an already-written future
Micro-cantilever testing of diamond - silicon carbide interfaces in silicon carbide bonded diamond materials produced by reactive silicon infiltration
SiC-bonded diamond materials produced by pressureless reactive infiltration of diamond preforms with silicon show high hardness and wear resistance. These properties are due to the relatively high diamond volume content of approximately 50 vol% and the mechanically strong interface between diamond and SiC. To determine the bending strength of individual interfaces between diamond and SiC, micro-cantilevers were prepared by focused ion beam milling at 13 grain boundaries and in-situ bending tests were carried out in a scanning electron microscope. The determined strength of cantilevers showing interface fracture was 10.4 ± 4.0 GPa. Fracture surfaces were analyzed to verify the fracture behavior and initiation. In addition to fracture at the interface diamond/SiC, fracture occurred inside the SiC grains and at the SiC/silicon interface at comparable strength values. The results prove the high diamond/SiC-interface bonding strength
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