INCLUDING NONTARGETED INFORMATION WHEN TEACHING MULTIPLE EXEMPLARS OF SHAPES WITH THE CONSTANT TIME DELAY PROCEDURE

Five elementary age students with moderate to severe intellectual disabilities were taught shape identification. A multiple probe design across behaviors, replicated across participants, was used to determine the effectiveness of constant time delay to determine the effectiveness of Constant Time Delay to teach shapes. Nontarget information was included in praise statements. All students met criterion on target information of shape identification. All students increased their ability to identify shape words, spell shape words, tell the number of sides of the shapes when presented and tell the number of angles of shapes presented. Generalization occurred during daily walks through the school and community as well as during the probe sessions

Experimental Constraints on Ocean Wave Erosion of Icebergs and Glaciers

Loss of ice from glaciers and ice sheets has been steadily increasing over recent decades due to rising oceanic and atmospheric temperatures. White (1980) developed a theoretical estimate for the erosion rate of icy surface by wave activity, which has since been used as the sole basis for calculating wave melting effects in ocean and ice sheet models. In this study, we conduct the first new experiments since White (1980) to test the established parameterization and extend it to a wider range of wave and water properties. A custom-built 1.2 meter long wave tank is used to simulate the behavior of ocean waves on ice shelves in a laboratory-scaled manner. White’s theory is tested for a wide range of conditions to within a reasonable margin of error (given the limitations of the tank and required assumptions). We further discuss how the results from this experiment can help to improve models of the high-latitude oceans for the benefit of predicting future climate, and assessing iceberg hazards to shipping

Reed Lake 2013 Aquatic Plant Survey

The main objective of this project was to collect and identify aquatic plants in Reed Lake, a small, shallow lake in Whatcom County. The project was undertaken with the assistance of volunteers from the Glenhaven Lakes community (Figure 1). Residents of the Glenhaven community have expressed concerns about the effects that aquatic plants are having on recreation in the lake. This report included maps showing the types of plants that were collected in the lake Figures 2–10 and estimated plant densities (Figures 11–13), with a short discussion of methods that might be useful for reducing aquatic plant densities in the lake