Protein and Lysine Contents of Endosperm and Bran of the Parents and Progenies of Crosses of Common Wheat

Grain samples from parent and progeny rows of the common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crosses, \u27Nap Hal\u27/ \u27Atlas 66* and Nap Hal/\u27Super X\u27, were fractionated into their starchy endosperm and bran components to determine the within-kernel site of their variation in protein and lysine concentration. Nap Hal and Atlas 66 are highprotein wheats. Nap Hal also has elevated grain lysine content. Super X has average protein and lysine content. Transgressive segregation existed both for high and low endosperm protein concentration among the F3 progeny rows of Nap Hal/Atlas 66. Low-protein progeny rows had endosperm protein percentages that were 3 to 5 percentage points lower than the parental mean (19.5%). High-protein progeny lines were 2 to 4 percentage points higher than the parental mean. Nap Hal and some of the progeny rows were 5 percentage points higher in bran protein content than Atlas 66. Endosperm and bran protein percentages of Nap Hal/Super X F4 progeny were within the parental range. Some progeny rows had endosperm and bran protein concentrations equal to those of Nap Hal. Variation among the progeny rows for endosperm and bran lysine (% of protein) concentrations was within the range of variability of the replicated parental rows. Variation for grain protein content among the progeny rows of both crosses was due to variation for both endosperm and bran protein content. Variation for grain lysine (% of sample) among the Nap Hal/Atlas 66 progeny rows was due primarily to variation in endosperm and bran protein content with endosperm and bran lysine (% of protein) being of lesser importance

Modified Milling Procedure for Separating Endosperm and Nonendosperm Portions of the Wheat Kernel for Protein and Lysine Analysis

Conventional milling does not uniformly separate endospt: rm and nonendosperm components of wheats (Triticure aestivum L.). Uniform separation of bran and endosperm is required for protein and lysine analyses because of a prolein gradient in wheat endosperm. A modified milling procedure for separating endosperm and nonendosperm cemponents of the wheat kernel was evaluated for its utility in processing small breeder lots of seed for protein and lysine analyses. After conventional milling and sifting, the endosperm adhering to the bran was removed by washing with a 80:20 (vol/vol) ethanol:acetone solution, filtered from the washing solution, dried, and added to the mill flour to reconstitute the endosperm. Reconstituted endosperm weight was used to calculate pelcent endosperm. Reasonably complete and uniform separations of the endosperm and nonendosperm components were obtained without any appreciable loss of components. Endosperm percentages of the wheats tested ranged from 72.8 to 85.5%. Endosperm protein percentages ranged from 10.8 to 21.0%. Bran protein percentages ranged from 13.1 to 25.1%. Endosperm lysine (percent of protein) percentages ranged from 2.1 to 3.1%. Bran lysine (percent protein) percentages ranged from 3.2 5.0%

Protein and Lysine Content of Grain, Endosperm, and Bran of Wheats from the USDA World Wheat Collection

The effects of relative amounts and the protein and lysine concentrations of kernel components on whole grain protein and lysine in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were studied. Wheats from the USDA World Wheat Collection that differed in whole grain protein and lysine content were compared. The correlation of grain protein with endosperm protein was r = 0.98, showing that whole grain protein percentages accurately reflect endosperm protein content in wheat. The correlation of grain and endosperm lysine percentages was lower. Endosperm percent protein had the largest effect on grain lysine content of any of the factors tested. The combined effect of percent of bran, bran percent protein, and bran lysine (% of protein) on whole grain lysine content was great as the effect of endosperm lysine (% of protein). Wheats with high grain lysine content do not always have high endosperm lyslne content. Differences were detected among the wheats studied for endosperm and bran protein and lysine content

Results of the Second International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery

The Second International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery was grown in 1970 at 38 sites in 23 countries. Four of the sites were in the southern hemisphere. Data were reported from 36 sites. The same 30 varieties evaluated in the First International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery were grown in this Second International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery. Twenty-eight varieties were winter wheats; two were spring wheats. Data on grain yield, test weight, maturity, plant height, lodging, shattering, winter survival, diseases, grain protein content and lysine content for 1970 are reported. Two-year mean data summaries also are reported

Results of the Second International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery

The Second International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery was grown in 1970 at 38 sites in 23 countries. Four of the sites were in the southern hemisphere. Data were reported from 36 sites. The same 30 varieties evaluated in the First International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery were grown in this Second International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery. Twenty-eight varieties were winter wheats; two were spring wheats. Data on grain yield, test weight, maturity, plant height, lodging, shattering, winter survival, diseases, grain protein content and lysine content for 1970 are reported. Two-year mean data summaries also are reported

Results of the Eleventh International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery Grown in 1979

This is the eleventh report of results from an International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery (IWWPN) organized in 1968 by the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station in cooperation with the Agricultural Research Service (ARS), U.S. Department of Agriculture, under contract number AID/ta-C-1093 with the U.S. International Development Corporation, Agency for International Development. The Nursery was designed to (1) test the adaptation and stability of winter wheat cultivars in a range of latitudes, daylengths, fertility conditions, water management regimes, and disease complexes; (2) identify superior winter cultivars to serve as recipient genotypes for high protein and high lysine genes; (3) test the degree of expression and stability of the high protein and high lysine traits in an array of environments; and (4) provide a vehicle for exchange of germplasm and research cooperation throughout the major winter wheat producing areas of the world

I2PA, U-prove, and Idemix: An Evaluation of Memory Usage and Computing Time Efficiency in an IoT Context

The Internet of Things (IoT), in spite of its innumerable advantages, brings many challenges namely issues about users' privacy preservation and constraints about lightweight cryptography. Lightweight cryptography is of capital importance since IoT devices are qualified to be resource-constrained. To address these challenges, several Attribute-Based Credentials (ABC) schemes have been designed including I2PA, U-prove, and Idemix. Even though these schemes have very strong cryptographic bases, their performance in resource-constrained devices is a question that deserves special attention. This paper aims to conduct a performance evaluation of these schemes on issuance and verification protocols regarding memory usage and computing time. Recorded results show that both I2PA and U-prove present very interesting results regarding memory usage and computing time while Idemix presents very low performance with regard to computing time

A vector for Aspergillus transformation conferring phleomycin resistance.

Recently, transformation of Aspergillus species with vector pAN7-1, conferring resistance to hygromycin B was reported (Punt et al. 1987 Gene 56:117-124)

Results of the Third High Protein-High Lysine Wheat Observation Nursery Grown in 1977

This is the third report of results from a high protein-high lysine (HP-HL) wheat observation nursery organized in 1974 by the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station and the Science and Education Administration, U.S. Department of Agriculture, under a contract with the Agency for International Development, U.S. Department of State. Advanced experimental lines distributed to breeders and cooperators in the 3rd HP-HL nursery were selected from numerous hybrid combinations of both spring and winter types. All exhibited elevated protein and/or lysine in nursery trials in Nebraska or Arizona

Results of the Thirteenth International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery Grown in 1981

This is the thirteenth report of results from an International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery (IWWPN) organized in 1968 by the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station in cooperation with the Agricultural Research Service (ARS), U. S. Department of Agriculture, under contract number AID/ta-C-1093 with the U. S. International Development Corporation, Agency for International Development. The Nursery was designed to (1) test the adaptation and stability of winter wheat cultivars in a range of latitudes, daylengths, fertility conditions, water management regimes, and disease complexes; (2) identify superior winter cultivars to serve as recipient genotypes for high protein and high lysine genes; (3) test the degree of expression and stability of the high protein and high lysine traits in an array of environments; and (4) provide a vehicle for exchange of wheat germplasm and research cooperation throughout the major winter wheat producing areas of the world