330 research outputs found
Neutron density distribution and neutron skin thickness of Pb
We present and discuss numerical predictions for the neutron density
distribution of Pb using various non-relativistic and relativistic
mean-field models for the nuclear structure. Our results are compared with the
very recent pion photoproduction data from Mainz. The parity-violating
asymmetry parameter for elastic electron scattering at the kinematics of the
PREX experiment at JLab and the neutron skin thickness are compared with the
available data. We consider also the dependence between the neutron skin and
the parameters of the expansion of the symmetry energy.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, latest MAMI data use
Effective Fluid Description of the Dark Universe
We propose an effective anisotropic fluid description for a generic
infrared-modified theory of gravity. In our framework, the additional component
of the acceleration, commonly attributed to dark matter, is explained as a
radial pressure generated by the reaction of the dark energy fluid to the
presence of baryonic matter. Using quite general assumptions, and a microscopic
description of the fluid in terms of a Bose-Einstein condensate of gravitons,
we find the static, spherically symmetric solution for the metric in terms of
the Misner-Sharp mass function and the fluid pressure. At galactic scales, we
correctly reproduce the leading MOND-like and subleading
terms in the weak-field expansion of the potential. Our
description also predicts a tiny (of order for a typical spiral
galaxy) Machian modification of the Newtonian potential at galactic scales,
which is controlled by the cosmological acceleration.Comment: 13 pages, no figures. Replaced version: major revisions in the
introduction, microscopic derivation of Tully-Fisher relation using
Bose-Einstein condensate of gravitons. Some typos correcte
Elastic and quasi-elastic electron scattering off nuclei with neutron excess
We present theoretical predictions for electron scattering on oxygen and
calcium isotopic chains. The calculations are done within the framework of the
distorted-wave Born approximation and the proton and neutron density
distributions are evaluated adopting a relativistic Dirac-Hartree model. We
present results for the elastic and quasi-elastic cross sections and for the
parity-violating asymmetry. As a first step, the results of the models are
tested in comparison with some of the data available for elastic and
quasi-elastic scattering on 16O and 40Ca nuclei. Then, the evolution of some
nuclear properties is investigated as a function of the neutron number. We also
present a comparison with the parity-violating asymmetry parameter obtained by
the PREX Collaboration on 208Pb and give a prediction for the future experiment
CREX on 48Ca.Comment: 37 pages, 17 figures. version accepted for publication in the
Physical Review C. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:0809.4124 by
other author
Proton-Nucleus Elastic Scattering: Comparison between Phenomenological and Microscopic Optical Potentials
Elastic scattering is a very important process to understand nuclear
interactions in finite nuclei. Despite decades of efforts, the goal of reaching
a coherent description of this physical process in terms of microscopic forces
is still far from being completed.
In previous papers (Phys. Rev. C93, 034619 (2016), Phys. Rev. C96, 044001
(2017)) we derived a nonrelativistic theoretical optical potential from
nucleon-nucleon chiral potentials at fourth (N3LO) and fifth order (N4LO). We
checked convergence patterns and established theoretical error bands. With this
work we study the performances of our optical potential in comparison with
those of a successful nonrelativistic phenomenological optical potential in the
description of elastic proton scattering data on several isotopic chains at
energies around and above 200 MeV.
We use the same framework and the same approximations of our previous papers,
where the nonrelativistic optical potential is derived at the first-order term
within the spectator expansion of the multiple scattering theory and adopting
the impulse approximation and the optimum factorization approximation.
The cross sections and analyzing powers for elastic proton scattering off
calcium, nickel, tin, and lead isotopes are presented for several incident
proton energies, exploring the range MeV, where
experimental data are available. In addition, we provide theoretical
predictions for Ni56 at 400 MeV, which is of interest for the future
experiments at EXL.
Our results indicate that microscopic optical potentials derived from
nucleon-nucleon chiral potentials at N4LO can provide reliable predictions for
the cross section and the analyzing power both of stable and exotic nuclei,
even at energies where the reliability of the chiral expansion starts to be
questionable.Comment: 26 pages, 10 figures, submitted to PR
Emergence of a Dark Force in Corpuscular Gravity
We investigate the emergent laws of gravity when Dark Energy and the de
Sitter space-time are modelled as a critical Bose-Einstein condensate of a
large number of soft gravitons . We argue that this scenario
requires the presence of various regimes of gravity in which scales
in different ways. Moreover, the local gravitational interaction affecting
baryonic matter can be naturally described in terms of gravitons pulled out
from this Dark Energy condensate (DEC). We then explain the additional
component of the acceleration at galactic scales, commonly attributed to dark
matter, as the reaction of the DEC to the presence of baryonic matter. This
additional dark force is also associated to gravitons pulled out from the DEC
and correctly reproduces the MOND acceleration. It also allows for an effective
description in terms of General Relativity sourced by an anisotropic fluid. We
finally calculate the mass ratio between the contribution of the apparent dark
matter and the baryonic matter in a region of size at galactic scales and
show that it is consistent with the CDM predictions.Comment: 20 pages, no figure
Thermal QCD for non-perturbative renormalization of composite operators
We present our progresses in the use of the non-perturbative renormalization
framework based on considering QCD at finite temperature with shifted and
twisted (for quarks only) boundary conditions in the compact direction. We
report our final results in the application of this method for the
non-perturbative renormalization of the flavor-singlet local vector current. We
then discuss the more challenging case of the renormalization of the
energy-momentum tensor, and show preliminary results on the relevant one-point
functions for the computation of the renormalization constants of its
non-singlet components.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figures, contribution to the 39th International Symposium
on Lattice Field Theory, 8th-13th August, 2022, Bonn, German
Microscopic optical potentials for medium-mass isotopes derived at the first order of the Watson multiple scattering theory
We perform a first-principle calculation of optical potentials for nucleon
elastic scattering off medium-mass isotopes. Fully based on a saturating chiral
Hamiltonian, the optical potentials are derived by folding nuclear density
distributions computed with ab initio self-consistent Green's function theory
with a nucleon-nucleon matrix computed with a consistent chiral
interaction. The dependence on the folding interaction as well as the
convergence of the target densities are investigated. Numerical results are
presented and discussed for differential cross sections and analyzing powers,
with focus on elastic proton scattering off Calcium and Nickel isotopes. Our
optical potentials generally show a remarkable agreement with the available
experimental data for laboratory energies in the range 65-200 MeV. We study the
evolution of the scattering observables with increasing proton-neutron
asymmetry by computing theoretical predictions of the cross section and
analyzing power over the Calcium and Nickel isotopic chains
Elastic Antiproton-Nucleus Scattering from Chiral Forces
Elastic scattering of antiprotons off He, C, and O is
described for the first time with a totally microscopic approach based on the
calculation of an optical potential (OP) describing the antiproton-target
interaction. The OP is derived using the recent antiproton-nucleon ()
chiral interaction to calculate the matrix, while the target
densities are computed with the ab initio no-core shell model using chiral
interactions as well. Our results are in a good agreement with the existing
experimental data and the results computed at different chiral orders of the
interaction display the convergence pattern expected from the
theory
Scientific note: varroa mite eradication, the strange case of Gorgona Island
Varroa mites are vectors for several bee viruses contributing also to their diffusion worldwide (Martin 2001; Di Prisco et al. 2011; Cersini et al. 2013). The tripartite relationship among bees, mites, and viruses is thought to be responsible for the loss of a large amount of colonies (Highfield et al. 2009; Berthoud et al. 2010; Francis et al. 2013). Before the arrival of Varroa destructor , virus prevalence was lower (Martin et al. 2012). The mites have contributed to spread the viruses which could be correlated to the high number of mite-infested honey bee colony losses (Berthoud et al. 2010; Francis et al. 2013). Since the varroa mite arrival, control of varroosis has become necessary (Moritz et al. 2010). Such control is focused on the coexistence between honeybees and mites. A trial to eradicate the mite from isolated areas has not been successful. Experiments carried out to eradicate varroa mite by use of several coordinated treatments in Jersey, an island in the English Channel, did not succeed, showing how difficult it is to eradicate this ecto-parasite from an infested area (Sampson and Martin 1999). The aim of this study is to report the disappearance of varroa mite from the island of Gorgona (43° 26′ N; 9° 54′ E) following several treatments in a single apiary kept in complete isolation. Furthermore, after the varroa disappearance, the honeybee viral load has been analyzed. Gorgona Island has been chosen because it provides suitable conditions to guarantee continuous monitoring and isolation to avoid new reintroduction of bee pathogens and pests
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