Survey on Early Childhood Mathematics Education at ICME-14

This paper is about a survey to be presented at the 14th International Congress on Mathematics Education (ICME-14), which addresses the latest developments on Early Childhood Mathematics Education. The relevance of early mathematics learning and teaching in mathematics education research is explained and an overview of the work done by the Survey Team on this specific theme is described

長崎県健康・栄養調査における食生活の自己評価と食習慣、身体状況、栄養摂取状況の関連

本研究は、長崎県健康・栄養調査の食生活習慣状況調査における食生活の自己評価と食習慣、身体状況、栄養摂取状況との関連を明らかにすることを目的とした。対象者は、平成28年度長崎県健康・栄養調査の対象者のうち590名を解析対象とし、食生活の自己評価により2群に分け、食習慣やBMI、栄養摂取状況を比較した。その結果、食生活の自己評価が高い者の特徴としては、年代が高いこと、食生活に関する意識が高いことが示唆されたが、対象者の自己評価と栄養摂取のコントロールには関連があまりみられなかった。その点から、自ら食をコントロールし、自己評価につなげられるように望ましい食生活について量などの具体的な知識の普及に関する健康教育を行い、食意識のレベルアップを図る必要がある

大学ｽﾎﾟｰﾂ選手に対する実践的栄養教育

ｽﾎﾟｰﾂ選手の競技力向上に関して､食事管理が重要であることは認識されつつあるが､選手自身による食事管理は難しく栄養素等の過不足を起こしていることが多い｡選手自身による食事管理能力の修得と､実践的栄養教育に必要な内容の明確化を目的として､大学ﾊﾞﾚｰﾎﾞｰﾙ･空手道選手に栄養教育を伴う調理実習を行い､知識､技術､意識に関するｱﾝｹｰﾄ調査を行った｡結果は､5段階評価の｢そう思う､ややそう思う､どちらともいえない､あまりそう思わない､そう思わない｣を､順に｢5､4､3､2､1点｣として評価した｡その結果､評価平均値は空手群における知識面に関する1つの項目を除き､4を超えており高い評価が得られ､ｽﾎﾟｰﾂ選手自身による食事管理への寄与が示唆された｡Dietary management is important for athletes in order to improve their performance. However, such management is difficult for them, and they often take nutrients in inappropriate amounts. We herein provided athletes with nutrition education involving cooking practice, with the aim of developing their skills for dietary management, and clarifying the contents needed for practical nutrition education. University volleyball players and karate practitioners received nutrition education, and were administered a questionnaire inquiring about their knowledge, skills, and awareness in order to determine the effects of the education. The question items were scored on a 5-point grading scale: the answers “I agree”, “I slightly agree”, “no applicable answer”, “I slightly disagree”, and “I disagree” equaled 5, 4, 3, 2, and 1 point, respectively. For all question items, except for 1 knowledge-related item, karate practitioners showed an average of >4 points, suggesting the beneficial effects of nutrition education for athletes\u27 dietary management

Preschool children’s understanding of length and area measurement in Japan

International audienceThis study assesses preschool children’s understanding of length and area measurement through the activities of a mathematics program in Japan. Japanese preschool children do not formally learn mathematics; thus, we designed mathematical measurement activities for young, less-experienced preschool teachers to implement for nine five- to six-year-old children. We conducted structured clinical interviews with the children individually, both before and after the measurement activities, and qualitatively analyzed the results by comparing their answers and connecting them to the activity contents. Results indicate that children learn to understand direct comparison through activities; however, it is more difficult to establish understanding of measurement by non-universal units

A case of subacute-onset myelodysplastic syndrome with infection mimicking thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: a case report with literature review

Abstract Background Schistocytosis, which is often observed in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) patients, is a rare complication in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients. Case presentation We report on a 59-year-old man with progressive anemia and thrombocytopenia. Schistocytes were observed in his peripheral blood; consciousness disturbance, renal insufficiency, and fever were subsequently observed, fulfilling the classic pentad of TTP. He also showed massive hematuria, headache, chest pain, and abdominal pain, and brain magnetic resonance imaging scan demonstrated small infarctions. Cefmetazole was not effective, and there was no focus of infection. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) score was low at that time. We suspected TTP, and therapeutic plasma exchange was initiated. Simultaneously, antibiotic was changed to piperacillin/tazobactam. After the initiation of those treatments, his general condition improved. ADAMTS13 activity did not decrease significantly; therefore, we stopped the therapeutic plasma exchange. His D-dimer level increased and antithrombin level decreased. Heparin treatment was initiated; however, anemia and thrombocytopenia persisted. Bone marrow examinations revealed dyspoiesis in all cell lines, and a complex karyotype indicated a high risk of MDS. His TTP-like condition relapsed; again, piperacillin/tazobactam was effective. Enterococcus faecalis and Haemophilus influenzae were detected in urine culture later. Infection and/or DIC superimposed on MDS might be involved in the pathophysiology of this case. Conclusions It should be noted that subacute-onset of MDS with infection can mimic TTP

A Survey of Recent Research on Early Childhood Mathematics Education

This is a summary report of the ICME-14 survey on Early Childhood Mathematics Education, which was conducted by the authors of this paper, with the aim to establish a review of the state-of-the-art of the most important developments, and of current tendencies, new perspectives and emerging challenges in the particular field. The survey was based on an analysis of the research literature published between 2012 and 2020

Methionine utilization by bifidobacteria : possible existence o a reverse transsulfuration pathway

Although bifidobacteria are already widely used as beneficial microbes with health-promoting effects, their amino acid utilization and metabolism are nut yet fully understood. Knowledge about the metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids in bifidobacteria is especially limited. In this study, we tested the methionine utilization ability of several bifidobacterial strains when it was the sole available sulfur source. Although bifidobacteria have long been predominantly considered to he cysteine auxotrophs, we showed that this is not necessarily the case

Early Childhood Mathematics Education Research: Overview of Latest Developments And Looking Ahead

This paper is based on a survey addressing the latest developments in ECME that was initiated in the context of the 14th International Congress on Mathematics Education (ICME-14) and a part of the findings of the survey were presented at the conference on July 18, 202