O impacto das ferramentas multimédia na motivação para a aprendizagem e no desempenho dos estudantes de medicina

O crescimento exponencial da tecnologia tem permitido novas abordagens de ensino, e ao começar a enraizar-se no processo de aprendizagem, surgem novos desafios de adaptação por parte dos alunos e também por parte dos professores. A medicina, sendo uma área de constantes mudanças, requer uma capacidade de adaptação tremenda por quem a pratica. Da mesma forma, também o ensino médico evolui, na tentativa de dar respostas a novos desafios e exigências que este tipo de formação requer. Os métodos tradicionais parecem perder terreno no ensino médico, e os alunos começam a ganhar cada vez mais responsabilidade pela sua aprendizagem e pelos seus resultados. A análise de diversos estudos, dos quais resultaram 88 referências bibliográficas criteriosamente selecionadas, serviu de base para a revisão da literatura, de modo a responder aos objetivos delineados nesta dissertação: (1) esclarecer qual o impacto das ferramentas multimédia na motivação e no desempenho dos estudantes de medicina, fazendo uma comparação com os métodos tradicionais de ensino; (2) esclarecer quais seriam as ferramentas mais eficazes, refletindo sobre a pertinência da inclusão deste tipo de metodologia no currículo de ensino das escolas médicas. A adoção de estratégias de e-learning, e tudo o que lhe está associado, ou blended learning, oferece ao aluno um maior controlo e liberdade no que diz respeito à forma como quer estudar, sendo este tipo de estratégias mais bem vistas e melhor aceites quando oferecidas como um complemento aos métodos tradicionais. Com a combinação de ferramentas multimédia, o impacto sentido em parâmetros como o desenvolvimento das aptidões teórico-práticas, satisfação no processo de aprendizagem e maximização do tempo de sala de aula, é positivo. Além disso, o tempo de estudo individual também sai beneficiado, sendo feito de forma mais eficiente. O mesmo efeito benéfico verifica-se com as taxas de motivação e retenção e com os resultados dos processos de avaliação de conhecimentos, onde o impacto desta combinação parece trazer ainda mais vantagens. Com esta monografia pretendeu-se contribuir para o entendimento de qual seria a melhor estratégia a adotar, e quais as ferramentas multimédia que melhor se adequam na educação médica atual, não deixando de expor os benefícios ou malefícios que poderão advir destas escolhas.The exponential growth of technology has allowed the emergence of new approaches in the teaching setting, and as it begins to take it’s space in the students' learning process, new challenges of adaptation arise, both for students and teachers. Being medicine an area of constant change, it requires a tremendous capacity of adaptation by those who practice it. Similarly, medical education is also evolving in an attempt to respond to the new challenges and demands that this type of training requires. Traditional methods seem to be losing ground in medical education, and students are beginning to gain more and more responsibility for their learning and results. The analysis of several studies, which resulted in 88 carefully selected bibliographical references served as a foundation for the integrated review of literature, in order to meet the objectives outlined in this dissertation: (1) clarify what type of impact multimedia tools bring to motivation and performance of medical students, and whether their introduction will bring different results when compared to traditional teaching methods; (2) clarify what might be the most effective tools, reflecting on the relevance of including this type of methodology in the teaching curriculum of medical schools. The adoption of e-learning strategies, and all that is associated with it, or blended learning, offers students greater control and freedom with regard to the way they want to study, and this type of strategies are better viewed and accepted when offered as a complement to traditional methods. With the combination of multimedia tools, the impact felt in parameters such as the development of theoretical and practical skills, satisfaction in the learning process and maximization of classroom time, is positive. In addition, individual study time also benefits and is done more efficiently. It is also the case with the motivation and retention rates and with the results of the knowledge evaluation processes, where the impact of this combination seems to bring even more advantages. This paper is intended to contribute to the understanding of which strategy can potentially be the best to adopt, and which multimedia tools are best suited to the current state of medical education, while not failing to expose the benefits or harm that may arise from these choices

Methods to Express Dispersion of Results in Food Composition Data

In Europe one feature of National Food Composition Databanks (nFCDBs) is to provide data soundly supported in standardized quality assurance procedures. It is now widely recognized that the evaluation of the degree of dispersion associated with a result is an essential part of any quantitative analysis. According to recent requirements the concept of data quality incorporates the evaluation of the measurement uncertainty (MU) as an indicator of the reliability of the result. The aim of this work is to study the typification of approaches used to estimate measurement uncertainty in food composition analysis in compliance with the criteria established in the “Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM)”. The work addressed the approaches founded on the modelling of the measurement process as described in the GUM (chapter 8), and on the experimental approaches, typically precision and bias data, obtained from within-laboratory validation studies, quality controls, inter-laboratory method validation studies or proficiency testing schemes.This work was completed on behalf of the EuroFIR Nexus consortium and funded under the EU 7th Framework Food Quality and Safety Programme

"O contributo dos relatos e guias de viagens para o estudo da Antiguidade Clássica no Sul de Portugal"

The aim of this communication is to stress the potential of reports, travel accounts and guidebooks as sources for the study of classical Antiquity. The area of analysis is Alentejo, from the seventeenth to the twentieth century. The description of landscape elements, forms of territorial occupation and settlements, the action of men on the landscape, as well as assessments of evaluative and aesthetics parameters are an integral part of guidebooks and travel accounts. But they also have potential as repositories of information that could be used by anyone who is interested in the study of classical Antiquity. The successive images and perceptions about the classical legacy, the importance given to them in terms of speech, the reference to material and privileged vestiges and even the omissions reflect, among others, the various perspectives that authors and editors transmitted at different times and at distinct historical contexts

The 16th century Nativity azulejo panel called “de Nossa Senhora da Vida”

One of the jewels in the collections of the Museu Nacional do Azulejo (National Museum of Azulejo) is a Nativity painted in renaissance style and colours, topped by an Annunciation and flanked by the images of two Apostles, originally from the Nossa Senhora da Vida (Our Lady of Life) chapel of the now demolished Santo André (Saint Andrew) church in Lisbon. These azulejos were already specifically mentioned in 1721 for their exquisite quality in the important work Santuário Mariano, a collection of books by Fr. Agostinho de Santa Maria (1642-1728). This communication reviews the oldest known written sources on the panel and presents new research results on one of the most important testimonies of a technological continuity respecting the first decades of the production of majolica tiles in Portugal.Uma das jóias da coleção do Museu Nacional do Azulejo é uma natividade pintada ao gosto e nas cores do Renascimento, encimada por uma anunciação e ladeada pelas imagens de dois apóstolos. Pertenceu à Capela de Nossa Senhora da Vida, outrora da Igreja de Santo André, em Lisboa, entretanto demolida. O painel já havia sido referido em 1721 pela sua requintada qualidade na importante obra Santuário Mariano, uma coleção de livros redigidos por Fr. Agostinho de Santa Maria (1642-1728). Esta comunicação revê as fontes documentais mais antigas atualmente conhecidas que referem este painel e apresenta novos resultados na investigação de um dos mais importantes testemunhos de continuidade tecnológica referente às primeiras décadas de produção de azulejos de faiança em Portugal.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Six Sigma scale as a quality criterion for aggregation of food property measures

The EuroFIR (European Food Information Resource) quality management framework is a recent development to process standardization in data compilation for European Food Composition Data Banks. Data aggregation procedures taken from scientific literature as well as from analytical laboratory reports are still under discussion; however, the Six Sigma concept may be a useful approach, and therefore this work evaluates the concept. The Six Sigma approach was applied directly to analytical data taken from both laboratory reports and scientific literature. Sigma levels are calculated as indicators of laboratory test performance and the approach for data and laboratory selection is discussed. The results provide additional information on the quality of analytical data, allowing compilers and users to assess bias and imprecision for single and aggregate values. The Six Sigma approach is a complementary methodology to the quality methodologies already in use for data compilation processes and can be applied to further improve data quality.This work was completed on behalf of the EuroFIR Consortium and funded under the EU 6th Framework Food Quality and Safety Programme’, Contract No. FOOD-CT-2005-51394

Analytical study of the 16th century azulejo panel called “de Nossa Senhora da Vida” and related archaeologic findings

One of the jewels in the collections of the Museu Nacional do Azulejo (National Museum of Azulejo) is a renaissance azulejo panel representing the Annunciation and the Adoration of the Shepherds, originally from Nossa Senhora da Vida (Our Lady of Life) chapel of the now demolished Santo André (Saint Andrew) church in Lisbon. Before the chapel was demolished, in 1845, the panel was removed and put in storage, while a second panel, considered of lesser value, was left in place and presumably destroyed. An archaeological excavation in 2018 on the site of the church unearthed fragments of figurative azulejos, thought to be part of the lost panel. This paper includes the results of an analytical study of azulejos from both the Nossa Senhora da Vida panel and from the excavated shard, compares the results and discusses the possibility that the findings were indeed once part of the lost azulejo panel.Uma das joias das coleções do Museu Nacional do Azulejo é um painel de azulejos renascentista, com representações da Anunciação e da Adoração dos Pastores, originário da Capela de Nossa Senhora da Vida na já demolida Igreja de Santo André em Lisboa. Antes da demolição da capela, em 1845, o painel foi removido e colocado em depósito, enquanto um segundo painel, considerado de menor valor, foi deixado no lugar e presumivelmente destruído. Uma escavação arqueológica realizada em 2018 no local da igreja recuperou uma série de fragmentos de azulejos de um ou mais painéis figurativos. Este artigo inclui os resultados de um estudo instrumental dos azulejos do painel de Nossa Senhora da Vida e dos fragmentos encontrados no sítio da antiga Igreja de Santo André. Os resultados são comparados e discute-se a possibilidade de os fragmentos encontrados terem pertencido ao painel perdido.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio