Webinar: The CO2stCap project and overall results

[recording at IEAGHG available on youtube - see link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9tLLGKmMT9Y] The webinar will give an overview of the final results of the CO2stCap project. The CO2stCap-Project is a Norwegian-Swedish research initiative initiated in the Year 2015 to reduce the cost of carbon capture in the process industry by developing concepts for partial capture. The project focuses on four industrial processes that have process-related emissions of CO2 - that is, emissions are not only from heat supply but also part of the manufacturing process. Such emissions are likely to require CCS as they are difficult to reduce by measures like fuel-shift, electrification, or energy efficiency improvements. The project has showed that partial capture may reduce the cost for CO2 capture, and can be a first step for moving CCS forwards. Both technical and economical results will be presented at the webinar. Ragnhild Skagestad, SINTEF Industry will present " The CO2stCap project and overall results Max Bierman, Chalmers University will present " Scenario for near-term implementation of partial capture from blast furnace gases in Swedish steel industry" Anette Mathisen, SINTEF Industry will present " CO2 capture opportunities in the Norwegian silicon industry" Jens Wolf at RISE Bioeconomy will present " Partial Capture of CO2 From a Pulp Mill with Focus on Cost Reduction

Key Lessons from Tailoring Agile Methods for Large-Scale Software Development

We describe advice derived from one of the largest development programs in Norway, where twelve Scrum teams combined agile practices with traditional project management. The Perform program delivered 12 releases over a four-year period, and finished on budget and on time. In this article, we summarize 12 key lessons on five crucial topics, relevant to other large development projects seeking to combine Scrum with traditional project management.Comment: Accepted for publication in IEEE IT Professiona

An Experimental and Computational Investigation of Gas/Particle Flow in a Vertical Lifter

Experimental and computational investigations of dilute gas/particle flow in a vertical lifter are performed. The effect of superficial gas velocity, particle density, particle size distribution and particle loading on particle velocities, particle fluctuations and particle cross-moment have been studied experimentally using laser Doppler anemometry (LDA) and particle image velocimetry (PIV). The results from the experimental investigation is compared with the computational investigation using FluentR. The experimental measurements are performed on a lab-scale vertical lifter, consisting of a fluidizing silo and a receiving tank with a glass pipe in which the solids phase is transported. The particles are placed in the fluidization tank and transport air enters at the bottom of the silo. The transport pipe is suspended above the inlet and as the transport air passes the opening, the particles are dragged into the air flow and transported upwards to the receiving tank. Fluidizing air is used to control the particle loading in the system and supplied through a distribution plate. The test section of the transport pipe is made of glass to enable the use of the optical laser based investigation techniques, LDA and PIV. Two types of powders are used, ZrO2 and glass, each with two different particle size distributions, average diameter of 260 and 530 micron and 120 and 518 micron, respectively. The experimental techniques LDA and PIV are used to investigate a dilute gas/particle vertical flow. The two techniques are also evaluated for use on this type of flow. LDA is a single point measurement technique, which means that one point is measured at a time. The acquisition stops when a pre-set criteria is reached, this can either be based on sample number or time. A measurement spanning over the whole cross-section of the pipe consists of several points. These points makes up a cross-sectional profile. PIV on the other hand is a whole field technique and consequently the whole cross-section of the pipe is measured simultaneously. Within a given time interval two laser pulses light up the flow and the reflection of the particles is captured by a camera. Satisfactory measurements of all the particle types are performed using LDA. The mean axial and normal particle velocities and fluctuations as well as the cross-moment, are measured at varying particle volume fraction and superficial gas velocity. The value of the measured quantities will vary depending on the particle size, particle density, particle volume fraction and superficial gas velocity. A comparison between the particle types show that the mean axial particle velocity is highest for the lighter and smaller particles, but the fluctuations are greatest for the larger and heavier particles. For smaller particles LDA is a very efficient measurement tool. For the largest particles the acquisition can be time consuming due to relatively few particles in the system. PIV measurements are generally performed satisfactory on all of the particle types. The exception is measurements performed on the smaller particles at the higher particle volume fractions. The mean axial and normal particle velocities and fluctuations including the crossmoments are measured at varying particle volume fraction and superficial gas velocity. The results from the measurements show that the measured quantities will vary depending on the particle size, particle density, particle volume fraction and superficial gas velocity. When comparing the particle types, it is observed that the mean axial particle velocity is highest for the smaller and lighter particles while the fluctuations are lower than for the larger and heavier ones. The combination of particles larger than commonly used tracer particles and higher particle volume fractions is challenging, but overall the PIV technique works well. Comparison between LDA and PIV results show generally a good agreement for the mean axial particle velocity. The mean axial and normal particle fluctuations and the particle crossmoment are generally measured lower when using PIV. Simulations are performed using FluentR and the model Euler-Euler, where both phases are  regarded as being continua. The kinetic theory of granular flow (KTGF) is included for the solids phase. Initially only the single transport pipe is simulated in 2d and 3d. The flow in this pipe is dilute and therefore the simulations which included KTGF and the Gidaspow drag model are compared to simulations enabling the constant viscosity model (CVM) and the Schiller-Naumann drag model. The results from the simulations show very little difference between the two simulations. Euler-Euler with KTGF 2d and 3d simulations are performed for all of the particle types. Little difference between 2d and 3d simulations are observed. A comparison between simulations and experimental results, LDA and PIV, showed good agreement for axial particle velocity for all of the particle types. The upward transport of particles in a vertical pipe is also simulated using Euler-Lagrange. Here a number of particles are tracked and compared to the experiments with good agreement. Simulations of the vertical lifter, a silo containing the particles and a transport pipe, show that simulations using Euler-Euler including KTGF and the Gidaspow drag model over-predicted the particle volume fraction in the pipe compared to the experiments. The reason for this discrepancy is that the experimental set-up is modified to give low particle volume fractions in the transport pipe to enable the use of lasers to investigate the flow

Parental monitoring, involvement and school absence

Background: School absence represents a serious problem in adolescents’ development, as it may lead to severe consequences. Being absent from school is associated with social, psychological and health problems, and is the most important predictor of school dropout. A great deal of research across professional disciplines have strived to identify the factors that influence school absence, in order to expand the understanding of the problem, and for the purpose of developing effective interventions. The current study examined whether the parenting practices parental monitoring and involvement was associated with school absence in a sample of Norwegian adolescents. Methods: Data was collected from the youth@Hordaland-survey, distributed by the Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, RKBU Vest in 2012. The current study was based on 1257 parental respondents and adolescents registry data on school absence. The instruments on parental monitoring and involvement relied on selfreports. Socioeconomic status and parental warmth was included as control variables. Results: When studied continuously, school absence was significantly associated with risk of receiving less parental monitoring and involvement. When investigated categorically, parental monitoring was found to be significantly lower for adolescents with normal levels of school absence (3-15% absent), whereas adolescents with high levels (>15% absent) of school absence were at risk of receiving less parental involvement compared to adolescents with low levels of school absence (<3% absent). These findings could not be explained by levels of socioeconomic status nor warmth in the youth-parent relationship

The Geometry and Evolution of Supra-Salt Normal Fault Arrays

The structural style and evolution of normal fault arrays above mobile salt is less understood compared to those developed in rifts where strong variations in mechanical stratigraphy are absent. This research was performed to refine the understanding of the growth of supra-salt extensional fault arrays and how salt may impact the growth history and structural style of such arrays. To investigate the three-dimensional growth history of supra-salt fault arrays, detailed qualitative and quantitative analyses have been performed of fault geometry/morphology, throw distribution and syn-kinematic strata of fault arrays in two different salt basins (the techniques used in the analyses are presented in Paper I), the Egersund Basin, offshore Norway (Paper II &amp; IV) and Santos Basin offshore Brazil (Paper III). The first paper discusses how different techniques of fault analyses can be used to determine the style of growth of seismic-scale syn-sedimentary normal faults. It is presently known that normal faults can either grow via sympathetic increase in displacement and length (&lsquo;isolated model&rsquo;) or by rapid establishment of their nearfinal length prior to significant displacement accrual (&lsquo;coherent model&rsquo;). Application of quantitative techniques exemplified in Paper I can aid the assessment of the relative roles of the isolated and coherent fault models during crustal extension. Paper II discusses how growth of normal faults in multilayer sequences can occur by the use of a 3D seismic case study of a supra-salt fault array in the Egersund Basin, offshore Norway. The supra-salt fault array was initiated by re-activation of a pre-existing sub-salt fault array during the Late Triassic, mainly through kinematic coupling with the sub-salt fault array, before being buried during the Late Jurassic to Turonian times. Only parts of the fault array were reactivated during the Turonian, in response to salt mobilisation driven by basin inversion. Based on the three-dimensional fault analyses, we conclude that a combination of basement faulting and salt (re-) mobilisation is the driving mechanisms behind fault activation and reactivation. Reactivated faults are located where the underlying salt is thick, while the non-reactivated faults are found where salt is depleted. Even though the sub- and supra-salt faults are mainly geometrically decoupled through the salt, our findings suggest that a kinematic coupling existed as sub-salt faults still affected nucleation and localization of the cover faults. Paper III describes the evolution of supra-salt fault arrays within the S&atilde;o Paulo Plateau in the Santos Basin. Kinematic analyses reveal that the fault arrays formed during two discrete phases of deformation (Albian-to-Miocene fault arrays above salt anticlines and -plateau, and Oligocene-to-Present fault arrays above salt-walls). Albian to Miocene faulting likely reflects a combination of thin-skinned overburden extension, which drove reactive diapirism in relatively distal parts of the basin, and outer-arc extension-related faulting driven by regional contraction and overburden shortening. In contrast, the Oligocene-to-Present faults likely formed due to thin-skinned overburden extension above mature salt walls. We show that: (i) supra-salt fault growth can be protracted and polyphasal; (ii) it can be difficult to determine the triggers and drivers for supra-salt normal fault nucleation and growth; and (iii) domains of extension and contraction on saltbearing passive margin may not be mutually exclusive and may overlap in time and space. Paper IV discusses the geometry and growth of a normal fault array formed during the birth, growth and death of an array of salt structures. We show that the suprasalt fault array and salt structures developed in response to; (i) movement on a thick-skinned, basin bounding fault in the Late Triassic, causing salt mobilisation by base salt tilting and gliding, which in turn caused the nucleation and initial fault growth by thin-skinned extension. Overburden gravity gliding and stretching drove reactive diapirism and salt wall growth that continued into the Late Jurassic, when the salt stocks nucleated. The faults reached their near-full length during this time. The amount of fault growth during reactive diapirism during the Late Triassic-Late Jurassic was controlled by salt flow into the widening salt walls (though extension was driving the reactive diapirism); (ii) subsequent to reactive diapirism, diapir collapse due to along-strike migration of salt within the wall drove further fault growth, principally by displacement accrual in the Early Cretaceous, with active diapirism occurring simultaneously along strike; (iii) active diapirism occurring until the Neogene, which drove further salt wall collapse and fault growth near the diapirs. Our study supports physical model predictions, showcasing a threedimensional example of how protracted, multiphase salt diapirism can influence the structure and growth of normal fault arrays. This study has demonstrated how qualitative and detailed quantitative fault analyses of supra-salt fault arrays can be used to track the flow of salt and provide a contribution to the understanding of overburden deformation linked to salt mobilisation. Further, this research offers insight into the complex interplay between salt diapirism and faulting, showcasing three-dimensional natural examples of how multiphase salt diapirism can influence the structure and growth of normal fault arrays. Detailed investigation of the dynamics of supra-salt deformation, have implications for the prediction the four-dimensional flow of salt and can thereby provide us with a better understanding of the tectono-stratigraphic evolution of salt-influenced sedimentary basins

Foreldremonitorering, involvering og skolefravær

Background: School absence represents a serious problem in adolescents’ development, as it may lead to severe consequences. Being absent from school is associated with social, psychological and health problems, and is the most important predictor of school dropout. A great deal of research across professional disciplines have strived to identify the factors that influence school absence, in order to expand the understanding of the problem, and for the purpose of developing effective interventions. The current study examined whether the parenting practices parental monitoring and involvement was associated with school absence in a sample of Norwegian adolescents. Methods: Data was collected from the youth@Hordaland-survey, distributed by the Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, RKBU Vest in 2012. The current study was based on 1257 parental respondents and adolescents registry data on school absence. The instruments on parental monitoring and involvement relied on selfreports. Socioeconomic status and parental warmth was included as control variables. Results: When studied continuously, school absence was significantly associated with risk of receiving less parental monitoring and involvement. When investigated categorically, parental monitoring was found to be significantly lower for adolescents with normal levels of school absence (3-15% absent), whereas adolescents with high levels (>15% absent) of school absence were at risk of receiving less parental involvement compared to adolescents with low levels of school absence (15% fravær) hadde risiko for å ha foreldre som involverte seg i signifikant mindre grad i skolen. Hverken sosioøkonomisk status eller varme i relasjonen mellom ungdom og foreldre kunne forklare funnene.Hovedoppgave psykologprogrammetPROPSY317PRPSY

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) in Industry Sectors – Focus on Nordic Countries

AbstractSix CCS cluster cases specific to the Nordics countries have been identified based. The technical and economical aspect related to capture and transportation for these cases have been investigated. As this is an ongoing study the results are preliminary and storage is yet to be assessed, only the storage location is known. The end goal of the project is to assess the feasibility of the identified CCS cases based on the final technical and economical evaluation. The industries targeted in this study are oil and gas, cement, iron and steel, pulp and paper and heat and power. The industrial cases that have been investigated in this assessment involve all the Nordic countries and cover a wide variation of CO2 volume, distance between sources, number of sources and distance to storage. The capture costs, with the current assumptions, generally lie in the region of 40-50 EUR/ton and are mainly dependent on the size of the CO2 emission source. The transportation costs depend strongly on the CO2 volumes and the transportation distance, and were estimated to approximately 17-20 EUR/ton. Ship transportation seems to be the least expensive transportation method, however there are exceptions

Hvordan kan sykepleiere ivareta foreldre til alvorlig syke barn i sykehus?

Bakgrunn: Det har det skjedd store endringer og forbedringer når barn blir alvorlig syke og må bli innlagt på sykehus. Sykehusinnleggelse av barn representerer store utfordringer. Det kan selvfølgelig være traumatisk for barnet, men ikke minst en stor påkjenning for både foreldrene og søsken. Når er barn blir alvorlig og/eller kritisk syk rammer dette en hel familie og som sykepleier er det ikke lenger bare pasienten som skal ivaretas. Det vil være like vesentlig å ivareta foreldrene slik at de kan være en god samarbeidspartner og en viktig ressurs og trygghet for barnet. At barnet har foreldrene sine som støtte under oppholdet kan være avgjørende for opplevelsen av sykehusoppholdet. For at foreldrene skal være en ressurs, er det viktig at deres grunnleggende behov blir ivaretatt. Forekomsten av stress kan være stor blant foreldrene, det kan derfor være vesentlig for sykepleiere å vite hva som utløser stressreaksjon og hvordan stress påvirker dem. Bakgrunn for valg av tema er basert på egne erfaringer og interesse innenfor fagfeltet. Ut ifra egne erfaringer fra praksis har vi sett både engstelige og utslitte foreldre som må takle forskjellige utfordringer ved barnets sykehusinnleggelse. Vi ønsker derfor å belyse hvordan sykepleiere kan ivareta foreldre med alvorlig syke barn i sykehus. Problemstilling: En hel familie i krise! “Hvordan kan sykepleiere ivareta foreldre til alvorlig syke barn i sykehus?” Metode: En litteraturstudie - der det er hentet relevant fag- og forskningslitteratur, samt egne erfaringer for å belyse oppgavens problemstilling. Resultat: Når et barn blir alvorlig syk og må legges inn på sykehus er det ingen tvil om at det vekker sterke følelsesreaksjoner hos hele familien, og spesielt da hos foreldrene. Foreldrenes bekymringer og angst kan ofte bli blandet med følelser av usikkerhet, skyld, frykt og sorg. Gjennom arbeidet med denne oppgaven er det liten tvil om at alle foreldre trenger støtte og veiledning fra “oss” som sykepleiere. Vi er i en posisjon til å gjøre det beste ut av en vanskelig situasjon

Ultrasound intensify CO2 desorption from pressurized loaded monoethanolamine solutions. II. Optimization and cost estimation

acceptedVersio