Ensom i en social verden

Ungdomslivet beskrives typisk som socialt, dynamisk og fuldt af muligheder. Ikke desto mindre føler nogle unge sig udenfor og oplever samværet som tomt eller meningsløst. Med udgangspunkt i en landsdækkende spørgeskemaundersøgelse (N = 1009) belyser denne artikel ensomhed blandt gymnasieelever fra 46 forskellige skoler. Ensomhed var forbundet med symptomer på depression, angst, selvmordstanker og selvskade samt overvejelser om at stoppe på uddannelsen. Endvidere var social, familierelateret og kæresterelateret ensomhed forbundet med forskellige psykosociale faktorer og forskellige former for mistrivsel og risikoadfærd. Sammenfattende indikerer undersøgelsen, at ungdomsensomhed er et alvorligt tegn på mistrivsel, og at det er væsentligt at skelne mellem følelser af ensomhed, som knytter sig til forskellige sociale domæner

Fra selvskade til selvmord

Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicidal behavior can be viewed as two dimensions of self-harming behavior which differentiate in intention, frequency and mortality. In this review, we present different theoretical models which explain the link between NSSI and suicidal behavior. Furthermore, we review empirical findings regarding NSSI as a risk factor of suicidal behavior. The review indicates that NSSI is a strong and unique predictor of suicidal behavior and that NSSI is a better predictor of suicidal behavior than suicide ideation. Paradoxically, NSSI also seems to protect against later suicide behavior. Identification of self-injuring people at risk of later suicide may contribute to existing prevention interventions. According to the integrated model by Hamza and colleagues, perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness and acquired capacity to hurt one-self may influence whether NSSI leads to suicide. However, existing studies have reported mixed findings which is why more longitudinal studies of the integrated model are needed

Fra selvskade til selvmord

Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicidal behavior can be viewed as two dimensions of self-harming behavior which differentiate in intention, frequency and mortality. In this review, we present different theoretical models which explain the link between NSSI and suicidal behavior. Furthermore, we review empirical findings regarding NSSI as a risk factor of suicidal behavior. The review indicates that NSSI is a strong and unique predictor of suicidal behavior and that NSSI is a better predictor of suicidal behavior than suicide ideation. Paradoxically, NSSI also seems to protect against later suicide behavior. Identification of self-injuring people at risk of later suicide may contribute to existing prevention interventions. According to the integrated model by Hamza and colleagues, perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness and acquired capacity to hurt one-self may influence whether NSSI leads to suicide. However, existing studies have reported mixed findings which is why more longitudinal studies of the integrated model are needed

Social isolation and all-cause mortality: a population-based cohort study in Denmark.

Social isolation is associated with increased mortality. Meta-analytic results, however, indicate heterogeneity in effect sizes. We aimed to provide new evidence to the association between social isolation and mortality by conducting a population-based cohort study. We reconstructed the Berkman and Syme's social network index (SNI), which combines four components of social networks (partnership, interaction with family/friends, religious activities, and membership in organizations/clubs) into an index, ranging from 0/1 (most socially isolated) to 4 (least socially isolated). We estimated cumulative mortality and adjusted mortality rate ratios (MRR) associated with SNI. We adjusted for potential important confounders, including psychiatric and somatic status, lifestyle, and socioeconomic status. Cumulative 7-year mortality in men was 11% for SNI 0/1 and 5.4% for SNI 4 and in women 9.6% for SNI 0/1 and 3.9% for SNI 4. Adjusted MRRs comparing SNI 0/1 with SNI 4 were 1.7 (95% CI: 1.1-2.6) among men and 1.6 (95% CI: 0.83-2.9) among women. Having no partner was associated with an adjusted MRR of 1.5 (95% CI: 1.2-2.1) for men and 1.7 (95% CI: 1.2-2.4) for women. In conclusion, social isolation was associated with 60-70% increased mortality. Having no partner was associated with highest MRR