10,003 research outputs found
Spaceborne Passive Radiative Cooler
Radiative coolers are passive refrigeration devices for satellites and space probes that provide refrigeration for an infrared or other type of detector that operates at cryogenic temperatures. Typically a cooler can supply 20 mW of cooling at about 85 K, and over 500 mW of cooling at about 165 K. The exact cooler temperatures and heat loads are dependent upon the clear field of view of the cooler to space. Some features of the Arthur D. Little passive radiative cooler are given
Study of component technologies for fuel cell on-site integrated energy system. Volume 2: Appendices
This data base catalogue was compiled in order to facilitate the analysis of various on site integrated energy system with fuel cell power plants. The catalogue is divided into two sections. The first characterizes individual components in terms of their performance profiles as a function of design parameters. The second characterizes total heating and cooling systems in terms of energy output as a function of input and control variables. The integrated fuel cell systems diagrams and the computer analysis of systems are included as well as the cash flows series for baseline systems
Quantum Corrections in Quintessence Models
We investigate the impact of quantum fluctuations on a light rolling
quintessence field from three different sources, namely, from a coupling to the
standard model and dark matter, from its self-couplings and from its coupling
to gravity. We derive bounds for time-varying masses from the change of vacuum
energy, finding \Delta m_e/m_e << 10^{-11} for the electron and \Delta m_p/m_p
<< 10^{-15} for the proton since redshift z~2, whereas the neutrino masses
could change of order one. Mass-varying dark matter is also constrained. Next,
the self-interactions are investigated. For inverse power law potentials, the
effective potential does not become infinitely large at small field values, but
saturates at a finite maximal value. We discuss implications for cosmology.
Finally, we show that one-loop corrections induce non-minimal gravitational
couplings involving arbitrarily high powers of the curvature scalar R,
indicating that quintessence entails modified gravity effects.Comment: 10 pages + appendix, added reference
Estimation of a Covariance Matrix with Zeros
We consider estimation of the covariance matrix of a multivariate random
vector under the constraint that certain covariances are zero. We first present
an algorithm, which we call Iterative Conditional Fitting, for computing the
maximum likelihood estimator of the constrained covariance matrix, under the
assumption of multivariate normality. In contrast to previous approaches, this
algorithm has guaranteed convergence properties. Dropping the assumption of
multivariate normality, we show how to estimate the covariance matrix in an
empirical likelihood approach. These approaches are then compared via
simulation and on an example of gene expression.Comment: 25 page
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