Descoloração de corantes sintéticos por Basidiomicetos tropicais brasileiros

A presente pesquisa visou avaliar a viabilidade do emprego de 2 culturas de basidiomicetos isolados de ecossistemas tropicais - Peniophora cinerea (CCB 204) e Trametes villosa (CCB 291) - na remoção de corantes têxteis em meio aquoso sintético. Discos de crescimento micelial de ambas as culturas foram inoculados em frascos de 250 mL contendo 50 mL de meio líquido contendo (g/L): tartarato de amônia 0,45g, CuSO4 0,049g, MgSO4 0,05g, MnSO4 0,016g e KH2PO4 0,2g. A incubação foi feita de maneira estacionária, temperatura ambiente, durante 7 dias. Foram avaliadas concentrações de sacarose a 0,3%, 0,5%, 0,7% e 1,0% como fonte de carbono. Glicose (0,5%) foi usada como controle, em triplicata. A porcentagem de descoloração do efluente têxtil artificial (3% de NaCl, 0,2% de corante: Azul Brilhante de Remazol -RBBR- Sigma, Amarelo Cibacron ou Vermelho Cibacron) foi avaliada in vivo e in vitro para ambas as culturas, sem ajuste de pH, pela variação das absorbâncias (592, 432, 526 nm, respectivamente), 24 horas após a adição de 5 mL de cada efluente ao crescimento fúngico. Concluiu-se que, as maiores porcentagens de descoloração dos corantes foram obtidas pelo tratamento in vivo e in vitro, utilizando ambas as culturas CCB 204 e CCB 219, cultivadas em meio basal com 0,5% e 0,7% de sacarose, alcançando valores até 94,18%. Entretanto, ambas as linhagens apresentaram menores taxas de descoloração do Vermelho Cibacron, tanto “in vivo” quanto “in vitro”, sugerindo que outro mecanismo enzimático pode estar envolvido na descoloração deste corante

Convenio Marco con la Universidade Federal Do ABC (UFABC), Brasil.

El presente acuerdo tiene por objeto establecer y desarrollar relaciones de cooperación internacional entre ambas Instituciones mediante la colaboración académica, científica y cultura

Biodegradation of remazol brilliant blue R by ligninolytic enzymatic complex produced by Pleurotus ostreatus Biodegradação do azul brilhante de remazol R pelo complexo enzimático ligninolítico produzido por Pleurotus ostreatus

Pleurotus ostreatus ("shimeji") is produced in Brazil on a commercial scale using various lignocellulosic residues. Efforts have been made to reuse the culture residue to obtain products of greater aggregate value such as enzymes or in processes of bioremediation. We evaluated the Remazol brilliant blue R (RBBR) degradation potential of extracts from solid substrate colonized by P. ostreatus and extracts from residue of the "shimeji" mushroom yield. Colonized substrates and residue were provided by Toyobo do Brasil Ltda. Extraction was performed with sodium acetate buffer (50 mM, pH 4.6). RBBR decolorization was monitored at 592 nm and peroxidase and laccase activities were measured by monitoring the oxidation of ABTS. Horseradish peroxidase was used as reference. The time of growth of P. ostreatus influenced RBBR degradation and peroxidase and laccase activities. Concentration of 1 mM H2O2 and pH 4.0 were the best for RBBR decolorization. Complete RBBR decolorization was obtained with the addition of only one aliquot of 50 µL of 1 mM H2O2. The stability of the extracts was higher when they were kept under refrigeration than when stored frozen. The potential application of the ligninolytic complex derived from P. ostreatus and mushroom residue for xenobiotic degradation was demonstrated.<br>Pleurotus ostreatus ("shimeji") é produzido no Brasil em escala comercial empregando-se vários resíduos lignocelulósicos. Esforços têm sido feitos para reaproveitamento do resíduo do cultivo em produtos de maior valor agregado, como enzimas ou sua aplicação em processos de biorremediação. Foi feita avaliação do potencial de degradação do azul brilhante de remazol (RBBR) por extratos obtidos de substratos sólidos colonizados por P. ostreatus e por extratos do resíduo da produção do cogumelo "shimeji". Substratos colonizados e o resíduo foram fornecidos pela Toyobo do Brasil Ltda. Extração foi feita com tampão acetato de sódio (50 mM, pH 4,6). Descoloração do RBBR foi acompanhada a 592 nm e atividades de peroxidases e lacase pela oxidação do ABTS. Peroxidase da raiz forte (HRP) foi usada como referência. O tempo de crescimento de P. ostreatus influenciou a degradação do RBBR e a produção das atividades enzimáticas de peroxidases e de lacase. Concentração de 1 mM de H2O2 e pH 4,0 mostraram-se ótimos para descoloração do RBBR. Descoloração total do RBBR foi obtida com adição de apenas uma alíquota de 50 µL de H2O2 (1 mM). Maior estabilidade dos extratos foi obtida por refrigeração que por congelamento. Foi evidenciado o potencial de aplicação de extratos enzimáticos de Pleurotus ostreatus e do resíduo da produção do cogumelo para a degradação de compostos xenobióticos

Decolorization of CI Reactive Blue 222 by immobilized basidiomycetes in response to different carbon and nitrogen inputs

ABSTRACT Reactive dyes are found in the final effluents of the textile industry and cannot be removed by conventional treatment processes. The use of basidiomycetes appears to be an effective strategy to degrade dye molecules. In this paper, the parameters that favor decolorization of diazo dye were assessed using basidiomycetes immobilized in Luffa cylindrica. Different concentrations of saccharose and urea were assessed, in addition to the introduction of an enriched synthetic effluent. Results showed that the best decolorization occurred at the highest concentration of saccharose and the lowest of urea. It was observed a high biosorptive capacity of the solid support, which decreased when the effluent was enriched with saccharose and urea due to consequent increase in microbial activity. Using the enriched effluent, Pleurotus ostreatus decolorized about 70% within 48 hours, and Trametes villosa decolorized 58% after 240 hours. Peniophora cinerea did not respond to the conditions tested

Influence of pH on the growth, laccase activity and RBBR decolorization by tropical basidiomycetes

The basidiomycete fungi Lentinus crinitus and Psilocybe castanella are being evaluated in a bioremediation process of soils contaminated with organochlorine industrial residues in the Baixada Santista, São Paulo. The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of pH on the fungal growth, in vitro decolorization of anthraquinonic dye Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) and laccase activity. The pH of the culture medium influenced the growth of L. crinitus and P. castanella, which presented less growth at pH 5.9 and pH 2.7, respectively. The fungi were able to modify the pH of the culture medium, adjusting it to the optimum pH for growth which was close to 4.5. Decolorization of the RBBR was maximal at a pH of 2.5 to 3.5. Higher laccase activity was observed at pH 3.5 and pH 4.5 for L. crinitus and P. castanella, respectively. pH was found to be an important parameter for both the growth of these fungi and the enzymatic system involved in RBBR decolorization.Os fungos basidiomicetos Lentinus crinitus e Psilocybe castanella estão sendo avaliados em processo de biorremediação de solos contaminados com resíduos industriais organoclorados, na Baixada Santista, SP. O presente estudo avaliou a influência do pH no crescimento, na descoloração in vitro do corante Azul Brilhante de Remazol R (RBBR) e na atividade de lacase durante cultivo destes fungos, de forma a subsidiar a otimização do processo. O pH do meio influenciou o crescimento de L. crinitus e de P. castanella, com menor biomassa em pH 5,9 e pH 2,7, respectivamente. Os fungos foram capazes de modificar o pH inicial do meio de cultura, de modo a ajustá-lo ao valor ótimo de crescimento, próximo a 4,5. Descoloração in vitro do RBBR foi máxima em pH 2,5 e 3,5. Maiores atividades de lacase foram obtidas em pH 3,5 e em pH 4,5 para L. crinitus e P. castanella, respectivamente. Evidenciou-se que o pH é um parâmetro importante para o crescimento destes fungos, atividade de lacase e descoloração in vitro do RBBR

Decolorization of CI Reactive Blue 222 by immobilized basidiomycetes in response to different carbon and nitrogen inputs

<div><p>ABSTRACT Reactive dyes are found in the final effluents of the textile industry and cannot be removed by conventional treatment processes. The use of basidiomycetes appears to be an effective strategy to degrade dye molecules. In this paper, the parameters that favor decolorization of diazo dye were assessed using basidiomycetes immobilized in Luffa cylindrica. Different concentrations of saccharose and urea were assessed, in addition to the introduction of an enriched synthetic effluent. Results showed that the best decolorization occurred at the highest concentration of saccharose and the lowest of urea. It was observed a high biosorptive capacity of the solid support, which decreased when the effluent was enriched with saccharose and urea due to consequent increase in microbial activity. Using the enriched effluent, Pleurotus ostreatus decolorized about 70% within 48 hours, and Trametes villosa decolorized 58% after 240 hours. Peniophora cinerea did not respond to the conditions tested.</p></div

Physiological Characterization of Fungal Inoculum for Biotechnological Remediation of Soils

The aim of this work was to study the bioremediating potential of Lentinus crinitus CCIBt2611 according to the physiological condition of the inoculum. Inoculum was prepared using sugarcane ground husk (C:N 90), at several physiological ages and applied in soil contaminated with pentachlorophenol. The inoculum's potential was assessed by evaluating the mycelium's vigor at soil's colonization, determination of peroxidase and phenoloxidase activities, in vitro degradation of Remazol Brilliant Blue R and in vivo degradation of pentachlorophenol. The results showed that the assessed parameters were relevant to identify the quality of the inoculum. For L. crinitus, 10 day old inoculum showed good soil-colonization speed with significant enzymatic activities, indicating the role of Manganese-dependent peroxidase and laccase in degradation, and efficient degradation of pentachlorophenol