Polyaluminum chloride coagulation in drinking water treatment

Dissolved organic matter, DOC [mg C/L], is a representative parameter for the content of organic matter in natural waters. Along the A254 absorbance as a measure of organic compounds determined at X = 254nm UV [cm'1], DOC underlies the calculation of SUVA (Specific Ultraviolet Absorbance) = A254/DOC x 100 [L-m '-mg'1]. SUVA can be used to describe the composition of the water in terms of hydrophobic / hydrophilic character. The study results are presented in the coagulation process with pre-hydrolyzed aluminum salt, as a polyaluminum chloride (PAC1), a simple salt of Al, as an A1 sulfate (Alum), applied to surface water intended for drinking water. From SUVA values DOC removal efficiency in the coagulation process is estimated. SUVA = 2-4 estimated efficiencies of 25-50% removal in DOC. When using PAC1, DOC removal efficiency is within the range of 27-53%, and slightly lower when using Alum. SUVA values <2 indicate DOC removal efficiencies <25%. DOC removal efficiencies obtained from the use of Alum are within the range 5.6-8.4% and those obtained when used as coagulation agent PAC1 are in the range 20.8-23.8%

The Blue Pacific in Action:Solomon Islands' National Ocean Policy

Solomon Islands has embraced the regional Blue Pacific and Pacific Oceanscape concepts for sustainable oceans management and translated the core principles into national action. The Solomon Islands National Ocean Policy (SINOP; SIG 2018) was launched in November 2018 to safeguard its rich fishing grounds that provide food security, livelihoods and government revenue. It is a useful example of the political and multi-jurisdictional commitment required to apply regional ocean frameworks nationally. This In Brief draws on the insights of senior officials engaged in policy development to provide critical reflections on the challenges ahead for implementation

Interactive Sound in Performance Ecologies: Studying Connections among Actors and Artifacts

This thesis’s primary goal is to investigate performance ecologies, that is the compound of humans, artifacts and environmental elements that contribute to the result of a per- formance. In particular, this thesis focuses on designing new interactive technologies for sound and music. The goal of this thesis leads to the following Research Questions (RQs): • RQ1 How can the design of interactive sonic artifacts support a joint expression across different actors (composers, choreographers, and performers, musicians, and dancers) in a given performance ecology? • RQ2 How does each different actor influence the design of different artifacts, and what impact does this have on the overall artwork? • RQ3 How do the different actors in the same ecology interact, and appropriate an interactive artifact? To reply to these questions, a new framework named ARCAA has been created. In this framework, all the Actors of a given ecology are connected to all the Artifacts throughout three layers: Role, Context and Activity. This framework is then applied to one systematic literature review, two case studies on music performance and one case study in dance performance. The studies help to better understand the shaded roles of composers, per- formers, instrumentalists, dancers, and choreographers, which is relevant to better design interactive technologies for performances. Finally, this thesis proposes a new reflection on the blurred distinction between composing and designing a new instrument in a context that involves a multitude of actors. Overall, this work introduces the following contributions to the field of interaction design applied to music technology: 1) ARCAA, a framework to analyse the set of inter- connected relationship in interactive (music) performances, validated through 2 music studies, 1 dance study and 1 systematic literature analysis; 2) Recommendations for de- signing music interactive system for performance (music or dance), accounting for the needs of the various actors and for the overlapping on music composition and design of in- teractive technology; 3) A taxonomy of how scores have shaped performance ecologies in NIME, based on a systematic analysis of the literature on score in the NIME proceedings; 4) Proposal of a methodological approach combining autobiographical and idiographical design approaches in interactive performances.O objetivo principal desta tese é investigar as ecologias performativas, conjunto formado pelos participantes humanos, artefatos e elementos ambientais que contribuem para o resultado de uma performance. Em particular, esta tese foca-se na conceção de novas tecnologias interativas para som e música. O objetivo desta tese originou as seguintes questões de investigação (Research Questions RQs): • RQ1 Como o design de artefatos sonoros interativos pode apoiar a expressão con- junta entre diferentes atores (compositores, coreógrafos e performers, músicos e dançarinos) numa determinada ecologia performativa? • RQ2 Como cada ator influencia o design de diferentes artefatos e que impacto isso tem no trabalho artístico global? • RQ3 Como os diferentes atores de uma mesma ecologia interagem e se apropriam de um artefato interativo? Para responder a essas perguntas, foi criado uma nova framework chamada ARCAA. Nesta framework, todos os atores (Actores) de uma dada ecologia estão conectados a todos os artefatos (Artefacts) através de três camadas: Role, Context e Activity. Esta framework foi então aplicada a uma revisão sistemática da literatura, a dois estudos de caso sobre performance musical e a um estudo de caso em performance de dança. Estes estudos aju- daram a comprender melhor os papéis desempenhados pelos compositores, intérpretes, instrumentistas, dançarinos e coreógrafos, o que é relevante para melhor projetar as tec- nologias interativas para performances. Por fim, esta tese propõe uma nova reflexão sobre a distinção entre compor e projetar um novo instrumento num contexto que envolve uma multiplicidade de atores. Este trabalho apresenta as seguintes contribuições principais para o campo do design de interação aplicado à tecnologia musical: 1) ARCAA, uma framework para analisar o conjunto de relações interconectadas em performances interativas, validado através de dois estudos de caso relacionados com a música, um estudo de caso relacionado com a dança e uma análise sistemática da literatura; 2) Recomendações para o design de sistemas interativos musicais para performance (música ou dança), tendo em conta as necessidades dos vários atores e a sobreposição entre a composição musical e o design de tecnologia interactiva; 3) Uma taxonomia sobre como as partituras musicais moldaram as ecologias performativas no NIME, com base numa análise sistemática da literatura dos artigos apresentados e publicados nestas conferência; 4) Proposta de uma aborda- gem metodológica combinando abordagens de design autobiográfico e idiográfico em performances interativas

Modeling of Spiral Inductors

Non

Comparison of electromyogram reaction time at the onset of motion in badminton players at different competitive levels

In this study, we evaluated the electromyogram reaction time of femoral muscles at the onset of motion in college badminton players at different competitive levels, with the aim of clarifying the characteristics of the motor reaction processing in response to stimulation. The participants were seven male players from the team that won second place in the All Japan College Badminton Championship (high-performance group) and college badminton players with no experience in participating in national championship games (low-performance group). In both the 1-direction and 2-direction tasks, the action time was shorter, and the pre-motor time of femoral muscle activity was significantly shorter in the high-performance than in the low-performance group. In both tasks, significant differences were observed in the rate of increase in absolute EMG amplitude of the swing-out and push-out legs, and the values were higher in the high-performance than in the low-performance group. Results indicate that high-performance badminton players are able to move quickly by synchronizing the motor units of the rectus femoris muscle at the onset of motion and perform actions by exerting large joint torques.This work was supported by a Research Grant of the Health Science University

Model Pemberdayaan Hakim Pengawas dan Pengamat Berbasis Koordinasi dalam Mewujudkan Pengarusutamaan Hak Anak (PUHA) di Lapas Anak Kelas IIa KupangLembaga Pembinaan Khusus Anak Kupang (LPKA)

Model pemberdayaan Hakim Pengawas dan Pengamat merupakan model yang ditawarkan&nbsp;untuk mengatasi kesenjangan yang tampak dalam pelaksanaan pengawasan dan&nbsp;pengamatan oleh hakim di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan termasuk Lembaga Pemasyarakatan&nbsp;Anak/Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Anak (LPKA) membangun model pemberdayaan&nbsp;yang menghilangkan stigma negatif yaitu “mengintervensi tupoksi lapas anak” dan&nbsp;memperbaharui persepsi bahwa pemberdayaan hakim wasmat dapat mempengaruhi&nbsp;kebijakan dan konsep pemidanaan terutama terhadap pengarusutamaan hak anak (PUHA) di&nbsp;tahapan purna ajudikas. Masalah yang dikemukakan adalah bagaimana kinerja hakim wasmat&nbsp;mewujudkan hak anak di lapas Anak/LPKA. Apakah masalah yang dihadapi dan apakah&nbsp;solusi yang diambil memberdayakan hakim wasmat serta bagaimana model pembedayaan&nbsp;&nbsp;hakim wasmat. Berdasarkan metode penelitian deskriptif analisis dan bersifat kualitatif&nbsp;diperoleh hasil kajian bahwa kinerja hakim wasmat belum optimal dilaksanakan, dalam&nbsp;memberikan kontribusi perlindungan terhadap hak anak, adapun hambatan yang dihadapi&nbsp;terkait dengan sumber daya baik sumber daya manusia, anggaran, sarana prasarana, waktu,aturan teknis dan pemahaman. Solusi yang diambil, mengusahakan potensi sumber daya&nbsp;yang tersedia dan mengusahakan persepsi yang sama melalui berbagi secara informal dan&nbsp;formal mengenai masalah dan kebutuhan anak. Menemukan model koordinasi yang berbasis&nbsp;berbagi. Model ini diharapkann dapat memberikan kontribusi bagi pemidanaan terhadap&nbsp;anak dan pembinaan yang responsif Pengarusutamaan Hak Anak (PUHA) yang menjadi&nbsp;core dari Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak.&nbsp

Imperative of corporate governance on industry's profitability: An empirical study of privatized cement industry in Nigeria

Abstract. The study investigates the imperative of corporate governance on profitability of privatized cement industry in Nigeria. The variables studied were Rate of Returns as dependent variables and fourteen Corporate Governance proxies as independent variables. Data was collected from secondary sources, and the statistical tools employed in the Methodology were descriptive statistics and Pooled OLS regressions. The study aimed at bridging literature gap on studies that relate corporate governance and privatization policy in Nigeria. The results suggest that, no remarkable improvement of profitability post privatization due to challenges of exogenous factors such as macroeconomic environment instability and weak private sector. The industry witnessed changes in corporate governance such as adopting effective cost management and proactive business strategies, exposure to competition, withdrawal of Government subsidy and special grant post privatisation. Board Size and Workforce have positive and significant impact on Cement industry’s profitability, while, State Ownership, Institutional Ownership, Minority ownership, Percentage of Executive Directors and Privatization with time have negative and significant impact on company’s profitability. Conversely, Foreign Investors, Percentage of Non-Executive Directors and Percentage of Management Staff have positive and insignificant impact on the Cement industry’s profitability. Thus, it will be pertinent to conclude that the result has accepted Alternative Hypothesis that corporate governance has significant impact on the Cement industry’s performance (AROA), despite the challenges of microeconomic environment instability. The study recommends that, Government needs to stabilize macroeconomic environment and strengthen private sector. The Cement Industry needs to ensure right procedure of the selection of Non-Executive Directors, create incentive for foreign investor participation, ensure Payment of dividend, less government interference and accountability. Mechanisms such as efficient and independent audit committee, competent executive directors and professional management team need to be put in place to address the negative and insignificant impact of management staff on the industry.Keywords. Corporate governance, Profitability, Privatization, Cement industry.JEL. C01, C50, E10, E60, F02, F30, F41

Toward the adoption of design concepts in scoring for Digital Musical Instruments: a case study on affordances and constraints

This paper, we propose the idea that a score for a Digital Musical In- strument (DMIs) can be approached from a design perspective. In particular, we focus on the concepts of affordances and constraints. The paper describes the use of scores in a piece called XXV composed for Chimney, a DMI and Cello. Both the piece and the system are detailed with a focus on design concepts. In the conclusion we compare our approach to other literature that discuss the use of score with DMIs. Based on this, and the results obtained, we present recommendations regarding the use of score in DMIs. Future work is also outlined