Fertilizing No-Till Corn

Results of an experiment conducted in 1968 at Princeton, Kentucky on low phosphate soil showed that surface-applied phosphorus was sufficiently available to no-till corn to produce good yields. This experiment was repeated again in the 1969 growing season with the results well in line with those reported for 1968 in Agronomy Research (Misc. 377) pages 41-43

‘Showing people part of your life’: service-user experiences of taking and sharing photographs in a DBT-informed emotional coping skills group

The added value of using photographs to explore experiences has been embraced in research methods such as photo-elicitation and Photovoice. Despite evidence that photographs aid communication and understanding, there is little research investigating photograph use within cognitive behavioural therapy. This project explores participant experiences of taking and sharing photographs within a dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT)-informed emotional coping skills group intervention. Five service users were recruited from groups that had implemented the taking and sharing of photographs as a feature of homework tasks and feedback. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, using the photographs taken for the group as prompts, and interpretive phenomenological analysis was used to develop themes. Group evaluation data were used to support the analysis. Participants were positive about the impact of the photographs, despite initially experiencing anxieties regarding sharing them. The task supported them to express themselves in ways that added value to verbal feedback, which had benefits for group relationships and for the therapeutic tasks such as mindful observing. Further research is indicated, given the small sample and participants all being white, working-age females. However, the findings suggest that using photographs as homework tasks could support communication and the exploration of experiences that may be difficult to express using words

Vapor pressures of acetylene at low temperatures

The atmospheres of many of the outer planets and their satellites contain a large number of hydrocarbon species. In particular, acetylene (C2H2) has been identified at Jupiter, Saturn and its satellite Titan, Uranus and Neptune. In the lower atmospheres of these planets, where colder temperatures prevail, the condensation and/or freezing of acetylene is probable. In order to obtain accurate models of the acetylene in these atmospheres, it is necessary to have a complete understanding of its vapor pressures at low temperatures. Vapor pressures at low temperatures for acetylene are being determined. The vapor pressures are measured with two different techniques in order to cover a wide range of temperatures and pressures. In the first, the acetylene is placed in a sample tube which is immersed in a low temperature solvent/liquid nitrogen slush bath whose temperature is measured with a thermocouple. The vapor pressure is then measured directly with a capacitance manometer. For lower pressures, a second technique which was called the thin-film infrared method (TFIR) was developed. It involves measuring the disappearance rate of a thin film of acetylene at a particular temperature. The spectra are then analyzed using previously determined extinction coefficient values, to determine the disappearance rate R (where R = delta n/delta t, the number of molecules that disappear per unit time). This can be related to the vapor pressure directly. This technique facilitates measurement of the lower temperatures and pressures. Both techniques have been calibrated using CO2, and have shown good agreement with the existing literature data

Charge Symmetry Violation Effects in Pion Scattering off the Deuteron

We discuss the theoretical and experimental situations for charge symmetry violation (CSV) effects in the elastic scattering of pi+ and pi- on deuterium (D) and 3He/3H. Accurate comparison of data for both types of targets provides evidence for the presence of CSV effects. While there are indications of a CSV effect in deuterium, it is much more pronounced in the case of 3He/3H. We provide a description of the CSV effect on the deuteron in terms of single- and double- scattering amplitudes. The Delta-mass splitting is taken into account. Theoretical predictions are compared with existing experimental data for pi-d scattering; a future article will speak to the pi-three nucleon case.Comment: 16 pages of RevTeX, 7 postscript figure

Women’s experience of post-traumatic growth following a traumatic birth: an interpretive phenomenological analysis

Background Approximately 3–5% of women experience post traumatic stress disorder following birth; positive experiences that can follow traumatic birth are under researched. Aims and Objectives To explore how women experience post-traumatic growth following a traumatic birth. Methods Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis was used to explore experiences of women who self-identified as having found positive benefits through coping with a traumatic birth. Eight women who had birthed in the past five years in the UK were recruited online and interviewed face-to-face. Results Three superordinate themes were developed: ‘The total opposite to what I’d expected’ (participants’ struggle to understand and integrate their birth experience in the postnatal period); ‘I see it a bit differently now’ (processes experienced in coming to a place of growth); and ‘A much better place’ (experienced growth ‘outcomes’). Discussion Faced with shattered assumptions whereby their birth experiences contrasted with their expectations, participants felt their identities as women and mothers were challenged. In overcoming these challenges, participants described actively striving to cope and make sense of their experience. Multiple factors facilitated this, notably partner support, telling their birth story, acknowledging the impact and developing a compassionate narrative. Although growth was experienced in ways commonly reported by survivors of challenging life events, some aspects appeared pertinent to birth trauma. Conclusions Widening our understanding of the range of experiences following traumatic birth and making these narratives public may offer hope for some women and families and inform health professionals’ education and practice. Further research would be needed before advocating interventions to foster post-traumatic growth

Electroless Plating of Thin Gold Films Directly onto Silicon Nitride Thin Films and into Micropores

A method to directly electrolessly plate silicon-rich silicon nitride with thin gold films was developed and characterized. Films with thicknesses \u3c100nm were grown at 3 and 10°C between 0.5 and 3 hours, with mean grain sizes between ~20-30nm. The method is compatible with plating free-standing ultrathin silicon nitride membranes, and we successfully plated the interior walls of micropore arrays in 200nm-thick silicon nitride membranes. The method is thus amenable to coating planar, curved, and line-of-sight-obscured silicon nitride surfaces

Tev Observations of the Variability and Spectrum of Markarian 421

Markarian 421 was the first extragalactic source to be detected with high statistical certainty at TeV energies. The Whipple Observatory gamma-ray telescope has been used to observe the Active Galactic Nucleus, Markarian 421 in 1996 and 1997. The rapid variability observed in TeV gamma rays in previous years is confirmed. Doubling times as short as 15 minutes are reported with flux levels reaching 15 photons per minute. The TeV energy spectrum is derived using two independent methods. The implications for the intergalactic infra-red medium of an observed unbroken power law spectrum up to energies of 5 TeV is discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, to appear in proceedings of 25 ICRC (Durban

TeV Observations of the Variability and Spectrum of Markarian 501

Markarian 501 is only the second extragalactic source to be detected with high statistical certainty at TeV energies; it is similar in many ways to Markarian 421. The Whipple Observatory gamma-ray telescope has been used to observe the AGN Markarian 501 in 1996 and 1997, the years subsequent to its initial detection. The apparent variability on the one-day time-scale observed in TeV gamma rays in 1995 is confirmed and compared with the variability in Markarian 421. Observations at X-ray and optical wavelengths from 1997 are also presented.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, to appear in proceedings of 25th ICRC (Durban