Public Education in Buffalo and the Region

The biggest problem facing Buffalo’s public schools is the fact that many students live in poverty, while at the same time being segregated from students from wealthier communities who tend to enjoy better educational opportunities and rates of academic success. Buffalo shares many of the problems of large cities in the United States, largely caused by high concentrations of poverty in urban areas. In 2009, about 59% of students served by urban school districts located in the metropolitan areas of the 50 largest U.S. cities graduated, compared with 77% in nearby suburban communities. In Western New York, all of Buffalo Business First’s highest ranked public high schools except City Honors are located in affluent suburbs: Williamsville, East Aurora, Clarence, Lewiston-Porter, etc. The thirteen lowest ranked high schools are in the City of Buffalo

Vacant and Abandoned Housing in Buffalo

Buffalo has the oldest housing stock in the nation, with the largest percentage (67%) of homes built before 1940. In Erie County in 2013 there were 275 cases of elevated lead levels in children. The City of Buffalo has three of five zip codes in state with worst lead poisoning levels and accounts for roughly 95% of county lead cases. As of 2008, 13%-22% of children in the City suffered from asthma. In 2006, the City received 7,460 calls regarding housing violations and 1,612 regarding violations at vacant houses

The CO-12 and CO-13 J=2-1 and J=1-0 observations of hot and cold galaxies

Researchers observed the nuclear regions of the galaxies NGC 2146 and IC 342 in CO-12 and CO-13 J=1-0 and J=2-1 lines using the Five College Radio Astronomy Observatory (FCRAO) 14m telescope. NGC 2146 is a peculiar Sab spiral galaxy. Its complex optical morphology and strong nuclear radio continuum emission suggest that it is experiencing a phase of violent activity and could have a polar ring which may have resulted from an interaction. IC 342 is a nearby luminous Scd spiral galaxy. Strong CO, infrared and radio continuum emission from the nuclear region of IC 342 indicate enhanced star-forming activity, and interferometric CO-12 J=1-0 observations reveal a bar-like structure centered on the nucleus, along the dark lane in the NS direction. These two galaxies are selected based on their different dust temperatures and star formation efficiencies (SFE) as derived from the Infrared Astronomy Satellite (IRAS) S sub 60 mu/S sub 100 mu flux density ratio and L sub IR/M(H2), respectively, with a relatively high SFE and dust temperature of 45 K in NGC 2146 and a relatively low SFE and dust temperature of 35 K in IC 342. The data from the different CO-12 and CO-13 lines are used to study the physical conditions in the molecular clouds in the galaxies. Researchers also consider the radiative transfer to determine whether a warm and optically thin gas component exists in these galaxies, as has been suggested in the case of M82 (Knapp et al. 1980), and whether the warm gas is related to the dust properties. Since optically thin CO-12 gas is rarely detected in our own Galaxy (except in outflow sources), to confirm its existence in external galaxies is very important in understanding the molecular content of external galaxies and its relationship to star formation activity. The present CO-12 J=2-1 and CO-13 J=2-1 and J=1-0 data for NGC 2146 are the first detections of this galaxy to our knowledge. The CO-12 J=1-0 distribution in NGC 2146 has been measured as part of the FCRAO Extragalactic Survey. For the well-studied IC 342, the data are compared with 30m observations and other available data. Researchers present the observed results

Regge trajectory of the f_0(500) resonance from a dispersive connection to its pole

We report here our results on how to obtain the Regge trajectory of a resonance from its pole in a scattering process by imposing analytic constraints in the complex angular momentum plane. The method, suited for resonances that dominate an elastic scattering amplitude, has been applied to the {\rho}(770) and the f_0(500) resonances. Whereas for the former we obtain a linear Regge trajectory, characteristic of ordinary quark-antiquark states, for the latter we find a non-linear trajectory with a much smaller slope at the resonance mass. This provides a strong indication of the non-ordinary nature of the sigma meson.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the "Seventh International Symposium on Chiral Symmetry in Hadrons and Nuclei

Are currency crises self-fulfilling? The case of Argentina

This paper analyzes the 2002 Argentine crisis using the Jeanne and Masson (2000) model with sunspots. Testing this model empirically through a Markov-switching model suggests that self-sulfilling prophecies is a reasonable explanation for the devaluation of the peso

Undefining Man: A Case for Symbolic Animal Communication via Refutation of Kenneth Burke\u27s Definition of Man

There have been tendencies in various fields to use communication as a way of differentiating humans and other species. Even when individuals are confronted with empirical evidence to the contrary, many still hold onto the notion that humans are in a communicative position clearly divergent in all ways from animals. This thesis will utilize Kenneth Burke\u27s Definition of Man as a launching point to support a claim that animals utilize their conscious cognitive abilities to communicate symbolically

Strong Stability of Cotangent Bundles of Cyclic Covers

Let $X$ be a smooth projective variety over an algebraically closed field $k$ of characteristic $p>0$ of $\dim X\geq 4$ and Picard number $\rho(X)=1$. Suppose that $X$ satisfies H^i(X,F^{m*}_X(\Omg^j_X)\otimes\Ls^{-1})=0 for any ample line bundle \Ls on $X$, and any nonnegative integers $m,i,j$ with $0\leq i+j<\dim X$, where $F_X:X\rightarrow X$ is the absolute Frobenius morphism. We prove that by procedures combining taking smooth hypersurfaces of dimension $\geq 3$ and cyclic covers along smooth divisors, if the resulting smooth projective variety $Y$ has ample (resp. nef) canonical bundle $\omega_Y$, then \Omg_Y is strongly stable $($resp. strongly semistable$)$ with respect to any polarization.Comment: To appear in Comptes Rendus Math\'ematiqu

CO observations of galaxies with the Nobeyama 45-M telescope

High-resolution (15 inch), filled aperture maps of the CO (J = 1-0) line emission were obtained for several nearby, CO-bright galaxies like M82, M83, IC342, and NGC891 in order to study star forming activity in these galaxies