KETAHANAN PAPAN KOMPOSIT DARI LIMBAH KAYU SENGON DAN KARTON TERHADAP RAYAP KAYU KERING DAN RAYAP TANAH

URL: http://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/perennial/article/view/56This study was aimed to analyze the resistance of composites board made from wafer and carton or paper overlaid on drywood termite and subterranean termite. Materials used in this study were wafer from sengon wood (Paraserianthes falcataria L. Nielsen), water based polymer isocyanate adhesive, veneer, and several kind of carton and paper such as duplex carton, recycle carton, corrugate board, and waste of cement sack. The target density was 0.65 g/cm3, while the resin solid content was 6%. The result of this study showed that no significantly different on infection rate of drywood termite among of composite board types and solid wood. The weight loose of composites board were 1.2???3.8%, while solid wood was 2.7%. Composites board more favorable to infection Macrotermes gilvus than solid wood. The weight loose of composites board were 19.3 ??? 28.8%, while solid wood was 12.6%

Binderless Particleboard Resistance to Termite Attack

URL: http://www.forestprod.org/buy_publications/forest_products_journal.phpThree particleboard types, including urea-formaldehyde (UF), melamine-formaldehyde (MF), and binderless, were made from three wood species, sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria), gmelina (Gmelina arborea), and mindi (Melia azedarach). Wood particle sizes of 10 to 20 mesh were manufactured for the 30 by 30 by 0.7-cm (length by width by thickness) boards, with 0.75 g/cm3 as the density target. Binderless particleboards were made through particle activation with hydrogen peroxide and ferrous sulfate as the catalyst, and the boards were hot pressed at 180??C for 12 minutes. For the purpose of comparison, conventional particleboards were made with UF and MF, with the resin level at 10 percent and the boards hot pressed at 120??C for 7 minutes. All particleboards were conditioned for 8 months prior to testing against the subterranean termite (Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren) in laboratory and field tests, and against the dry wood termite (Cryptotermes cynocephalus Light) in laboratory tests. Results showed that wood species affected particleboard resistance in both of the subterranean termite tests and that the type of particleboard affected board resistance in field tests. Particleboard from sengon wood had the lowest resistance in both tests, followed by from gmelina and mindi woods, and particleboards with UF and MF resins had better resistance than binderless particleboard in field tests. Particleboard type and wood species did not affect board resistance to dry wood termite attack

Pengaruh Penambahan Lapisan Karton Daur Ulang Terhadap Kualitas Papan Komposit

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan lapisan korban daur ulang terhadap kualitas papan komposit yang terbuat dari dua jenis kayu cepat tumbuh serta geometri partikel yang berbeda. Parameter kualitas yang dianalisis terdiri atas sifat fisik dan sifat mekanis. Bahan yang digunakan adalah wafer dan serutan dari jenis sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria L. Nielsen) dan kayu akasia (Acacia mangium), perekat water based polymer isocyanate, serta karton daur ulang. Kerapatan sasaran papan ditetapkan sebesar 0,7 g/cm3, sementara kadar perekat padatan adalah 6% dari berat kering partikel dan bahan pelapis. Parameter sifat fisik dan mekanis yang diuji meliputi kadar air, pengembangan tebal, keteguhan patah, modulus elastisitas dan keteguhan rekat. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut: 1) Penambahan lapisan karton secara umum meningkatkan kekuatan mekanis papan, 2) Papan komposit yang terbuat dari partikel berbentuk wafer memiliki nilai sifat fisik dan mekanis yang lebih baik dari papan yang terbuat dari partikel berbentuk serutan, 3) Sifat fisik papan yang terbuat dari jenis kayu akasia cenderung lebih baik dari pada yang dibuat dari jenis kayu sengon, 4) Keteguhan patah dari papan yang terbuat dari kayu sengon lebih tinggi dari akasia, akan tetapi nilai modulus elastisitasnya lebih rendah

Physical and Mechanical Properties of Binderless Particleboard Made from Candlenut Wood Using Various Pretreatments

Development of binderless particleboard technology by oxidation treatment indicated that the product has a number superior characteristic, especially in term of dimensional stability and modulus of elasticity. The aim of this research was to analyze the influence of particle pretreatment on physical and mechanical properties of particleboard. The material used was particle from candlenut wood (Aleurites moluccana) which passed 10 mesh sieves in size. The particle in dry-air condition were pretreated as following: immersion in boiling water for 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 45 minutes, and 60 minutes, immersion in cold water for 48 hours, immersion in NaOH 1 % solution for an hour, and particle without pretreatment as control. The pretreated particle were air-dried and oxidized with 20 % hydrogen peroxide based on particle dry-weight and 5 % ferrous sulphate based on weight of hydrogen peroxide. Particles which have oxidized then utilized to produce binderless particleboard with board density target of 0.75 g cm-3. The results of this research indicated that the best characteristic of particleboard was the board that produced from particle without any pretreatment. This phenomenon indicated that existence of any extractive substance did not have any negative influence to binderless particleboard which was produced by oxidation methods. Compared with JIS A 5908, binderless particleboard which was made from particle without pretreatment fulfilled almost all of parameter in the standard, except in modulus of rupture which has slightly lower value, (79.11 kgf cm-2) compared with minimum 80 kgf cm-2 in standard

Hydrogen Peroxide and Ferrous Sulphate Activated Wood Particles for Binderless Particleboard

A series of study have been conducted to analyze the effect of pretreatments and particle sizes on physical and mechanical properties of binderless particleboard (BP). The BP made of particles from sengon wood (Paraseranthes falcataria L Nielsen) and pine wood (Pinus mercusii Jungh et. de. Vriese) which passed through 10 mesh sieve, were used to analyze the effect of particle pretreatments. The pretreatments were: the 30 minutes immersion in boiling water; the immersion in boiling water followed by oxidation using hydrogen peroxide and ferrous sulphate; and oxidation using hydrogen peroxide and ferrous sulphate without immersion in boiling water. The results showed that the best phisycal and mechanical properties was found in board made from sengon wood particle with oxidation using hydrogen peroxide without immersion in boiling water; It had the internal bond (IB) of 6.95 kgf cm-2 and the thickness swelling (TS) of 5.74%. In the next step, the sengon wood with several particles sizes namely; passed through 20 mesh, 10 mesh, 5 mesh, 2.5 mesh, and shaving were used to produced BP. The results indicated that the MOR decreases when the particle size increases, whilst the IB, MOE, and TS were relatively similar for all particle sizes

Particle Oxidation Time for the Manufacture of Binderless Particleboard

The oxidation treatment using hydrogen peroxide and ferrous sulphate of wood particles can form free radicals of the wood chemical components essentially required in manufacturing binderless particleboard. The oxidation process is expected to have a certain optimal time. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze relationship between the oxidation time and the characteristic of produced binderless particleboard. Three wood species from community forest, namely, sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria), gmelina (Gmelina arborea), and mindi (Melia azedarach) were used for treatment. The air-dried wood particles of 10~20 mesh in size were oxidized using 20% hydrogen peroxide based on particle dry-weight and 5% ferrous sulphate based on hydrogen peroxide weight. The oxidized particles were conditioned in room at different periods of time (15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 min) prior to the board production. The oxidized and conditioned particles were then hot-pressed at 180???C for 15 min with a specific pressure of 25 kgf cm-2. Results showed that oxidation treatment for 15 min was sufficient to produce a binderless particleboard with good physical and mechanical properties. The characteristics of the particleboard, such as dimensional stability, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, and internal bond were equivalent to that of particleboard made of particles with a longer oxidation time. The particle board made of sengon showed excellent thickness swelling (only 5.04%) and modulus of elasticity (37.184 kgf cm-2). This research result indicated that sengon was the most suitable raw material for binderless particleboard production compared to other observed wood species

Resistance of preservative treated mahogany wood to subterranean termite attack

Mahogany wood (Swietenia sp.), which is mostly used for furniture production in the Jepara (Central Java), a center of wood furniture production in Indonesia, was harvested from plantation and community forests. The trees were cut at 8–15 years of age and contained a large percentage of juvenile wood. This wood is very susceptible to attack by biodeterioration organisms, and preservatives are used to increase its durability. To evaluate the effectiveness of preservatives applied at three furniture factories, subterranean termite (Coptotermes curvignathus) laboratory testing was done. Results were expressed in terms of percent wood weight loss, termite mortality, and termite feeding rate. The preservatives used were permethrin and chlorpyrifos, which were applied by brushing or soaking methods. The results showed that retention varied from 0.012 to 0.070 kg/m3, and the preservatives very effectively protected the wood from subterranean termite attack. The improved durability of the preserved wood was indicated by significant differences between treated and untreated wood in terms of percent wood weight loss, termite mortality, and termite feeding rate

Optimization of Oxidator Level to Produce Binderless Bamboo Particleboard

Oxidation treatment of bamboo particle would be considered as one of the alternative methods to produce binderless particleboard. Since most of composite panels including particleboard is manufactured using formaldehyde base adhesive emission from the product is a main concern in contrast to binderless panels which don???t cause such problem. The main objective of this research was to determine the optimal level of hydrogen peroxide and ferrous sulphate as oxidator in particleboard manufacture. Four levels of hydrogen peroxide, namely 5, 10, 15, and 20 % based on dry particle weight and two levels of oxidator 5 and 7.5 % based on hydrogen peroxide weight were used to produce experimental panels with a target density of 0.75 g cm-3. The results showed that increasing of oxidator level improved overall physical and mechanical properties of the samples. Nevertheless increasing of hydrogen peroxide level from 15 to 20 % did not show any significant improvement. Therefore, it seems that the most optimal level of oxidator is combination of 15% hydrogen peroxide and 7.5% ferrous sulphate from the point of economical aspect. Based on Japanese Standard (JIS A 5908 2003) combination of both oxidator fulfilled all of physical and mechanical parameters of particleboard type 8 with an exception of modulus of rupture

PENGARUH UKURAN PARTIKEL TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK DAN MEKANIS PAPAN PARTIKEL TANPA PEREKAT BERBAHAN BAKU BAMBU

The succesfull of oxidation process in binderless particleboard manufacturing is\ud expected to be influenced by accessibility of chemical component of bamboo particles\ud by oxidator. Therefore there is an optimum particle dimensions which capable to\ud produce particleboard with the best characteristics. This study was aimed to determine\ud the optimal size of particle in the manufacture of binderless particleboard by using\ud bamboo as raw material. Andong bamboo particles (Gigangtochloa pseudoarundinaceae) produced in the two groups. The first group were sorted bamboo\ud particles using single shieve namely passes 20 mesh, 10 mesh, 5 mesh, 2.5 mesh and\ud slivers. The second group were sorted particles using double shieve namely pass the 5\ud mesh / retained 10 mesh, pass 10 mesh / retained 20 mesh, and pass 20 mesh / 40\ud retained mesh. Each particles were oxidized with using hydrogen peroxide 20% based\ud on dry-weight of particles and ferrous sulphate 5% based on weight of hydrogen\ud peroxide. Oxidized particles then made into mat and hot pressed at a temperature of\ud 180 oC for 15 minutes. The size of the board were 30 x 30 x 0.7 cm with a target\ud density of 0.75 g cm-3. Particle board then conditioned for 2 weeks prior to the physical\ud and mechanical properties were tested according to JIS A 5908 2003. The results\ud showed that particle size which suitable as raw material for the manufacture of\ud binderless particleboard was particle size pass 5 mesh, 10 mesh, or 20 mesh. The\ud values of dimensional stability, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, and internal\ud bond were fullfill JIS A 5908 2003. Use of the double shieve cause decreasing of\ud mechanical properties of the board which indicates that fine particles play an important\ud role in bonding formation between particles of bamboo

The Resistance of Binderless Particleboard againts Subterraean Termites Coptotermes curvignatus Holmgren Attack

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the resistance of binderless particleboard on subterranean termite attack. Material used in this study were andong bamboo (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinaceae) and three Species of wood community forest namely, Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria), Gmelina (Gmelina arborea) and Mindi (Melia azadarach). Binderless particleboard were produced by oxidizing particles then hot pressed at a temperature of 180oC for 15 minutes. 150 workers and 15 Soldier of Subterranenan termite (Coptotemes curvignatus Holmgren) collected from a nest then put in the container paralon pipe with 80 mm, 60 mm in diameter and height respectively, and coated on the bottom 10 mm thick gypsum. Sample size tested were 20 x 20 x 7 mm and exposed in container fot three weeks. Parameter observed was the weight loss due to termite attack. For comparison, in this study also produced a convetional particle board using urea formaldehyde resin (UF). The results showed that the highest weight loss was found in bamboo particleboard, followed by Sengon, Mindi, and Gmelina. This phenomenon were found both in the binderless particleboard or particleboard with UF resin. Weight loss of binderless particleboard were higher (1.49% - 7.42 %) compared to those of particleboard using UF resin (0,01-1,64 %). Weight loss of binderless particleboard with various levels o hydrogen peroxide tend to increase when hydrogen peroxide content increases, but no particular trend related to catalyst ferrous sulphate content