WEBSITE QUALITY ASSESSMENT. A CASE STUDY OF GSM HOSTING FORUM

The ever-growing amount of data on mobile phones, tablets, and smart electronic devices on the Internet and the need to use this data to address problems highlight the importance of the evaluation and validation of data-sharing websites. The GSMHOSTING website plays a key role in communicating and providing services to its users in terms of repairing mobile phones and smart electronic devices. The purpose of this study was to determine its quality from the perspective of mobile phone repair technicians. These technicians were 100 people from Birjand in South Khorasan province (Iran) who used GSMHOSTING website as a reference. The website quality assessment study was conducted in the summer of 2020. The study applied a descriptive survey and cross-sectional method based on a questionnaire. The questionnaire included 11 website dimensions: Routing, Information, Delivery, Apparent Features, Security, Reputation, Society, Entertainment, Provided goods and services, Reliability, Trust. Scores were given on a Likert scale. The validity of the questionnaire was determined using the opinions of web experts. The SPSS software and descriptive and inferential statistics methods were used to analyze data. The results indicated that the average quality of this website was acceptable in terms of technicians’ goals.  Addressing problems highlighted some of the website dimensions that will increase the overall quality of the website to support technicians in their activities

Al-Khayyâm mathématicien. Paris, Librairie scientifique et technique Albert Blanchard (Collection science dans l’histoire), 1999, x + 428 p.

Ce livre présente une édition critique, à partir de tous les manuscrits connus, de presque tout ce qui nous est parvenu de l’œuvre mathématique de Ḫayyām : traité d’algèbre (pp. 116-237), traité sur « la division d’un quart de cercle » (pp. 238-67), et « commentaire sur les difficultés de certains postulats de l’ouvrage d’Euclide » (pp. 305-83). Chaque traité est accompagné d’une traduction méticuleuse en français et précédé d’un commentaire mathématique dans lequel l’auteur (Rashed, pp. 31-1..

Game Theory Solutions in Sensor-Based Human Activity Recognition: A Review

The Human Activity Recognition (HAR) tasks automatically identify human activities using the sensor data, which has numerous applications in healthcare, sports, security, and human-computer interaction. Despite significant advances in HAR, critical challenges still exist. Game theory has emerged as a promising solution to address these challenges in machine learning problems including HAR. However, there is a lack of research work on applying game theory solutions to the HAR problems. This review paper explores the potential of game theory as a solution for HAR tasks, and bridges the gap between game theory and HAR research work by suggesting novel game-theoretic approaches for HAR problems. The contributions of this work include exploring how game theory can improve the accuracy and robustness of HAR models, investigating how game-theoretic concepts can optimize recognition algorithms, and discussing the game-theoretic approaches against the existing HAR methods. The objective is to provide insights into the potential of game theory as a solution for sensor-based HAR, and contribute to develop a more accurate and efficient recognition system in the future research directions

Epidemiology of traumatic spinal cord injury: The substantial role of imaging methods

Background and aims: One of the most common injuries around the world is the traumatic injury of the spine and spinal cord with unknown worldwide situation of traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) affecting on the effectiveness of preventive policy programs. In addition, because of possibility of making paralysis, the potential injury to the spine could be one of the most important traumas and a major cause of disability. Methods: This research is a review study. Initial studies had focused on the descriptive epidemiology, considering incidence rates, age, gender, race, etiology and level and completeness of injury, but the recent researches are focusing on identifying of the high-risk groups, making awareness, establishing trends, predicting the needs, and thus contributing to effective health care planning of this condition. Results: An important part of the prognosis, diagnosis and management of acute and chronic spinal trauma could be diagnostic medical imaging. While spinal cord and soft-tissue injuries could be evaluated better by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); spine fractures could be characterized better by computed tomography (CT). Conclusion: Imaging using CT and MRI is essential in the management of acute/chronic spinal cord injuries. The problem could be that due to fear of clinicians from missing occult spine injuries, they ask radiographs for almost all injured patients. It is recommended that a National Registry for spinal cord injuries be established by the national Ministry of Health, so that the etiological pattern of spinal cord injuries in the world can be known

Quantitative Risk assessment for 35 KM oil transfer pipeline leakage from Mansouri oil field to Ahwaz booster pump with QRA and Olga dynamic modeling

The extensive and detailed network of oil and gas transmission lines in the National Oil Company passes through overpasses and underpasses in various places. The 33 km oil pipeline from Mansouri oil field to Booster Ahvaz, will bring many personal and environmental risks from residential areas. In order to assess the risk of constructing this pipeline, the amount of oil release in three different types of small, medium and large leaks was evaluated hydraulically and dynamically by OLGA software. Among the 6 analyzed scenarios, in the case of complete pipeline rupture about 220 tons of oil will be released in the environment within 5 minutes, which will cause many individual, and environmental risks. At the next step, the consequences of leaking this amount of oil were evaluated with PHAST software. Based on the results, the maximum safe space related to individual risk has been created in the vicinity of Masharahat village, where the individual risk area of the ALARP is 760 meters away and near the village of Abu Bakriyeh 730 meters from the center of the oil pipeline, and practically a part of the mentioned villages is in Within the ALARP zone, individual risk is placed. By installing line break valves in the middle and end of the pipeline, trying to reduce the corrosion rate of the pipeline, trying to reduce human errors in incorrect operation of the line will reduce the risk of using the pipeline, especially in places where the line is located near the mentioned villages

The Ability of Ultrasonic Characterization to Extract the Dose Distribution of MAGIC-f Polymer Gel

Background & Aims: Today, different imaging techniques have been studied in the reading of radiationsensitive polymer gels dosage. Due to limitations of imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT), ultrasound techniques are proposed for dose-dependent parameter extraction. In this study, using MAGIC-f (methacrylic and ascorbic acid in gelatin initiated by copper with added formaldehyde) polymer gel and megavoltage radiation energy, the dose-dependent parameters of speed of sound and broadband ultrasonic attenuation (BUA) were evaluated. Methods: MAGIC-f polymer gel was irradiated with 1.25 MeV of Cobalt-60 and received a uniform dose in the range of 0 to 60 Gy in 2 Gy steps (2% accuracy). After calibration of ultrasound system with 500 kHz frequency, the parameters of speed of sound and BUA coefficient of exposed polymer gel samples were measured. Based on the dose-response curve, the ability of the ultrasound parameters in reading the absorbed dose was investigated. To evaluate the reasonable time interval with the most sensitive reading of the ultrasound method, samples were studied 3, 24, 36, and 48 hours after irradiation. To study the temperature readings, the gel samples irradiated at 5, 15, and 25 °C were studied. Results: The relationship of variation of speed of sound and attenuation coefficient and quality index (QI) with absorbed dose 3, 24, 36, and 48 hours after irradiation of gels are shown with a fourth-order polynomial fit. The results show that ultrasonic parameters have higher sensitivity 24 hours after irradiation. The sensitivity of dose-speed of sound and attenuation curve were 50 cm/s and 0.06 dB/MHz/Gy based on each Gy in the linear range of 4-44 Gy. Ultrasonic parameters were measured in the gel samples at 5, 15, and 25 ºC after 0-60 Gy irradiation in 2 Gy steps to determine the sensitivity of the ultrasonic properties to temperature. The measurements show that readings at 25 °C have a higher sensitivity than that at 5 and 15 °C. Thus, with an increase of 20 °C, the speed of sound increased 28 and 66 m/s before irradiation and with 60 Gy absorbed dose, respectively. Moreover, the attenuation coefficient decreased 2.50 dB/MHz before irradiation and increased 2.70 dB/MHz with 60 Gy absorbed dose. Conclusion: Acoustic properties of MAGIC-f gel, determined by measurements of speed of sound and ultrasonic broadband attenuation, indicate the ability of this technique in reading of absorbed dose. Maximum sensitivity of reading time and temperature of MAGIC-f gel were 24 hours after irradiation and 25 °C, respectivel

Determine the Dose Distribution Using Ultrasound Parameters in MAGIC-f Polymer Gels

In this study, using methacrylic and ascorbic acid in gelatin initiated by copper (MAGIC-f) polymer gel after megavoltage energy exposure, the sensitivity of the ultrasound velocity and attenuation coefficient dose-dependent parameters was evaluated. The MAGIC-f polymer gel was irradiated under 1.25 MeV cobalt-60, ranging from 0 to 60 Gy in 2-Gy steps, and received dose uniformity and accuracy of +2%. After calibration of the ultrasonic systems with a frequency of 500 kHz, the parameters of ultrasound velocity and attenuation coefficient of the irradiated gel samples were measured. According to the dose–response curve, the ability of ultrasonic parameters was evaluated in dose rate readings. Based on a 4-order polynomial curve, fitted on the dose–response parameters of ultrasound velocity and attenuation coefficient and observed at 24 hours after irradiation, ultrasonic parameters had more sensitivity. The sensitivity of the dose–velocity and dose-attenuation coefficient curves was observed as 50 m/s/Gy and 0.06 dB/MHz/Gy over the linear range of 4 to 44 Gy, respectively. The ultrasonic parameters at 5C, 15C, and 25C on the gel dosimeter after 0 to 60 Gy irradiation showed that readings at 25C have higher sensitivity compared to 15C and 5C. Maximum sensitivity time and temperature readings of the MAGIC-f ultrasonic parameters were concluded 24 hours after irradiation and at a temperature of 25C. Keyw

Medical imaging modalities: Prevention of unnecessary orders and non-optimized radiation exposure

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses a constant magnetic field and radio waves, a non-invasive method for examining tissues, organs and the skeletal system. The advantages and disadvantages of MRI is not fully understood. In the computerized tumor (CT) scan, as an invasive method, the x-rays of the body is used for tomography; which different x-ray attenuation coefficient in tissues as well as the reconstruction of images could affect on the scanning of the patient and the received amount of radiation by the patient. However, compared to other radiographical diagnostic methods, CT scan could lead to the exposure of the patients against substantial radiation dosage, which may have several radiobiological effects such as delayed effects of radiation (possible effect) with the result of a variety of cancers, chromosomal failures and potential genetic abnormalities in the future generations. It is recommended that these tests would prescribe for the patients with greater accuracy and caution; with application of magnetic dosimeter for monitoring exposure of people who working with MRI (as its application for X-ray and CT scan)

Role of magnetic nanoparticles in targeted drug delivery for central nervous system

Introduction: The treatment of neurological disease, such as brain cancer or neurodegenerative diseases, is one of the most difficult challenges in medicine. The major limitation in this therapy is caused by asthenia of some drugs injected to the blood vessel to reach the main tissue of brain. There are three substrate obstacles that adjust molecular exchange in junction between blood and neurotic tissue or its steep spaces: the brain endothelium which makes blood-brain barrier (BBB), the arachnoids epithelium which makes intermediate substrate of meninges and the choroid plexus epithelium, which secretes cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Methods: In recent years, some significant researches showed that magnetic nanoparticles (through conjugation of iron oxide NPs with hydrophilic polymer coatings of dextran) can be administered for impressive systemic and territorial transfer of therapeutics to the CNS. Nanoparticles also have the potential to revolutionize conventional imaging techniques. Conventional epitomize condition lack the association of high delicacy and high spatial precision required for molecular imaging. Results: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has high resolution, but lacks sensitivity to molecular signals, while high sensitivity nuclear medicine modalities such as Individual photon ejaculation calculated tomography and position emission tomography (PET) provide superb sensitivity, at the cost of reduced spatial resolution. Using nanoparticles in some conditions such as MRI can amazingly enhance delicacy, presenting the potential for high resolution molecular imaging. MRI has high spatial resolution, is non-invasive in nature and offers multiplanar tomographic capabilities. Nanoparticles can be managed to have magnetized specifications that can be acquired by MRI at low condensations and at the same time include lingads which target specific molecules. Iron oxide nanoparticles have been widely researched for MRI, as there are several types, namely magnetite (Fe3O4) and hematite (α-Fe2O3), among which magnetite is very promising, because of its proven biocompatibility. For molecular imaging purposes, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) need to bind to a range of drugs, proteins, enzymes, antibodies, or other molecular targets. In conclusion, using magnetized nanoparticles as a drug delivering system is still determined by its biocompatibility and optional aiming to the favorable cell or tissue under the guidance of external magnetic field (MRI scanner). Conclusion: Advances in current technologies and the expansion of magnetized nanoparticles as medicine transfer device to transfer medicine to tumor hypoxic zones have fast tracked in the past decade and led to the development of various magnetic nanoformulations such as liposomes, metallic, and polymeric nanoparticles. This technology will not only minimize invasive methods, nut also decrease side effects to intact fiber which are two primary concerns in conventional cancer therapies. The field of magnetic drug delivery is still at infancy, and combination of better magnetized medicine transfer device and association of multifunctional ligands are being continuously investigated so as to carry it from the bench-top to the clinic. Until Then the worries about the omission and long term toxicity remain barriers to clinical entry

Clinical and pharmacological applications of silymarin components at cellular and molecular level: A review

Silymarin, a flavonolignan from ‘milk thistle’ (Silybum marianum) plant is used almost exclusively for hepatoprotection and amounts to 180 million US dollars business in Germany alone. In this review, we discuss about its safety, efficacy and future uses in liver diseases. The use of silymarin may replace the polyherbal formulations and will avoid the major problems of standardization, quality control and contamination with heavy metals or bacterial toxins. Silymarin consists of four flavonolignan isomers namely; silybin, isosilybin, silydianin and silychristin. Among them, silybin being the most active and commonly used. Silymarin is orally absorbed and is excreted mainly through bile as sulphates and conjugates. Silymarin offers good protection in various toxic models of experimental liver diseases in laboratory animals. It acts by antioxidative, anti-lipid peroxidative, antifibrotic, anti-inflammatory, membrane stabilizing, immunomodulatory and liver regenerating mechanisms. Silymarin has clinical applications in alcoholic liver diseases, liver cirrhosis, Amanita mushroom poisoning, viral hepatitis, toxic and drug induced liver diseases and in diabetic patients. Though silymarin does not have antiviral properties against hepatitis virus, it promotes protein synthesis, helps in regenerating liver tissue, controls inflammation, enhances glucuronidation and protects against glutathione depletion. Silymarin may prove to be a useful drug for hepatoprotection in hepatobiliary diseases and in hepatotoxicity due to drugs. The non-traditional use of silymarin may make a breakthrough as a new approach to protect other organs in addition to liver. As it is having a good safety profile, better patient tolerability and an effective drug at an affordable price in near future new derivatives or new combinations of this drug may prove to be useful. © Medwell Journals, 2016