Proposal for a modernized iranian notifiable infectious diseases surveillance system: Comparison with usa and Australia Proposition en vue de la modernisation du système iranien de surveillance des maladies infectieuses à déclaration obligatoire: Comparaison avec les �tats-Unis et l'Australie

This article reports on a comparative study of the national notifiable infectious diseases surveillance systems currently employed in the United States of America, Australia and the Islamic Republic of Iran, with the aim of developing a modified system specific to the needs of the Iranian health system. Features of the surveillance systems examined in each country included: official data gathering structures; types of data collected; case definition and classification criteria; data collection processes; data analysis methods; disease classification systems; data dissemination and distribution methods; data quality control; and confidentiality procedures and guidelines. After consolidating the data, a model for an Iranian notifiable infectious diseases surveillance system was developed and was tested by the Delphi method in 3 stages

Phytotherapy for Enterococcusfaecalis

Oral diseases such as tooth decay, gum disease, and tooth loss can significantly affect the overall health of the individual. Tooth decay is a polymicrobial disease in which nutrition, microbial infection and host response play an important role. Enterococcus faecalis is one of these bacterial agents. Medicinal plants have fewer side effects compared to chemical drugs. Those have been easy to access from the past and have been used as drugs in the treatment of various diseases. This natural source has effective ingredients which cure diseases. The efforts in this reviewing study were on reporting anti-Enterococcusfaecalis medicinal plants. Searching for articles in this reviewing study were done with words such as Enterococcusfaecalis, Medicinal plants, dental diseases and phytotherapy. Search was done from databases such as Scopus, ISC, SID, Magiran and some other databases. Accordingly, 13 medical plants which are effective on Streptococcus faecalis are used. According to the obtained results, Chromolaenaodorata, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Newbouldalaevis, Psidiumguajava, Salvadorapersica, BIXA ORELLANA, Spondias sp., Aristolochiamonticola, Actinidiachinensis, Feijoasellowiana, Aberiacaffra, Lantana camara and Larreatridentata medicinal plants are the most important medicinal plants with anti-Streptococcus faecalis effect. Medicinal plants used in this study have anti-Enterococcusfaecaliseffect due to existence of bioactive substances, antioxidants, flavonoids, flavones, anthocyanins, and the like

Development of rheumatoid arthritis by toxoplasmosis in Iranian patients

Background: Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is an intracellular protozoan parasite capable of infecting approximately one-third of the world human population. In this study, the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) antibodies in Iranian patients with rheumatoid arthritis was investigated, given the lack of information on the magnitude of toxoplasmosis in these patients. Methods: The serum was collected from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (n = 93) and a healthy control group (n = 93) from central parts of Iran to investigate the prevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies. Results: Anti-T. gondii IgG was detected among 76 of 93 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (81.72) versus 37 of 93 healthy control group (39.80), and it was higher among patients with rheumatoid arthritis than controls. The seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii IgM was significantly higher in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (36 of 93; 38.70) compared to the healthy control group (2 of 93; 2.1). Demographic variables (age and sex) did not have significant correlations in patients with rheumatoid arthritis who were positive for T. gondii infection. Conclusion: The findings of the present study provide efficient evidence that confirm the association between toxoplasmosis and development of rheumatoid arthritis, suggesting that Toxoplasma may contribute to the rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis. © 2021, Kerman University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved

Production of recombinant 14-3-3 protein and determination of its immunogenicity for application in serodiagnosis of strongyloidiasis

BACKGROUND: Strongyloides stercoralis is the fourth most important intestinal nematode worldwide. The parasite load and larvae count are often low, thus conventional methods are not sufficiently sensitive to detect the infection. In this study we developed an immunoglobulin G-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method to detect antibodies against S. stercoralis 14-3-3 protein in patients' sera. METHODS: S. stercoralis RNA was extracted and following complementary DNA synthesis, the 708-bp fragment of 14-3-3 protein was amplified by polymerase chain reaction and cloned into the pET28a+ expression vector. The 30-kDa recombinant 14-3-3 protein was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells and purified by affinity chromatography. Finally, its immunoreactivity was assessed by indirect ELISA and western blotting. RESULTS: The S. stercoralis 14-3-3 gene was successfully amplified and cloned into an expression vector. The 30-kDa recombinant protein was purified by affinity chromatography. An ELISA developed in-house detected infected patients' sera with 96% sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that the recombinant 14-3-3 protein has enough sensitivity and specificity for detection of strongyloidiasis in human sera and could be applied for serodiagnosis