NASTRAN solutions of problems described by simultaneous parabolic differential equations

NASTRAN solution techniques are shown for a numerical analysis of a class of coupled vector flow processes described by simultaneous parabolic differential equations. To define one physical problem type where equations of this form arise, the differential equations describing the coupled transfers of heat and mass in mechanical equilibrium with negligible mass average velocity are presented and discussed. Also shown are the equations describing seepage when both electrokinetic and hydrodynamic forces occur. Based on a variational statement of the general problem type, the concepts of scalar transfer elements and parallel element systems are introduced. It is shown that adoptation of these concepts allows the direct use of NASTRAN's existing Laplace type elements for uncoupled flow (the heat transfer elements) for treating multicomponent coupled transfer. Sample problems are included which demonstrate the application of these techniques for both steady-state and transient problems

Space Station medical sciences concepts

Current life sciences concepts relating to Space Station are presented including the following: research, extravehicular activity, biobehavioral considerations, medical care, maintenance of dental health, maintaining health through physical conditioning and countermeasures, protection from radiation, atmospheric contamination control, atmospheric composition, noise pollution, food supply and service, clothing and furnishings, and educational program possibilities. Information on the current status of Soviet Space Stations is contained

The Irrevocable Inter Vivos Trust: Income and Estate Tax Consequences to the Donor and the Trustee

One of the most useful estate planning mechanisms for substantial estates is the irrevocable inter vivos trust. Such a trust might provide that all the income from the trust property be paid to the donor\u27s wife (or child) for life with the income beneficiary having a power of appointment by will limited as to objects so as not to cause the trust property to be includible in her estate for federal estate tax purposes. In addition, the trustee might be given discretion to distribute corpus to or for the benefit of the income beneficiary either (a) in the trustee\u27s absolute discretion, (b) according to a standard relating to the beneficiary\u27s health, maintenance, support or education, or (c) according to a broader standard, such as the beneficiary\u27s benefit, comfort, welfare or happiness. A somewhat varied form of trust might provide that the trustee .may in his discretion distribute income and corpus to or for the benefit of the primary beneficiary (donor\u27s child), the primary beneficiary\u27s spouse, issue and spouses of issue. The primary beneficiary might be given a limited power to appoint by will, in default of the exercise of which the trust continues for the other beneficiaries

Study of low frequency hydromagnetic waves using ATS-1 data

Low frequency oscillations of the magnetic field at ATS-1 were analyzed for the 25 month data interval, Dec., 1966 through 1968. Irregular oscillations and those associated with magnetic storms were excluded from the analysis. Of the 222 events identified, 170 were found to be oscillating predominantly transverse to the background magnetic field. The oscillations were observed to occur most frequently in the early afternoon hours. They also seemed to occur more frequently during Dec., Jan., and Feb. than at any other time of the year. During a given event, the frequency was fairly constant. The event duration varied between a minimum of 10 min. and a maximum of 14 hrs and 26 min. During a given event the amplitude varied

The Entrepreneur

Stanley I. Mason, Jr. has had an incredible impact on our lives. This feature article describes his journey to becoming an inventor and entrepreneur

Spacelab simulation using a Lear Jet aircraft: Mission no. 4 (ASSESS program)

The fourth ASSESS Spacelab simulation mission utilizing a Lear Jet aircraft featured trained experiment operators (EOs) in place of the participating scientists, to simulate the role and functions of payload specialists in Spacelab who may conduct experiments developed by other scientists. The experiment was a broadband infrared photometer coupled to a 30-cm, open port, IR telescope. No compromises in equipment design or target selection were made to simplify operator tasks; the science goals of the mission were selected to advance the mainline research program of the principle investigator (PI). Training of the EOs was the responsibility of the PI team and consisted of laboratory sessions, on-site training during experiment integration, and integrated mission training using the aircraft as a high-fidelity simulator. The EO permission experience in these several disciplines proved adequate for normal experiment operations, but marginal for the identification and remedy of equipment malfunctions. During the mission, the PI utilized a TV communication system to assist the EOs to overcome equipment difficulties; both science and operations were successfully implemented