ソウオン ノ ウルササ ニ カンスル エイゴ ト ニホンゴ ノ ヒョウジュン シャクド ト シツモン ノ トウカセイ

Environmental noise can have serious negative effects on human health and quality of life. Exposure to high levels of noise, for example, can cause hearing loss, tinnitus and other hearing problems. However, the negative effects of environmental noise are by no means limited to hearing. Environmental noise interferes with basic human activities such as sleep, communication, and thought and thus has serious negative effects on health, interpersonal relationships, work, and learning. The stress and discomfort that an individual experiences as an immediate result of noise exposure is compounded by the additional stress that results from lack of sleep, miscommunication, impaired mental functioning and the myriad social and economic consequences of such reductions in the individual's ability to function properly. It should not be surprising, therefore, that the stress caused by prolonged exposure to environmental noise can lead to heart disease and other stress-related maladies

ソウオン ノ ウルササ ニ カンスル エイゴ ト ニホンゴ ノ ヒョウジュン シャクド ト シツモン ノ トウカセイ

Environmental noise can have serious negative effects on human health and quality of life. Exposure to high levels of noise, for example, can cause hearing loss, tinnitus and other hearing problems. However, the negative effects of environmental noise are by no means limited to hearing. Environmental noise interferes with basic human activities such as sleep, communication, and thought and thus has serious negative effects on health, interpersonal relationships, work, and learning. The stress and discomfort that an individual experiences as an immediate result of noise exposure is compounded by the additional stress that results from lack of sleep, miscommunication, impaired mental functioning and the myriad social and economic consequences of such reductions in the individual\u27s ability to function properly. It should not be surprising, therefore, that the stress caused by prolonged exposure to environmental noise can lead to heart disease and other stress-related maladies

Equivalence of noise annoyance scales in Japanese and English : An experiment using bilingual subjects

A method established by ICBEN (International Commission on the Biological Effects of Noise) Team 6 (Community Response to Noise) has been used to develop equivalent noise annoyance scales in nine languages. A key assumption of this method is that subjects who speak different languages interpret the concept of “highest degree” of annoyance similarly. In this study, an experiment was conducted using 73 bilingual subjects to test this assumption and thereby assess the equivalence of the Japanese and English ICBEN scales. All of the bilingual subjects followed a slightly modified version of the ICBEN method to produce scales in both Japanese and English. The results indicate that English- and Japanese-speaking subjects do not differ significantly in their interpretations of the “highest degree” of annoyance. Thus, a key premise of the ICBEN method for producing equivalent scales in different languages was confirmed for English and Japanese. In addition, although the Japanese modifier “hijoni” has frequently been translated as “very,” the results of this study show that “extremely” is a more appropriate translation. Finally, evidence was found that bilingual subjects may differ significantly from monolingual subjects in their interpretations of certain words