Protocol for evaluating the in vitro effect of violet light-emitting diodes (LEDs) 410 nm ± 10 nm on yeast cultures

BACKGROUND: Candida spp and Malassezia spp cause superficial infections that may be resistant to conventional treatments. Violet light-emitting diodes (LEDs) therapy is a therapeutic alternative. PURPOSE: To describe the protocol for evaluating the antifungal effect of violet LEDs 410 nm ± 10 nm on Candida spp and Malassezia spp in vitro. PROTOCOL: LEDs 410 nm ± 10 nm are applied to a fungal suspension at fluences of 61.13 J/cm2, 91.70 J/cm2, and 183.39 J/cm2. The isolates are cultured for 48 to 72 hours. Colony forming units (CFUs) are quantified by visual counting and percent culture plate occupancy by digital analysis. Morphology is assessed by light microscopy and Gram staining, and yeast metabolism/function by transmission electron microscopy, assessment of reactive oxygen species, and DNA fragmentation. DATA ANALYSIS: the percentage of LEDs inhibition is calculated considering the growth of the negative control condition and the percentage of plate occupancy by yeasts by dividing the number of pixels classified as colonies by the total number of pixels on the plate. The morphological and functional aspects are described for the intervention and negative control. The ANOVA test is used to compare the mean percentages of growth inhibition and plate occupancy between the three fluences of LEDs 410 nm ± 10 nm and the negative control. ESTIMATED RESULTS: We intend to determine the antifungal effect of the different fluences of LEDs 410 nm ± 10 nm on Candida spp and Malassezia spp. The evaluation of other fungal species by this protocol should be investigated

Mycobacterium tuberculosis epitope-specific interferon-g production in healthy Brazilians reactive and non-reactive to tuberculin skin test

The interferon (IFN)-gamma response to peptides can be a useful diagnostic marker of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) latent infection. We identified promiscuous and potentially protective CD4(+) T-cell epitopes from the most conserved regions of MTB antigenic proteins by scanning the MTB antigenic proteins GroEL2, phosphate-binding protein 1 precursor and 19 kDa antigen with the TEPITOPE algorithm. Seven peptide sequences predicted to bind to multiple human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR molecules were synthesised and tested with IFN-gamma enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assays using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 16 Mantoux tuberculin skin test (TST)-positive and 16 TST-negative healthy donors. Eighty-eight percent of TST-positive donors responded to at least one of the peptides, compared to 25% of TST-negative donors. Each individual peptide induced IFN-gamma production by PBMCs from at least 31% of the TST-positive donors. the magnitude of the response against all peptides was 182 +/- 230 x 10(6) IFN-gamma spot forming cells (SFC) among TST-positive donors and 36 +/- 62 x 10(6) SFC among TST-negative donors (p = 0.007). the response to GroEL2 (463-477) was only observed in the TST-positive group. This combination of novel MTB CD4 T-cell epitopes should be tested in a larger cohort of individuals with latent tuberculosis (TB) to evaluate its potential to diagnose latent TB and it may be included in ELISPOT-based IFN-gamma assays to identify individuals with this condition.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Fac Med, Inst Coracao, Immunol Lab, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Fac Med, Dept Med, Div Imunol Clin & Alergia, São Paulo, BrazilFundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Lab Avancado Saude Publ, Salvador, BA, BrazilEscola Bahiana Med & Saude Publ, Salvador, BA, BrazilInst Invest Immunol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Fac Med, Inst Coracao, Immunol Lab, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Fac Med, Dept Med, Div Imunol Clin & Alergia, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Estudo da ativação e da resposta aos antígenos de memória em indivíduos infectados pelo HTLV-1

Submitted by Repositório Arca ([email protected]) on 2019-09-04T17:23:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2019-09-11T13:53:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Rita Elizabeth Moreira Mascarenhas Estudo...2006.pdf: 4009806 bytes, checksum: e54513597346920f4b3e55ff0490d6e8 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-09-11T13:53:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Rita Elizabeth Moreira Mascarenhas Estudo...2006.pdf: 4009806 bytes, checksum: e54513597346920f4b3e55ff0490d6e8 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006CNPq, PAPESB.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.O vírus linfotrópico de células T humanas do tipo 1 (HTL V -I) tem tropismo para os linfócitos T, infectando preferencialmente linfócitos T CD4+CD45RO+, embora outras células possam ser alvo da infecção. No Brasil, a prevalência em doadores de sangue foi estimada em 0,45 por cento, sendo Salvador o epicentro da infecção do HTL V-I no país, com prevalência de 1,35 por cento. Recentemente, um estudo de base populacional, realizado na em Salvador revelou uma prevalência de 2 por cento. O HTLV-I está classicamente associado a leucemia e linfoma de células T do adulto (A TLL), Paraparesia espástica tropical/mielopatia associada ao HTL V -1 (HAM/TSP) e uveite. Este vírus também está relacionado a outras doenças inflamatórias como artrite, dermatite infectiva, polimiosite, alveolite e Síndrome de Sjogren. A infecção pelo HTLV-I, induz uma ativação crônica do sistema imune e uma maior susceptibilidade a doenças infecciosas. Maior morbidade e mortalidade associada à tuberculose, hanseníase, estrongiloidíase grave e disseminada, e escabiose severa sugerem a existência de uma imunossupressão pelo HTL V -I. Células mononucleares do sangue periférico (PBMC) de cerca de 50 por cento dos indivíduos infectados, apresentam proliferação espontânea in vitro, uma das alterações imunológicas características da infecção por este vírus. Neste estudo, avaliamos a resposta imune celular aos antígenos de memória nos indivíduos infectados pelo HTLV-l apresentando ou não proliferação espontânea. Inicialmente quantificamos as populações de linfócitos T CD4 e CD8 e estudamos o repertório do TCR-V~ das subpopulações dos linfócitos T CD4+. Encontramos um aumento da proporção dos linfócitos T CD4+CD45RO+, nos individuos infectados com proliferação espontânea e uma menor frequência de resposta aos antígenos de memória, mesmo nos indivíduos cujos PBMC não proliferavam espontaneamente. Além disso, indivíduos com proliferação espontânea apresentaram expansão policlonal dos linfócitos T CD4+. Em seguida, investigamos o perfil de ativação e a freqüência de células produtoras de lFN-y. A expressão de CD25, CD69 e HLA-DR, bem como a proporção de células produtoras de lFN-y foi maior nos linfócitos T CD4+ dos indivíduos infectados pelo HTL V-I. Por fim, investigamos o potencial inibitório de compostos quinolínicos na proliferação espontânea de linfócitos T, de indivíduos infectados pelo HTL V-L Identificamos seis compostos (XF907, XF731, SF103, MHM22, MDS 14 and SF47) com capacidade para inibir, in vitro, a proliferação espontânea de PBMC. Novos estudos para avaliar o mecanismo de inibição destas drogas devem ser realizados. A descoberta de novos fármacos é importante para o tratamento desta infecção. Nossos resultados indicam que o HTL V -I induz uma imunossupressão caracterizada pela redução na frequência de respostas positivas aos antígenos de mcmória. mesmo entre os indivíduos que não apresentam proliferação espontânea, sugerindo que possa ocorrer uma imunossupressão. A ativação celular e frequências elevadas de células produtoras de IFN-y podem contribuir para esta anergia.Human T-Iymphotropic vírus cells type I (HTLV-1) presents tropism for T lymphocytes, infecting preferentially CD4+CD45RO+ T-lymphocytes, although other cells may be infected. In Brazil, the prevalence in blood donors was estimated in 0.45%. Salvador is the epicenter of the infection in the country, with the prevalence of 1.35%. A population-based study in Salvador demonstrated a prevalence of 2%. HTLV-1 infection is classically associated to adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), HAM/TSP and uveitis. This virus is also associated to other inflammatory diseases such as arthritis, infective dermatitis, polymyositis, alveolitis, and Sjogren syndrome. HTLV-1 infection induces a chronic activation of the immune system and a high susceptibility to infectious diseases. In fact, high morbidity and mortality associated to tuberculosis, Hansen’s disease, disseminated strongyloidiasis, severe scabies suggest the existence of an immunosuppression in HTLV-1 infection. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of infected individuals present spontaneous proliferation in vitro, an immunological alteration that is a characteristic of the infection by this virus. In this study we evaluated the cellular immune response to recall antigens in the HTLV-1-infected individuals, presenting or not spontaneous proliferation. First, we quantified the CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte subsets and studied the TCR-V|3 repertoire from CD4+ lymphocytes. We found an increase of the CD4+CD45RO+ T-lymphocytes in the individuals infected with spontaneous proliferation. The response frequency to the memory antigens were decreased in the HTLV-1-infected individuals, even in the absence of spontaneous proliferation. Then, we investigated the activation profile, as well as the frequencies of IFN-y producing cells. The expression of CD25, CD69, and HLA-DR, as well as IFN-y was higher in CD4+ T-lymphocyte from HTLV-1-infected individuals. Finally, we investigated the inhibitory potential of quinoline compounds on the spontaneous proliferation of T-lymphocyte of HTLV-1-infected individuals. We identified six compounds (XF907, XF731, SF103, MHM22, MDS14 and SF47) with capacity to inhibit, in vitro, the spontaneous proliferation of PBMC. New studies to evaluate the inhibition mechanism of these drugs should be done. The discovery of new drugs is important for the treatment of this infection. In conclusion, our results suggest that HTLV-1-infected individuals have immunosupression, as reflected by a decrease in stimulation index to recall antigens, even in individuals without spontaneous PBMC proliferation. The cellular activation and high frequencies of IFN-y producing cells can contribute to this immunosupression

Imunossupressão em indivíduos infectados pelo HTLV: possíveis mecanismos imunológicos

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2014-07-28T14:07:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Grassi MFR Imunossupressao....pdf: 127935 bytes, checksum: e49037ce7af300f309204d8a42047e53 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-28T14:07:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Grassi MFR Imunossupressao....pdf: 127935 bytes, checksum: e49037ce7af300f309204d8a42047e53 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório Avançado de Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório Avançado de Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório Avançado de Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, BrasilO vírus linfotrópico de células T humanas do tipo 1 (HTLV-I) é o agente etiológico da leucemia/linfoma de células T do adulto (ATL) e da paraparesia espástica tropical/mielopatia associada ao HTLV (HAM/TSP), e está associado a diversas patologias inflamatórias como uveítes, artrites, polimiosites. Além disso, uma maior morbidade e mortalidade de doenças infecciosas, como estrongiloidíase disseminada e tuberculose, é observada em indivíduos co-infectados, sugerindo um grau de imunossupressão. Uma das características imunológicas da infecção pelo HTLV é a proliferação espontânea, in vitro, das células mononucleares do sangue periférico (PBMC), além de elevada produção de citocinas inflamatórias como IFN-γ, TNF-α de IL-10 e IL-2 e maior expressão de moléculas de ativação em linfócitos T. Nesta revisão serão discutidos o papel da ativação celular e da proliferação espontânea sobre a resposta celular contra antígenos de memória.Human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-I) is the etiologic agent of adult T-cell leukemia lymphoma (ATLL) and HTLVI associated myelopathy/ tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), and is associated with several inflammatory diseases such as uveitis, arthritis, polymyositis. Moreover, increased morbidity and mortality of infectious diseases such as disseminated strongyloidiasis and tuberculosis is observed in co-infected individuals, suggesting a degree of immunosuppression. One of the immunological halmarker of HTLV infection is the spontaneous proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), in vitro, in addition to a high production of inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-10 and IL- 2 and high expression of activation molecules on T lymphocytes. This review will discuss the role of both cellular activation and spontaneous proliferation in cellular immune response against recall antigens

Desestruturação histoarquitetural do baço e susceptibilidade a formas graves da leishmaniose visceral

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2019-12-26T13:13:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Conrado dos- Santos, W.L. Revista da Sociedade Med Trop. 2010, v. 43, supl. II.PDF: 5269245 bytes, checksum: 5ad7dcc2aab7518b5156d1a29e08be3d (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2019-12-26T14:04:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Conrado dos- Santos, W.L. Revista da Sociedade Med Trop. 2010, v. 43, supl. II.PDF: 5269245 bytes, checksum: 5ad7dcc2aab7518b5156d1a29e08be3d (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-12-26T14:04:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Conrado dos- Santos, W.L. Revista da Sociedade Med Trop. 2010, v. 43, supl. II.PDF: 5269245 bytes, checksum: 5ad7dcc2aab7518b5156d1a29e08be3d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010FABESB, grant No. 434/05, CNPq grant No. 301882/2006-1 and PAPES V (FIOCRUZ).Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Formas graves de leishmaniose visceral estão associadas com atrofia e desorganização dos compartimentos do baço em seres humanos e em cães. Métodos: Nesse artigo nós revimos as alterações observadas nos baços de cães de uma área endémica de leishmaniose visceral. Resultados: Cães com marcadores de susceptibilidade a leishmaniose visceral apresentam mais frequentemente desorganização do tecido esplénico (x2-test, P<0.01) afetando mais intensamente a zona marginal e folículos linfoides a bainha periarteriolar de linfócitos. O número total de linfócitos T (Whitney, P < 0.05), linfócitos B (Whitney, P < 0.01) e células dendríticas S 100+(Whitney, P < 0.01) nos folículos e de células B na zona marginal (Whitney, P < 0.01 ) dos animais com a arquitetura do baço desorganizada for menor que nos animais com a histologia do baço normal. Essa desorganização arquitetural do baço está associada com menor expressão de LTα e CXCL13 que a observada em baços normais. Há maior frequência de infecções bacterianas de pele em animais com culturas esplénicas positivas para Leishmania (47%) que em animais com culturas negativas (21%). Conclusão: A desorganização arquitetural do tecido esplénico em cães é associada à expressão inadequada de citocinas envolvidas na estruturação dos folículos e da zona marginal do baço. Essas alterações do baço, presentes no curso da leishmaniose visceral pode prejudicar com a cooperação entre leucócitos na defesa contra a infecção por Leishmania e por outros patógenos.Severe forms of visceral leishmaniasis are associated with atrophy and histological disorganization of spleen compartments in both humans and dogs. Methods: In this paper, we review the changes observed in the spleens of dogs from an area endemic for visceral leishmaniasis. Results: Dogs with susceptibility markers for visceral leishmaniasis display disorganization of the splenic tissue more frequently than dogs without these markers (x2-test, P<0.01). This disorganization was more intense in the marginal zone and the lymphoid follicle than in the periarterial lymphoid sheath. In addition, the total number ofT lymphocytes (Whitney, P < 0.05), B lymphocytes (Whitney, P < 0.01) and S 100* dendritic cells (Whitney, P < 0.01) in the follicles and ofB lymphocytes in the marginal zone (Whitney, P < 0.01) in animals with disorganized spleen architecture was lower than in animals with normal spleen histology. The architectural disorganization of the spleen is associated with lower expressions of LTα and CXCL13 than those observed in normal spleen. There is also a greater frequency of bacterial skin infections in animals with spleen cultures positive for Leishmania (47%) than in animals with negative cultures (21%). Conclusion: The architectural disorganization of the splenic tissue in dogs with susceptibility markers of visceral leishmaniasis is associated with aberrant expression of cytokines involved in the structuring of the follicles and marginal zone of the spleen. These splenic alterations may impair the leukocyte cooperation required for elective immunity against infection by Leishmania and other pathogens

HTLV-1 and tuberculosis association a review of the literature

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2014-09-26T13:36:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Santos N P HTLV-1 and....pdf: 99416 bytes, checksum: 218b7f5651fba8f422a7e7ac0d855186 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2014-09-26T13:36:31Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Santos N P HTLV-1 and....pdf: 99416 bytes, checksum: 218b7f5651fba8f422a7e7ac0d855186 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2014-09-26T13:45:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Santos N P HTLV-1 and....pdf: 99416 bytes, checksum: 218b7f5651fba8f422a7e7ac0d855186 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014Bahiana School of Medicine and Human Health. Salvador, BA, BrasilUniversidade Federal da Bahia. Salvador, BA, BrasilBahiana School of Medicine and Human Health. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório Avançado de Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, BrasilBahiana School of Medicine and Human Health. Salvador, BA, BrasilBahiana School of Medicine and Human Health. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório Avançado de Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, BrasilBahiana School of Medicine and Human Health. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório Avançado de Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, BrasilObjective: To review and evaluate the scientific evidences on the relationship between tuberculosis (TB) and HTLV-1 infection. Methods: Searches on MEDLINE, LILACS/SciELO and Cochrane Library databases were performed using the following keywords: HTLV-1 Infection, Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1; Paraparesis Tropical Spastic; Tuberculosis. The following data were evaluated: Study design, sample size, number of controls, frequency of HTLV-1 infection in patients with TB and uninfected controls, mortality in HTLV-1/TB coinfected individuals compared with controls group, response in vivo and in vitro to PPD, frequency of individuals with tuberculin skin test (TST) positive or negative. Results: Nineteen articles were selected: twelve investigated prevalence, four mortality, three evaluated both prevalence and mortality and six described immunological findings. The majority of the studies was conducted in South America (Brazil and Peru), and Japan. Seven out of 12 studies found an increased risk of HTLV-1 in patients with TB diagnosis. The prevalence of HTLV-1/TB co-infection ranged from 1.49 % in Brazil to 11.4 % in patients in Peru. Two out of five studies found a higher mortality of patients with HTLV-1/TB co-infection compared to patients with TB alone. Three studies conducted in Africa (Guinea Bissau and Senegal) found no increase in the mortality of patients co-infected with TB and HTLV-1. A decreased response to PPD in vitro or in vivo was observed in co-infected individuals compared with patients with TB alone. Conclusion: Patients with TB diagnosis have a higher prevalence of HTLV-1, compared with uninfected controls. Co-infection HTLV-1/TB increases the mortality of T

Functional capacity of natural killer cells in HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) patients

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2019-08-07T12:51:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Queiroz, G.A. Functional capacity...2019.pdf: 2446462 bytes, checksum: 6c537e9261b024afed487589b9badee6 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2019-08-07T13:03:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Queiroz, G.A. Functional capacity...2019.pdf: 2446462 bytes, checksum: 6c537e9261b024afed487589b9badee6 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-08-07T13:03:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Queiroz, G.A. Functional capacity...2019.pdf: 2446462 bytes, checksum: 6c537e9261b024afed487589b9badee6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-01-17Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa da Bahia (FAPESB) and by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001. Grassi, M.F.R. and Galvão-Castro, B, are currently receiving scholarships from Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) and from Fundação Nacional de Desenvolvimento do Ensino Superior Particular (Funadesp).Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório Avançado de Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório Avançado de Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Sorbonne Universités. Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses. Paris, France.Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório Avançado de Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Natural killer (NK) cells are part of the innate immune system and provide surveillance against viruses and cancers. The ability of NK cells to kill virus-infected cells depends on the balance between the effects of inhibitory and activating NK cell receptors. This study aimed to investigate the phenotypic profile and the functional capacity of NK cells in the context of HTLV-1 infection. Methods: This cross-sectional study sequentially recruited HTLV-1 infected individuals with HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/ tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and asymptomatic HTLV-1 (AS) from the Integrated and Multidisciplinary HTLV Center in Salvador, Brazil. Blood samples from healthy blood donors served as controls. NK cell surface receptors (NKG2D, KIR2DL2/KIR2DL3, NKp30, NKG2A, NKp46, TIM-3 and PD-1), intracellular cytolytic (Granzyme B, perforin) and functional markers (CD107a for degranulation, IFN-γ) were assayed by flow cytometry in the presence or absence of standard K562 target cells. In addition, cytotoxicity assays were performed in the presence or absence of anti-NKp30. Results: The frequency of NKp30+ NK cells was significantly decreased in HAM/TSP patients [58%, Interquartile Range (IQR) 30–61] compared to controls (73%, IQR 54–79, p = 0.04). The production of cytolytic (perforin, granzyme B) and functional markers (CD107a and IFN-γ) was higher in unstimulated NK cells from HAM/TSP and AS patients compared to controls. By contrast, stimulation with K562 target cells did not alter the frequency of CD107a+ NK cells in HAM/TSP subjects compared to the other groups. Blockage of the NKp30 receptor was shown to decrease cytotoxic activity (CD107a) and IFN-γ expression only in asymptomatic HTLV-1-infected individuals. Conclusions: NK cells from individuals with a diagnosis of HAM/TSP present decreased expression of the activating receptor NKp30, in addition to elevated degranulation activity that remained unaffected after blocking the NKp30 receptor

Human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) proviral load induces activation of T-lymphocytes in asymptomatic carriers.

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2014-09-26T13:06:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Coutinho JR R Human T lymphotropic....pdf: 379342 bytes, checksum: 969d067a806ee69ee55498bac2a518a0 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2014-09-26T13:06:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Coutinho JR R Human T lymphotropic....pdf: 379342 bytes, checksum: 969d067a806ee69ee55498bac2a518a0 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2014-09-26T13:27:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Coutinho JR R Human T lymphotropic....pdf: 379342 bytes, checksum: 969d067a806ee69ee55498bac2a518a0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório Avançado de Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório Avançado de Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório Avançado de Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, BrasilBahiana School of Medicine and Public Health. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório Avançado de Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório Avançado de Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health. Salvador, BA, BrasilBackground: High HTLV-1 proviral load (PVL) is mainly found in infected individuals with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). However one third of asymptomatic carriers may have high PVL. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of PVL in the activation of T lymphocytes of asymptomatic individuals infected with HTLV-1. Methods: Membrane activation markers (CD25+, CD28+, CD45RO+, CD69+, CD62L+, HLA-DR+), FoxP3+ and intracellular IFN-γ expression were evaluated on both CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes from asymptomatic carriers with PVL ≥ and < 1% of infected cells, using flow cytometry. HTLV-1 proviral load was determined using real-time PCR. Results: Asymptomatic carriers with PVL ≥ 1% presented a higher frequency of CD4+CD25+CD45RO+ (13.2% vs. 4%, p = 0.02), CD4+HLA-DR+ (18% vs. 8.3%, p = 0.01) and CD4+IFN-γ+ (4.5%; 1%, p = 0.01) T-cells, than healthy donors. HTLV-1 PVL was directly correlated with the proportion of CD4+CD25+CD45RO+ T-cells (R = 0.7, p = 0.003). Moreover, a significant increase in the proportion of CD4 + FoxP3+ T-cells was observed in HTLV-1-infected individuals, compared to healthy donors. Conclusion: HTLV-1 PVL is associated with activation of both CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes in asymptomatic individuals. Prospective studies should be conducted to evaluate whether asymptomatic individuals with higher PVL and high immune activation are more prone to developing HTLV-1-associated disease

Inhibition of HIV-1 infection by monoclonal antibodies to carbohydrates of Schistosoma mansoni.

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2012-03-23T21:31:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Mello MA Inhibition of HIV-1 infection....pdf: 237058 bytes, checksum: 92429b3474e9a8ce109b3ed427938bc3 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2012-03-23T21:31:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mello MA Inhibition of HIV-1 infection....pdf: 237058 bytes, checksum: 92429b3474e9a8ce109b3ed427938bc3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, Bahia, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, Bahia, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, Bahia, BrasilHarvard School of Public Health. Boston, Massachusetts, USAFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, Bahia, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Patients infected with HIV-1 develop a potent humoral immune response against the virus, but HIV-1 primary isolates are remarkably resistant to neutralizing antibodies. Considering that the envelope glycoprotein of HIV-1 (gp120/41) is heavily glycosylated, we investigated whether anti-carbohydrate antibodies could inhibit HIV-1 infection in vitro. We studied the neutralizing activity of three monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) raised to carbohydrates of Schistosoma mansoni, against seven primary isolates of HIV-1. Assays were performed infecting peripheral blood mononuclear cells from normal donors with viral isolates previously treated with mAbs. Viral strains used were tropic for the coreceptors CCR5, CXCR4, and dual-tropic ones. We found that the anti-glycan mAbs vigorously inhibited HIV-1 infection, regardless of the preferential coreceptor usage of the isolate, in a dose-response manner. Importantly, five isolates were resistant to neutralization by two HIV-1 antibody-positive human sera endowed with potent anti-HIV-1 inhibitory activity. Our findings suggest that carbohydrates of the HIV-1 viral envelope may be a target of an effective humoral immune response elicited by vaccination

Vulvovaginites em mulheres infectadas pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2014-10-07T16:53:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Oliveira P M Vulvovaginites em mulheres....pdf: 516380 bytes, checksum: 71aa35af10913c28366157afb86d9c4e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2014-10-07T16:54:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Oliveira P M Vulvovaginites em mulheres....pdf: 516380 bytes, checksum: 71aa35af10913c28366157afb86d9c4e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-07T17:07:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Oliveira P M Vulvovaginites em mulheres....pdf: 516380 bytes, checksum: 71aa35af10913c28366157afb86d9c4e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. EBMSP. Salvador, BA, BrasilEscola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. EBMSP. Salvador, BA, BrasilEscola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. EBMSP. Salvador, BA, BrasilEscola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. EBMSP. Salvador, BA, BrasilEscola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. EBMSP. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa da Bahia. Fabesp. Salvador, BA, BrasilEscola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. EBMSP. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa da Bahia. Fabesp. Salvador, BA, BrasilEscola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. EBMSP. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilObjetivo: comparar a freqüência de vulvovaginites em mulheres infectadas pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) com mulheres não infectadas. Métodos: estudo de corte transversal com 64 mulheres infectadas pelo HIV e 76 não infectadas. Foram calculadas as freqüências de vaginose bacteriana, candidíase e tricomoníase, que foram diagnosticadas por critérios de Amsel, cultura e exame a fresco, respectivamente. Para análise dos dados, utilizaram-se o teste do χ2, teste exato de Fisher e regressão múltipla para verificar a independência das associações. Resultados: a infecção vaginal foi mais prevalente em pacientes infectadas pelo HIV quando comparadas ao Grupo Controle (59,4 versus 28,9%, p<0,001; Odds Ratio=2,7, IC95%=1,33-5,83, p=0,007). Vaginose bacteriana ocorreu em 26,6% das mulheres HIV positivas; candidíase vaginal, em 29,7% e tricomoníase, em 12,5%. Todas foram significativamente mais freqüentes no grupo de mulheres infectadas pelo HIV (p=0,04, 0,02 e 0,04, respectivamente). Conclusões: vulvovaginites são mais freqüentes em mulheres infectadas pelo HIV.Purpose: to compare the frequency of vulvovaginitis in women infected with human imunnodeficiency virus (HIV) with the frequency in non-infected women. Methods: a transversal study including 64 HIV infected women and 76 noninfected ones. The frequencies of bacterial vaginosis, candidiasis and trichomoniasis, diagnosed by Amsel’s criteria, culture and fresh exam, respectively, were calculated. Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test and multiple regressions to verify the independence of associations were used to analyze the data. Results: the vaginal infection was more prevalent in HIV infected patients, as compared to the control group (59.4 versus 28.9%, p<0,001; Odds Ratio=2.7, IC95%=1.33-5.83, p=0.007). Bacterial vaginosis occurred in 26.6% of the positive-HIV women; vaginal candidiasis, in 29.7% and trichomoniasis, in 12.5% of them. All the infections were significantly more frequent in the group of HIV infected women (p=0.04, 0.02 e 0.04, respectively). Conclusions: vulvovaginitis is more frequent in HIV infected wome