生涯スポーツ的見地から見たスポーツクラブの存続性に関する研究

Recently, lifelong sport is regarded as important in Japan. This advocation for lifelong sport was caused by the discussion on lifelong education at the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultual Organization in 1965. The lifelong sport mainly aims at the maintenance of sport activity through life. Thus, one sport clubs\u27 functions may give each member the opportunity to maintain sport activity in club. In this study some determinant factors for continuation of sport club and the characteristics of sport clubs which were maintained for many years were observed from the investigation of characteristics for sport clubs which were located at seven cities in Aichi Prefecture. Sport clubs were divided into two groups : group A consisted sport clubs which were maintain over 10 years ; group B, under 5 years. The results obtained in this study were statistically analized by means of X^2 test. The result were summarized as follows, 1) In group A, many clubs were essentially established by employees who served in the same company. 2) Sport events provided in group A were mainly popular sports in Japan. 3) Most clubs of group A have the definite purposes to develop skills, to win a game and so on. 4) The numbers of instructor in group A were higher than in group B. 5) More frequencies of practice were observed in group A. 6) Group A had higher skill levels than in group B. 7) The club finance and sport facilities were abundant in group A

A Case of Endoscopic Mucosal Resection of Carcinoma in Adenoma at the Minor Duodenal Papilla

Here, we describe a case of minor papillary adenocarcinoma in adenoma that was treated with endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). In a 67-year-old woman, sigmoid colon cancer was incidentally detected on preoperative upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Endoscopy revealed a slightly elevated lesion at the minor duodenal papilla. The findings of a histopathologic examination were suggestive of adenocarcinoma. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance images identified a minute tumor, whereas endoscopic ultrasonography revealed that the tumor did not spread to the pancreas. We performed EMR of this lesion. There were no complications, and relapse has not occurred in 3 years. Cases of minor papillary adenocarcinoma treated with EMR are quite rare

高齢者の身体活動実施に対する社会的支援の測定尺度に関する研究

The purpose of this study was to develop a social support scale for the physical activity practice of the elderly, by examining the validity of the corresponding social support structure. Data for this study were obtained from visitors over 60 years of age to 3 facilities in the city of Fujisawa in Kanagawa Prefecture. The first step was an exploratory factor analysis to distinguish the social support structure concerning the physical activity practice of the elderly. In the second stage, a confirmatory factor analysis was performed to examine the validity of 3 models constructed from the distinguished social support structure. We found from the exploratory factor analysis that the social support structure for the physical activity practice of the elderly consisted of informational support, support concerning facilities and programs, human support and support for accessibility. Next, it became clear as a result of the confirmatory factor analysis that validity of the model in which the 4 factors have a mutual relation but are independent had a higher conformable coefficient than the other 2 models

スポーツクラブの存続性とクラブ員の参加度に関する研究

本研究を通して, 存続性・参加度を同時に満たしているクラブ群と満たしていないクラブ群とを比較検討した結果, 以下の集団特性が明らかになった。つまり, 存続性・参加度を同時に満たしているクラブ群は, 財政的に自己資金 (会費収入) と企業からの補助金で運営されているが, 満たしていないクラブ群は, 自己資金 (会費収入) だけで運営している。加入条件については, いずれのクラブ群も大多数が有してはいるが, 存続性・参加度を同時に満たしているクラブ群において職域的条件を規定しているのが特徴的である。補助金の内容と考え合わせると存続性・参加度を同時に満たしているクラブ群には, 職場を基盤として派生したクラブが多くなっている。種目構成としては, 存続性・参加度を同時に満たしているクラブ群が野球・バレーボールという種目を実施しているのに対し, 満たしていないクラブ群ではサッカーが多くなっている。競技レベルでは, 存続性・参加度を同時に満たしているクラブ群が, 満たしていないクラブ群より高くなっている。さらに, 存続性・参加度を同時に満たしているクラブ群は, 定期的練習を週単位で行っており, そのための施設としては公的・私的 (企業) 施設の利用が多く, 定期的な利用が可能である。それに対し, 満たしていないクラブ群では, 定期的練習の有る割合が低くなっている。施設利用については, 公的施設の利用が大部分であり, 定期的な利用については, 満たしているクラブ群より困難になっている。指導者については, 存続性・参加度を同時に満たしているクラブ群が, 満たしていないクラブ群より専任指導者を多く有しており, 報酬制度を確立しているクラブも見うけられる。以上の集団特性から, 存続性・参加度を同時に規定する要因として, (1) クラブ運営費の確立立法, (2) 種目構成, (3) 競技レベルの高さ, (4) 加入条件の存在, (5) 定期的練習の確保があげられる。As a policy for fixing daily sport activity in community people, sport clubs were established in most. Some sport clubs keep their function of club activities, however some sport clubs have disrupted. Functioning sport clubs may not only continue over a long period of time but also have a high rate of participation of members. The purpose of this study is to clarify the factors prescribing the club continuance and the participation of members. In this study, the clubs were divided into two groups on the basis of the results on club continuance and participation of members; good group (Continuance over 10 years and above 80% of participation of members) and poor group (Has less 5 years of continuance as sport club and under 40% of participation of members). The results of comparison with two groups were summarized as follows, 1) Good group operate at the expenses of members\u27 fee and funds. On the other hand, poor group operate at the expenses of only members\u27 fee. 2) Both good and poor group have their own entrance qualifications. However, most good group limited to the employee who work in the same company as a club member. 3) Most good group adopted baseball or volleyball as main club sport activity, however most members of poor group participated in soccer club. 4) Athletic level of good group were higher than that of poor group. 5) Good group practiced more regularly than the poor group

主体的社会化論に関する一考察 : ジュニアヨット選手の活動開始時に着目して

The purpose of this study was to examine subjective sport socialization through classification of socializing reasons. Subjective sport socialization is important to get involvement activity. There are two socialization types. One is passive socialization, and the other is positive socialization. Authoer classified and compared the passive and the posive socialization. The data of this study were collected by a questionnaire mailed to 1276 children who belonged to junior yacht clubs in Japan from August to September in 1996. The main finding were as follows : 1) About 50% of the children had started yachting due to their parent\u27s encouragement, and few children started yachting without any encouragement from others. 2) The family influences were stronger than the friend\u27s to get started yaching. About 50% of resons to get started yachting were concerned with parents and about 20% were concerned with siblings, and 10% were concerned with friends. There are few reasons concerned about trial ride and yachting environment. 3) The children seemd to socialized passively were took a force from parents and there is no differencies among age and sex. 4) It is important reason to see the yachting for positive socialization. But there are few children motived by themself, so they started yachting through interaction with others

女性マスターズスイマーの社会化パターン : 過去のスポーツ活動と現在の活動特性

Swimming and underwater exercise have a variety of advantages with regard to the human body There are few muscle or joint injuries because of the water\u27s bupyancy, it is easy to control the training load, and they provide full body exercise, can use many calories in a short time, and have a benefit effect on circulatory organs. For these reasons, the number of middle-aged persons who take up swimming is increasing. The purpose of the present study was to clarify and classify the sports activity patterns of master swimmers. In early November, 1992, we sent a questionnaire survey to 300 members of seven swimming clubs. The number of effective respomses was 156 (52.0%). Subjects were classified into three socialization patterns according to their past and present sports activities; an "Early socialized Group" of those who have continued sports from their student days, a "Resocialized Group" of those who discontinued sports activity after graduating from school and then resumed after a few years rest, and a who stopped doing sports activities after graduating school and start it again after few years rest. "Latter socialized Group" of those who started sports activities after graduating from school. The main results of the study were as follws : 1) Of the respondents, 12.2% were classified in the Early socialized Group, 41.6% in the Resocialized Group, and 46.2% in the Later socialized Group. 2) About a half of the respondents indicated that they started swimming to "make up for the lack of exercise in their daily lives." 3) The main purpos of swimming for most respondents was to "maintain or improve health" and "relieve stress." The was followed by the purpose of "physical training " and "to refresh myselfand change my daily routine" 4) The present attitude of master swimmers toward sports differs according to the sport socialization pattern

精索平滑筋肉腫の1例

61歳男.1年半前より左陰嚢内に腫瘤を自覚, 次第に増大してきた.触診上, 腫瘤は精巣と離れており, 精索に付着していた.弾性硬であること, 超音波検査上内部エコーが不均一なことより悪性が疑われ, 高位精巣切除を施行した.病理組織学的検査の結果, 精索原発の平滑筋肉腫であった.画像的に遠隔移転は認めなかった.術後に放射線療法を行った.術後32ヵ月を経過した現在, 再発は認めていないA 61-year-old man presented to our hospital with a 1.5-year history of a gradually enlarging mass in the left scrotum. The mass was apart from the testis and fixed to the spermatic cord. The firm consistency and heterogeneous expression on ultrasonography suggested a malignant tumor. Orchiectomy with high ligation of the spermatic cord was performed and a histological examination revealed leiomyosarcoma of the spermatic cord. Distant metastases were not observed. Because the incidence of local recurrence has been reported to be high, we performed irradiation to control the disease. At 32 months post-surgery he was alive with no evidence of disease

Successful Endoscopic Removal of a Biliary Stent with Stent-Stone Complex after Long-Term Migration

A 49-year-old man was referred to our hospital for an abnormality of the hepatobiliary enzyme. The patient was diagnosed with primary sclerosing cholangitis 9 years ago, and he had a biliary stent with a string placed as an inside stent. We attempted to remove the stent 6 months later, but the string was cut off, so the stent could not be removed. Removal was attempted again, but the patient cancelled the outpatient appointments. During the examination performed at the present visit, we discovered that the biliary stent had migrated into the bile duct, and a stone had formed around the stent. We attempted to remove the stent-stone complex by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, but it was difficult; thus, we decided to implant a new biliary stent and remove the other stent later. When we performed endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography again 2 days later, the bile duct axis was linearized thanks to the additional stent, enabling us to grab the migrated stent with stent-stone complex using grasping forceps and to successfully pull it out. By implanting an additional plastic stent temporarily, we were able to straighten the biliary axis and endoscopically remove the biliary stent that migrated and caused the development of stent-stone complex in a 2-staged approach