Incidencia de la administración de recursos humanos en el desempeño laboral del Instituto Politécnico de Estelí –IPE, en el primer semestre 2016

En el presente estudio de investigación, se analizó la incidencia de la administración de recursos humanos en el desempeño laboral de los trabajadores del instituto politécnico Estelí en el primer semestre del año 2016, la cual describe el proceso que se utiliza para evaluar el personal. Posteriormente, se identificó el método de evaluación que se utilizan actualmente en la facultad con el fin de realizar una comparación entre la teoría y la práctica. Generalmente la función de recursos humanos está compuesta por áreas tales como el reclutamiento y selección, contratación capacitación, administración y gestión del personal durante la permanencia en la empresa. Al final del documento se encuentran las conclusiones y recomendaciones, las cuales permitirán a la facultad tomarlas en cuenta para mejora continua en la incidencia de la administración de recurso humano, donde la información fue encontrada en libros, páginas web, revistas, entre otras información de mucha importancia. Al final del documento se encuentran las conclusiones y recomendaciones, las cuales permitirán a la facultad tomarlas en cuenta para mejora continua en la incidencia de la administración de recurso humano, donde la información fue encontrada en libros, páginas web, revistas, entre otras información de mucha importancia

Measuring the Complexity of Consciousness

The quest for a scientific description of consciousness has given rise to new theoretical and empirical paradigms for the investigation of phenomenological contents as well as clinical disorders of consciousness. An outstanding challenge in the field is to develop measures that uniquely quantify global brain states tied to consciousness. In particular, information-theoretic complexity measures such as integrated information have recently been proposed as measures of conscious awareness. This suggests a new framework to quantitatively classify states of consciousness. However, it has proven increasingly difficult to apply these complexity measures to realistic brain networks. In part, this is due to high computational costs incurred when implementing these measures on realistically large network dimensions. Nonetheless, complexity measures for quantifying states of consciousness are important for assisting clinical diagnosis and therapy. This article is meant to serve as a lookup table of measures of consciousness, with particular emphasis on clinical applicability of these measures. We consider both, principle-based complexity measures as well as empirical measures tested on patients. We address challenges facing these measures with regard to realistic brain networks, and where necessary, suggest possible resolutions.Comment: 9 page

Rubeosis Iridis Resulting from Agenesis of the Internal Carotid Artery: A Case Report

We report a case of rubeosis iridis resulting from agenesis of the internal carotid artery. Agenesis of the internal carotid artery is a rare congenital anomaly, and most patients do remain asymptomatic, but we should realize that this condition may lead to ocular ischemic changes, the result being rubeosis iridis

Panretinal Photocoagulation Using Short-Pulse Laser Induces Less Inflammation and Macular Thickening in Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy

We compared the effect of panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) using short-pulse laser (SPL) and conventional laser, regardless of the number of spots, in terms of their effect on the progression of diabetic macular edema (DME) and anterior flare intensity (AFI) in patients with high-risk nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (non-PDR). Forty-two eyes of 42 patients were subjected to PRP using the conventional argon laser (Conv group) or SPL (SPL group). CRT and AFI levels in the SPL group were significantly lower than those in the Conv group (CRT at 4, 6, and 10 weeks; AFI at 6, 10, and 18 weeks). Eyes of rabbits were photocoagulated using conventional laser with 500 spots (Conv 500s), SPL with 500 spots (SPL 500s), or 1000 spots (SPL 1000s). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) levels in vitreous humor were measured using an immunoassay. Compared to conventional laser, VEGF, IL-6, and MCP-1 levels were significantly lower in the SPL 1000s and SPL 500s groups. In patients with high-risk non-PDR, SPL has a greater preventive effect on the progression of DME and AFI and produces less inflammatory cytokines than conventional lasers

Direct Photocoagulation Guided by Merged Retinal Images for the Treatment of Focal Diabetic Macular Edema

Purpose. To introduce a novel laser photocoagulation (PC) protocol named merged image-guided PC (MIG-PC), which included merging the images of the fundus, optical coherence tomography (OCT) map, and fluorescein angiography (FA). We compared the anatomical and functional results between MIG-PC and FA-guided PC (FG-PC) for the treatment of focal diabetic macular edema (DME). Method. We examined the treatment outcomes in 27 consecutive eyes treated with MIG-PC compared with 28 matched eyes treated with FG-PC. We identified the microaneurysms (MAs) located in the focal edema areas and ablated them using focal PC. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and retinal thickness (RT) measured using OCT were compared between the groups at baseline and 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 weeks after treatment. Results. The foveal and perifoveal RT were reduced after treatment in both the groups, and the perifoveal RT in the MIG-PC group was significantly lower than that in the FG-PC group at 4 weeks and thereafter. BCVA in the MIG-PC group was significantly higher than that in the FG-PC group at 12 and 24 weeks. The numbers of laser spots (p=0.0001), additional laser treatments (p=0.0121), and intravitreal injection of ranibizumab (p=0.0012) in the MIG-PC group were significantly lower than those in the FG-PC group (Mann–Whitney test). Conclusion. MIG-PC contributed to the improvement in BCVA and reduction in RT, number of laser shots required, and retreatment rates. Based on our data, MIG-PC can be recommended for the treatment of focal DME. This trial is registered with ID UMIN000030390

Effect of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection at the end of vitrectomy for vitreous haemorrhage related to proliferative diabetic retinopathy

Background/Aims To investigate whether intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) combined with vitrectomy prevents postoperative inflammation in patients with vitreous haemorrhage (VH) due to proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Methods This prospective, multicentre, randomised study conducted at seven sites in Japan enrolled patients diagnosed as having VH following PDR. Patients underwent vitrectomy with (IVTA+VIT group) or without (VIT group) IVTA at the end of the surgery. Anterior flare intensity (AFI), central retinal thickness (CRT), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and intraocular pressure (IOP) were measured before and at 3 days, 1 week, 1, 3 and 6 months after surgery and compared. Results Number of patients who completed 6 months of follow-up was 40 and 41 in VIT group and IVTA+VIT group, respectively. AFI was significantly higher in the VIT group than in the IVTA+VIT group at 3 days (P=0.033), 1 week (P=0.019) and 1 month (P=0.037). There were no significant differences in CRT, BCVA and IOP between the groups through the observational periods. In the cases with macular oedema >350 µm of CRT at 3 days, CRT was significantly lower in the IVTA+VIT group than in the VIT group at 1 month (P=0.041). Conclusions IVTA combined with vitrectomy and cataract surgery contributed to inhibit the postoperative inflammation in patients with VH due to PDR. The effect of IVTA in the reduction of diabetic macular oedema may be limited to the early stage after surgery

Inhibitory effects of neurocan and phosphacan on neurite outgrowth from retinal ganglion cells in culture

PURPOSE. Neurocan and phosphacan are nervous tissue-specific chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) that are highly expressed in postnatal rat retina. To elucidate potential roles of neurocan and phosphacan on neurite outgrowth from retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), in vitro experiments were conducted with purified RGCs. METHODS. Neurocan and phosphacan were purified from postnatal rat brain by DEAE-column chromatography and subsequent gel chromatography. RGCs were obtained from postnatal rat retinas by a two-step immunopanning procedure using an anti-Thy 1,1 antibody and an anti-macrophage antibody. Neurite outgrowth from RGCs was examined on poly-L-lysine (PLL)-conditioned plates, and PLL-conditioned plates treated with neurocan or phosphacan. RESULTS. Compared with PLL-conditioned plates, neurocan and phosphacan inhibited neurite outgrowth from RGCs at 48 and 72 hours after seeding. When chondroitin sulfate side chains linked to the core proteins were digested by chondroitinase ABC, the inhibitory effect remained, indicating that the core proteins are related to the effect. Furthermore, the digestion of chondroitin sulfate side chains linked to phosphacan core protein significantly promoted the inhibitory effect of phosphacan on neurite outgrowth from RGCs. CONCLUSIONS. Neurocan and phosphacan, which are highly expressed in postnatal rat retina, inhibit neurite outgrowth from postnatal rat RGCs, indicating that these proteoglycans may be inhibitory factors against neurite outgrowth from RGCs during retinal development. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2001;42: 1930 -193

Incidence of endophthalmitis after intravitreal injection of an anti-VEGF agent with or without topical antibiotics

Intravitreal injection (IVI) of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is the standard treatment modality in various types of retinal diseases. However, endophthalmitis remains the most serious complication. Despite the lack of evidence that antibiotics prevent endophthalmitis, topical antibiotics are still used routinely in Japan. We conducted a retrospective multicenter study by analyzing records from patients who underwent IVI of anti-VEGF agents with or without antibiotic treatment. In the analysis of a total of 147,440 eyes, the incidence of endophthalmitis was 0.007%: 0.005% with no use of antibiotics, 0.009% with antibiotic pretreatment, 0.012% with posttreatment, and 0.005% with pre- and posttreatment. There was no statistically significant difference among the four groups (chi-square test, p = 0.57). Most facilities used masks, sterilized gloves, and drapes. Nine of the 10 eyes that developed endophthalmitis received topical antibiotics, and all infected eyes underwent IVI with aflibercept, not the prefilled syringe delivery system. In four patients who received multiple IVI, the detection of causative bacteria revealed resistance to used antibiotics. Data from this large population, treated with or without antibiotics, suggests that antibiotic prophylaxis does not reduce the rate of endophthalmitis after IVI