High Speed And Large Capacity Compressor-Driving Turbines For Chemical Plants

LecturePg. 59-69.This paper gives a brief description of compressor-driving steam turbines for use in chemical plants. Turbines used for ethylene plants, ammonia plants and LNG plants, in particular, are large-capacity, high-speed variable-speed steam turbines. Their present state and the state of their development are described. Rotor dynamics technique which is the basic design technique for the attainment of their stable operation and blade design and manufacturing techniques are described in detail. Further, the construction of each component part is described in full

The absence of SOX2 in the anterior foregut alters the esophagus into trachea and bronchi in both epithelial and mesenchymal components

In the anterior foregut (AFG) of mouse embryos, the transcription factor SOX2 is expressed in the epithelia of the esophagus and proximal branches of respiratory organs comprising the trachea and bronchi, whereas NKX2.1 is expressed only in the epithelia of respiratory organs. Previous studies using hypomorphic Sox2 alleles have indicated that reduced SOX2 expression causes the esophageal epithelium to display some respiratory organ characteristics. In the present study, we produced mouse embryos with AFG-specific SOX2 deficiency. In the absence of SOX2 expression, a single NKX2.1-expressing epithelial tube connected the pharynx and the stomach, and a pair of bronchi developed in the middle of the tube. Expression patterns of NKX2.1 and SOX9 revealed that the anterior and posterior halves of SOX2-deficient AFG epithelial tubes assumed the characteristics of the trachea and bronchus, respectively. In addition, we found that mesenchymal tissues surrounding the SOX2-deficient NKX2.1-expressing epithelial tube changed to those surrounding the trachea and bronchi in the anterior and posterior halves, as indicated by the arrangement of smooth muscle cells and SOX9-expressing cells and by the expression of Wnt4 (esophagus specific), Tbx4 (respiratory organ specific), and Hoxb6 (distal bronchus specific). The impact of mesenchyme-derived signaling on the early stage of AFG epithelial specification has been indicated. Our study demonstrated an opposite trend where epithelial tissue specification causes concordant changes in mesenchymal tissues, indicating a reciprocity of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions

Nucleophilic substitution reaction of 3-acetyl-1-methoxyindole and its application for the synthesis of novel 2-substituted methyl 2,3-dihydro-1- methyl-3-oxo-5H-pyrido-[4,3-b]indole-4-carboxylates

金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科生理活性物質科学金沢大学薬学部A simple synthetic route was established for 3-acetyl-1-methoxyindole, which was found to undergo nucleophilic substitution reactions selectively at the 2-position. Applying the reaction, novel 2-substituted methyl 2,3- dihydro-1-methyl-3-oxo-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole-4-carboxylates were prepared

Adult Intussusception Due to Endometriosis Arising from the Uterine Tube: Report of a Case

Introduction: Endometriosis is a rare cause of intussusceptions in adults. Although intestinal endometriosis sometimes arises as a consequence of direct involvement of the pelvic organs with endometrial tissue, there is no report that this type of endometriosis causes ileocecal intussusception. Case presentation: Computed tomography assessment of a 40-year-old woman who presented with abdominal pain revealed ileocecal intussusceptions. The patient was managed by endoscopic reduction followed by laparoscopic resection. Adhesion between the right uterine adnexa and caecum was identified during surgery; therefore, combined resection of the uterine adnexa and ileocecum was performed. Pathological findings revealed that endometriosis, arising from the uterine tube and directly involving the cecal wall, had caused the intussusceptions. Conclusion: Although rare, endometriosis should be considered as part of a differential diagnosis of intussusception in adult women who present with abdominal pain. A preoperative diagnosis is sometimes difficult, therefore, surgical resection could be a reasonable strategy to achieve a precise diagnosis

DrosoPhyla: Resources for Drosophilid Phylogeny and Systematics.

The vinegar fly Drosophila melanogaster is a pivotal model for invertebrate development, genetics, physiology, neuroscience, and disease. The whole family Drosophilidae, which contains over 4,400 species, offers a plethora of cases for comparative and evolutionary studies. Despite a long history of phylogenetic inference, many relationships remain unresolved among the genera, subgenera, and species groups in the Drosophilidae. To clarify these relationships, we first developed a set of new genomic markers and assembled a multilocus data set of 17 genes from 704 species of Drosophilidae. We then inferred a species tree with highly supported groups for this family. Additionally, we were able to determine the phylogenetic position of some previously unplaced species. These results establish a new framework for investigating the evolution of traits in fruit flies, as well as valuable resources for systematics