Curved Superspaces and Local Supersymmetry in Supermatrix Model

In a previous paper, we introduced a new interpretation of matrix models, in which any d-dimensional curved space can be realized in terms of d matrices, and the diffeomorphism and the local Lorentz symmetries are included in the ordinary unitary symmetry of the matrix model. Furthermore, we showed that the Einstein equation is naturally obtained, if we employ the standard form of the action, S=-tr([A_a,A_b][A^a,A^b])+.... In this paper, we extend this formalism to include supergravity. We show that the supercovariant derivatives on any d-dimensional curved space can be expressed in terms of d supermatrices, and the local supersymmetry can be regarded as a part of the superunitary symmetry. We further show that the Einstein and Rarita-Schwinger equations are compatible with the supermatrix generalization of the standard action.Comment: 23 pages, 1 figure, PTPTeX. Eqs. (2.18), (2.19) and related comments modifie

Describing Curved Spaces by Matrices

It is shown that a covariant derivative on any d-dimensional manifold M can be mapped to a set of d operators acting on the space of functions on the principal Spin(d)-bundle over M. In other words, any d-dimensional manifold can be described in terms of d operators acting on an infinite dimensional space. Therefore it is natural to introduce a new interpretation of matrix models in which matrices represent such operators. In this interpretation the diffeomorphism, local Lorentz symmetry and their higher-spin analogues are included in the unitary symmetry of the matrix model. Furthermore the Einstein equation is obtained from the equation of motion, if we take the standard form of the action S=-tr([A_{a},A_{b}][A^{a},A^{b}]).Comment: 22 pages, 1 figure. V3: eqs (80) and (81) correcte

〈論文〉彫刻家ジャコモ・マンズーの作品に見られる造形の特質について

本稿はイタリアの現代彫刻家であるジャコモ・マンズーの彫刻に見られる造形的特質を明示することを目的とする。研究の方法として、まずマンズーに纏わる文献の調査を行う。その過程で得られた知識に基づいて彼の作品を実見し比較考察を行った。結果として、マンズーの彫刻作品の形態には人体の表現と衣服の表現に大きな差異が認められた。人体の造形表現について、初期の印象主義的な彫刻から後期にかけて形態の単純化や滑らかな表面処理による表現への移行が確認された。その理由として、マンズーは主題が持つ動勢や精神性を表現するために、彼が「しぐさ」と称する主題の内面を表す動作を表現しようとしていたのではないかと考察した。また、衣服の造形表現について、造形技法の違いによって生まれる造形の特徴を粘土による造形、実際に布を取り込んだ造形、板蝋を用いた造形の三つに大別して考察を行うことで、それぞれの技法によって表現される造形の特質を明らかにした。以上の考察を踏まえた結果、ジャコモ・マンズーは人体と衣服の表現に対して個別に造形技法を探究し、それぞれ異なった表現技法を組み合わせて制作することで多様な作品を生み出していたと考える。The purpose of this study is to elucidate the sculptural features of works by Giacomo Manzu. First of all, I research about his sculptures with literature survey. And based on the results that I surveyed, I considered about his sculptural features with observing and comparing his works. As a result, this reserch revealed there are different features between human body and clothes expression in sculptures of Manzu. On about the human body expression, his early impressionistic expression was changed the one has simple form and smooth surface after a while, because he tried to express the movement or spirit subject of his work has. and on about the clothes expression, I considered about sculptural features of his works divided into three techniques. In conclusion, this study revealed that Giacomo Manzu has made various works by studing the sculptural expression of human body and clothes separately and cobining those expressions he created

閉塞型睡眠時無呼吸症候群患者における早朝の高分子量フォンウィルブランド因子減少は無呼吸の重症度を反映する

Plasma von Willebrand factor (VWF), produced in and released from vascular endothelial cells by various stimuli including hypoxia, induces platelet aggregation under high shear stress and plays dual pivotal roles in haemostasis and thrombosis within arterioles, which are regulated by the size of vWF multimers (VWFMs). Patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) have increased risk of thrombotic cardiovascular events, but the pathogenesis is unclear. We examined the relationship between VWF and OSA by measuring VWF antigen (VWF:Ag), VWFMs, VWF collagen binding activity (VWF:CB) and a disintegrin-like, metalloproteinase, and thrombospiondin type 1 motifs 13. A total of 58 OSA patients were enrolled. Blood samples were collected before sleep, after sleep, and after one night of nasal continuous positive airway pressure therapy. Based on VWFM analysis, OSA patients were classified into three groups; consistently normal VWFMs (group 1, n=29), increased high molecular weight (HMW)-VWFMs at 06:00 h (group 2, n=18), and decreased or absent HMW-VWFMs at 06:00 h (group 3, n=11). Patients in group 3 had significantly worse apnoea/hypopnoea index; VWF:CB followed a similar pattern. We observed a significant decrease in platelet count between 21:00 h and 06:00 h in OSA patients, potentially associated with reduced larger VWFMs together with decreased VWF:Ag levels. Severe OSA may contribute to an arterial pro-thrombotic state.博士（医学）・乙第1294号・平成24年5月28日Copyright © 2012 by the European Respiratory Societ

Clinical and Arthroscopic Findings of Acute Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears of the Knee

Clinical, arthrographic, and arthroscopic findings in 53 patients with acutely torn anterior cruciate ligaments (ACLs) were documented. Arthroscopy and instability tests under anesthesia were performed on all patients within 2 weeks after the initial injury. Twenty-three patients complained of extension blocks, and localized tenderness on the medial side was revealed in 26 patients at the initial examination. Aspiration from joints exhibited hemarthrosis in 52 patients. Arthroscopy revealed ACL ruptures in all patients. Four Segond's fractures, 26 meniscus tears (8 medial and 18 lateral), 1 osteochondral fracture, and 19 medial collateral ligament ruptures were revealed. Arthroscopy detected only 1 of the 5 ruptures of the posteromedial corner of the medial meniscus, which were noted on arthrography. Three ACL stumps were protruding among the femorotibial joint, which seemed to be restricting full extension. Statistical analysis showed that tenderness on the medial side was not revealed more frequently in knees with medial collateral ligament injuries than in the others. The volume of aspirated fluids in knees with no leakage in arthrography significantly increased over those with leakages (p < 0.05). Diagnosis of ACL injuries should be completed by clinical, arthrographic, and arthroscopic examinations

Influence of Tunneling on Electron Screening in Low Energy Nuclear Reactions

Using a semiclassical mean field theory, we show that the screening potential exhibits a characteristic radial variation in the tunneling region in sharp contrast to the assumption of the constant shift in all previous works. Also, we show that the explicit treatment of the tunneling region gives a larger screening energy than that in the conventional approach, which studies the time evolution only in the classical region and estimates the screening energy from the screening potential at the external classical turning point. This modification becomes important if the electronic state is not a single adiabatic state at the external turning point. Furthermore, as an alternative solution of the screening problem, we give the estimation for the effect of extra electrons which are caught into the ground state of the projectile by using constraint molecular dynamics