18,641 research outputs found
Analytic quasi-perodic cocycles with singularities and the Lyapunov Exponent of Extended Harper's Model
We show how to extend (and with what limitations) Avila's global theory of
analytic SL(2,C) cocycles to families of cocycles with singularities. This
allows us to develop a strategy to determine the Lyapunov exponent for extended
Harper's model, for all values of parameters and all irrational frequencies. In
particular, this includes the self-dual regime for which even heuristic results
did not previously exist in physics literature. The extension of Avila's global
theory is also shown to imply continuous behavior of the LE on the space of
analytic -cocycles. This includes rational approximation of
the frequency, which so far has not been available
Optical diffraction of focused spots and subwavelength structures
We have developed a numerical diffraction tool for cases in which the incident field is a focused spot and the diffracting structure is a single structure or an aperiodic surface. Our approach uses the integral formulation to solve Maxwell’s equations and is different from previously published methods in its choice of basis function. We compared numerical results with experimental measurements of the far-field intensity for a focused spot incident on an aluminum grating, and the comparison was favorable. Finally, we predict the diffraction behavior of the proposed digital video disk format for the next generation of optical disk. Our analysis shows that the reflected signal for this format has a strong dependence on the polarization of the incident light
Polarization quadrature measurement of subwavelength diffracting structures
The amplitude and the phase of the diffracted far field depends on polarization when the diffracting structure is comparable to or less than the wavelength. When the far-field amplitude and the phase of one polarization with respect to the orthogonal polarization is measured, small changes in the structure can be measured. To make the far-field polarization measurements, we design a detector that measures the relative polarization amplitude and the phase in quadrature. We predict numerically and verify experimentally the polarization amplitude and the phase for an optical disc and a set of gratings with varying depth. Our results show that this measurement technique is sensitive to small variations in the diffracting structure and that it can be useful in applications such as critical dimension and overlay metrology in microelectronics fabrication
AIGO: a southern hemisphere detector for the worldwide array of ground-based interferometric gravitational wave detectors
This paper describes the proposed AIGO detector for the worldwide array of interferometric gravitational wave detectors. The first part of the paper summarizes the benefits that AIGO provides to the worldwide array of detectors. The second part gives a technical description of the detector, which will follow closely the Advanced LIGO design. Possible technical variations in the design are discussed
Plane wave/pseudopotential implementation of excited state gradients in density functional linear response theory: a new route via implicit differentiation
This work presents the formalism and implementation of excited state nuclear
forces within density functional linear response theory (TDDFT) using a plane
wave basis set. An implicit differentiation technique is developed for
computing nonadiabatic coupling between Kohn-Sham molecular orbital
wavefunctions as well as gradients of orbital energies which are then used to
calculate excited state nuclear forces. The algorithm has been implemented in a
plane wave/pseudopotential code taking into account only a reduced active
subspace of molecular orbitals. It is demonstrated for the H and N
molecules that the analytical gradients rapidly converge to the exact forces
when the active subspace of molecular orbitals approaches completeness
Ekonomiese en Bedryfswoordeboek: Engels–Afrikaans/Dictionary of Eco-nomics and Business: English–Afrikaans
W.F.J. Steenkamp en/and H.J.J. Reynders (Hoofredakteurs/Chief Edi-tors. Ekonomiese en Bedryfswoordeboek: Engels–Afrikaans/Dictionary of Eco-nomics and Business: English–Afrikaans. Tweede, hersiene en vermeerder-de uitgawe/Second, revised and enlarged edition. 2004, xii + 1199 pp. ISBN 1868900312. Kaapstad/Cape Town: Pharos Woordeboeke/Dic-tionaries. Prys/Price: R400
Paradigms for Parameterized Enumeration
The aim of the paper is to examine the computational complexity and
algorithmics of enumeration, the task to output all solutions of a given
problem, from the point of view of parameterized complexity. First we define
formally different notions of efficient enumeration in the context of
parameterized complexity. Second we show how different algorithmic paradigms
can be used in order to get parameter-efficient enumeration algorithms in a
number of examples. These paradigms use well-known principles from the design
of parameterized decision as well as enumeration techniques, like for instance
kernelization and self-reducibility. The concept of kernelization, in
particular, leads to a characterization of fixed-parameter tractable
enumeration problems.Comment: Accepted for MFCS 2013; long version of the pape
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