Proceedings of the inaugural International Summit for Medical Nutrition Education and Research

© 2016 The Royal Society for Public Health Medical Nutrition Education (MNE) has been identified as an area with potential public health impact. Despite countries having distinctive education systems, barriers and facilitators to effective MNE are consistent across borders, demanding a common platform to initiate global programmes. A shared approach to supporting greater MNE is ideal to support countries to work together. In an effort to initiate this process, the Need for Nutrition Education/Innovation Programme group, in association with their strategic partners, hosted the inaugural International Summit on Medical Nutrition Education and Research on August 8, 2015 in Cambridge, UK. Speakers from the UK, the USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Italy, and India provided insights into their respective countries including their education systems, inherent challenges, and potential solutions across two main themes: (1) Medical Nutrition Education, focused on best practice examples in competencies and assessment; and (2) Medical Nutrition Research, discussing how to translate nutrition research into education opportunities. The Summit identified shared needs across regions, showcased examples of transferrable strategies and identified opportunities for collaboration in nutrition education for healthcare (including medical) professionals. These proceedings highlight the key messages presented at the Summit and showcase opportunities for working together towards a common goal of improvement in MNE to improve public health at large

Maturity associated variance in physical activity and health-related quality of life in adolescent females. A mediated effects model

BACKGROUND. This study tested a mediated effects model of psychological and behavioral adaptation to puberty within the context of physical activity (PA). METHODS. Biological maturity status, physical self-concept, PA, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) were assessed in 222 female British year 7 to 9 pupils (mean age = 12.7 years, SD = .8). RESULTS. Structural equation modeling using maximum likelihood estimation and bootstrapping procedures supported the hypothesized model. Maturation status was inversely related to perceptions of sport competence, body attractiveness, and physical condition; and indirectly and inversely related to physical self-worth, PA, and HRQoL. Examination of the bootstrap-generated bias-corrected confidence intervals representing the direct and indirect paths between suggested that physical self-concept partially mediated the relations between maturity status and PA, and maturity status and HRQoL. CONCLUSIONS. Evidence supports the contention that perceptions of the physical self partially mediate relations maturity, PA, and HRQoL in adolescent females

Mixing and matching N, N - and N, O -chelates in anionic Mg( i ) compounds: synthesis and reactivity with RN 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 11111111 00000000 11111111 00000000 00000000 00000000 C NR and CO †

Reduction of [Mg(NON)]2 ([NON]2− = [O(SiMe2NDipp)2]2−, Dipp = 2,6-iPr2C6H3) affords Mg(i) species containing NON- and NNO-ligands ([NNO]2− = [N(Dipp)SiMe2N(Dipp)SiMe2O]2−). The products of reactions with iPrNCNiPr and CO are consistent with the presence of reducing Mg(i) centres. Extraction with THF affords [K(THF)2]2[(NNO)Mg–Mg(NNO)] with a structurally characterised Mg–Mg bond that was examined using density functional theory

Sprint cycling rate of torque development associates with strength measurement in trained cyclists

Purpose: A cyclist’s rate of force/torque development (RFD/RTD) and peak force/torque can be measured during single-joint or whole-body isometric tests, or during cycling. However, there is limited understanding of the relationship between these measures, and of the mechanisms that contribute to each measure. Therefore, we examined the: (i) relationship between quadriceps central and peripheral neuromuscular function with RFD/RTD in isometric knee extension, isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP), and sprint cycling; and (ii) relationship among RFD/RTD and peak force/torque between protocols. Methods: Eighteen trained cyclists completed two familiarisation and two experimental sessions. Each session involved an isometric knee extension, IMTP, and sprint cycling protocol, where peak force/torque, average and peak RFD/RTD, and early (0 – 100 ms) and late (0–200 ms) RFD/RTD were measured. Additionally, measures of quadriceps central and peripheral neuromuscular function were assessed during the knee extension. Results: Strong relationships were observed between quadriceps early EMG activity (EMG50/M) and knee extension RTD (r or ρ = 0.51 – 0.65) and IMTP late RFD (r = 0.51), and between cycling early or late RTD and peak twitch torque (r or ρ = 0.70 – 0.75). Strong-to-very strong relationships were observed between knee extension, IMTP, and sprint cycling for peak force/torque, early and late RFD/RTD, and peak RFD/RTD (r or ρ = 0.59 – 0.80). Conclusion: In trained cyclists, knee extension RTD or IMTP late RFD are related to measures of quadriceps central neuromuscular function, while cycling RTD is related to measures of quadriceps peripheral neuromuscular function. Further, the strong associations among force/torque measures between tasks indicate a level of transferability across tasks

Peer observation of teaching: A decoupled process

This article details the findings of research into the academic teaching staff experience of peer observation of their teaching practice. Peer observation is commonly used as a tool to enhance a teacher’s continuing professional development. Research participants acknowledged its ability to help develop their teaching practice, but they also reported that it could operate superficially as a tick box exercise, that its outcomes were frequently decoupled from formal staff development processes, and that its purpose and usefulness therefore seemed unclear. This article argues that the presence of decoupling reinforces the need to account for structural factors that can interact with peer observation of teaching to ensure it is a meaningful exercise for all teaching staff. It concludes that the published academic literature is perhaps guilty of overplaying the role of personal choice and individual tutor characteristics when addressing the complex issue that is staff disengagement with peer observation of teaching

Evaluation of the supramolecular interaction of Congo red with cucurbiturils using mass spectrometry and spectroscopic methods

The ability of cucurbit[n]urils (CB[n]) to decolourise aqueous solutions of the azo dye Congo red (CR) was described more than a century ago alongside the first synthesis of CB[n]. No subsequent studies of the nature of the physical interactions have been reported despite the interest in using CB[n] as adsorbents for the removal of CR and related organic dyes from wastewaters. In the present work the supramolecular interaction between CB[n] (n = 7, 8) and CR was studied by electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), 1H NMR, and solid-state characterisation of isolated complexes. Under positive ESI, the formation of host–guest complexes in the gas phase was not observed, suggesting that CR anions do not interact with the portals and the nonpolar inner cavity of the CB[n] molecules. Conversely, under negative ESI, 1 : 1 and higher order (1 : 2, 2 : 1, 3 : 1 and 2 : 2) CR: CB[7] and CR: CB[8] adducts were detected, which is attributed to interaction between CR and the outer surface hydrogens of CB[n]. Solid-state supramolecular adducts between CB[n] and CR were isolated from aqueous media under either ambient conditions, giving structures denoted as CR@CB[n](RT), or hydrothermal (100 ºC) conditions, giving structures denoted as CR@CB[n](100). The adducts were characterised by elemental and thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and spectroscopic methods (FT-IR, FT-Raman, 13C{1H} CP MAS NMR, UV/vis and near-IR absorption, fluorescence excitation and emission). The interaction conditions and acid content of the starting CB[n] influenced the protonation state of CR molecules. CR@CB[7](RT) contained only unprotonated CR, while CR@CB[8](100) contained exclusively protonated CR (ammonium and azonium/quinoid structures). Other adducts contained mixtures of protonated/unprotonated forms.publishe

Summary of the SUSY Working Group of the 1999 Les Houches Workshop

The results obtained by the Working Group on Supersymmetry at the 1999 Les Houches Workshop on Collider Physics are summarized. Separate chapters treat "general" supersymmetry, R-parity violation, gauge mediated supersymmetry breaking, and anomaly mediated supersymmetry breaking.Comment: LaTeX, 110 pages with numerous .ps and .eps files. proc.tex is main tex fil