Alteração estrutural de uma área florestal explorada convencionalmente na bacia do Paraíba do Sul, Minas Gerais, nos domínios de Floresta Atlântica Structural changes in a conventionally exploited forest in the Paraíba do Sul basin, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, in the Atlantic Forest domain

O presente estudo, realizado no município de Matias Barbosa,MG, na Fazenda Paciência, teve como objetivo avaliar as alterações estruturais ocorridas em uma Floresta Estacional Semidecidual, nos domínios de floresta Atlântica, em decorrência das atividades de exploração convencional de um plano de manejo. Para isso, foi utilizado um trecho contínuo de floresta que teve uma área explorada há seis anos e outra área não-explorada. Foram lançadas parcelas para estudo da vegetação arbórea, nas quais se avaliou a sua estrutura. Os dados foram analisados de forma comparativa, considerando-se a situação observada na área de floresta não-explorada como desejável. O resultado do estudo indicou que a atividade de exploração madeireira realizada na Fazenda Paciência tem levado a alterações significativas na estrutura, além de um depauperamento do valor comercial do estoque remanescente da área de floresta explorada, podendo levar a um comprometimento dos recursos da comunidade florestal.<br>The objectives of this study were to evaluate the structural changes caused by the activities of a conventional management plan in a semideciduous forest in the Atlantic Forest domain. The study was conducted in the Fazenda Paciência, municipality of Matias Barbosa, Minas Gerais state, Brazil. A continuous stretch of forest was analyzed, which contained areas that were exploited six years ago and areas that remained untouched. Plots were established to survey the floristic and structural composition of the arboreal vegetation. Data were analized in a comparative way and the state of the non-exploited forest was considered as the desirable one. The study results indicated that the harvesting as it was done at the Fazenda Paciência was causing significant changes in the floristic and structural composition, aside from decreasing the commercial value of the remaining stock, which could endanger the forest resources of the area

Implementation of a Brazilian Cardioprotective Nutritional (BALANCE) Program for improvement on quality of diet and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events: A randomized, multicenter trial

Background: Appropriate dietary recommendations represent a key part of secondary prevention in cardiovascular disease (CVD). We evaluated the effectiveness of the implementation of a nutritional program on quality of diet, cardiovascular events, and death in patients with established CVD. Methods: In this open-label, multicenter trial conducted in 35 sites in Brazil, we randomly assigned (1:1) patients aged 45 years or older to receive either the BALANCE Program (experimental group) or conventional nutrition advice (control group). The BALANCE Program included a unique nutritional education strategy to implement recommendations from guidelines, adapted to the use of affordable and regional foods. Adherence to diet was evaluated by the modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index. The primary end point was a composite of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular death, cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, stroke, myocardial revascularization, amputation, or hospitalization for unstable angina. Secondary end points included biochemical and anthropometric data, and blood pressure levels. Results: From March 5, 2013, to Abril 7, 2015, a total of 2534 eligible patients were randomly assigned to either the BALANCE Program group (n = 1,266) or the control group (n = 1,268) and were followed up for a median of 3.5 years. In total, 235 (9.3%) participants had been lost to follow-up. After 3 years of follow-up, mean modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index (scale 0-70) was only slightly higher in the BALANCE group versus the control group (26.2 ± 8.4 vs 24.7 ± 8.6, P <.01), mainly due to a 0.5-serving/d greater intake of fruits and of vegetables in the BALANCE group. Primary end point events occurred in 236 participants (18.8%) in the BALANCE group and in 207 participants (16.4%) in the control group (hazard ratio, 1.15; 95% CI 0.95-1.38; P =.15). Secondary end points did not differ between groups after follow-up. Conclusions: The BALANCE Program only slightly improved adherence to a healthy diet in patients with established CVD and had no significant effect on the incidence of cardiovascular events or death. © 2019 The Author