ENTRAVES, MUDANÇAS E CONTINUIDADES NA POLÍTICA DE ASSISTÊNCIA ESTUDANTIL DA UFRN

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma tese de doutorado que teve como objetivo analisar a política de assistência estudantil na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) durante a primeira década de implementação do Programa Nacional de Assistência Estudantil (Pnaes), entre 2011 e 2020. O artigo está organizado em três seções: Metodologia, Fóruns e Referências de Assistência Estudantil no Brasil e Contexto, Cultura Organizacional e Referências Normativas e Cognitivas da Burocracia na Assistência Estudantil na UFRN. O estudo inclui revisão da literatura, análise de documentos regulatórios e entrevistas com seis servidores públicos da UFRN. O artigo destaca os desafios contínuos da assistência estudantil no Brasil, especialmente diante dos cortes orçamentários nas universidades públicas, que exacerbam a desigualdade socioeconômica. O artigo argumenta que as práticas de governança neoliberal têm impactado a política de assistência estudantil e a UFRN tem se esforçado na institucionalização das práticas de governança, e os gestores responsáveis pela assistência estudantil na universidade atribuem grande importância a esses elementos. Em que pese a importância das ações para a manutenção dos estudantes atendidos, o estudo sugere que mudanças mais significativas são necessárias para melhorar a assistência estudantil na UFRN.

PLUVIOMETRIA ESPAÇO-TEMPORAL DA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO UNA: Spatial-temporal pluviometry of the Una Basin

The Una River Basin holds a diversified rainfall regime. Due to the extension of this Basin, it is inserted in two mesoregions of the Pernambuco state (Zona da Mata and Agreste), which present different climatic patterns. In this context, this research aims to analyze the space-time rainfall behavior in the Una River Basin. This evaluation was carried out through the analysis of homogeneity by the K-Mean algorithm, filling of lacks with the regional vector and spatialization of the average monthly and annual data with the IDW algorithm. According to the monthly rainfall regimen the Cluster K-Mean algorithm coherently determined four clusters in the Una River basin. Regarding the pluviometric lacks, the regional vector method showed good results in the filling of monthly lacks. The double mass curve allowed the perception of consistency of the annual rainfall data. A great variability was observed in the spatialization of the annual total precipitations and of the months considered humid, from which the rainfall decreases in the East-West direction (inversely to the altitude).A Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Una detém de um regime pluviométrico diversificado. Graças a sua extensão ela está inserida em duas mesorregiões Pernambucanas (Zona da Mata e Agreste) que apresentam padrões climáticos distintos. Nesse contexto, essa pesquisa visa analisar o comportamento pluviométrico espaço-temporal na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Una, por meio de uma análise de homogeneidade pelo algoritmo K-Mean, preenchimento de falhas com o vetor regional e espacialização dos dados médios mensais e anuais com o algoritmo do IDW. De acordo com o regime pluviométrico mensal o algoritmo Cluster K-Mean determinou coerentemente quatro clusters na Bacia hidrográfica do Rio Una. Quanto ao preenchimento de falhas pluviométricas, o método do vetor regional demonstrou bons resultados no preenchimento de falhas mensais. Com a curva de dupla massa, foi possível perceber consistência dos dados pluviométricos anuais. Na espacialização foi constatada uma grande variabilidade nas precipitações totais anuais e nos meses considerados úmidos, dos quais detêm a magnitude pluviométrica decrescente na direção Leste-Oeste (inversamente a altitude)

Diel and seasonal changes of biogenic volatile organic compounds within and above an Amazonian rainforest

The Amazonian rainforest is a large tropical ecosystem, which is one of the last pristine continental terrains. This ecosystem is ideally located for the study of diel and seasonal behaviour of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) in the absence of local human interference. In this study, we report the first atmospheric BVOC measurements at the Amazonian Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO) site, located in central Amazonia. A quadrupole proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometer (PTR-MS), with seven ambient air inlets, positioned from near ground to about 80 m (0.05, 0.5, 4, 24, 38, 53 and 79 m above the forest floor), was deployed for BVOC monitoring. We report diel and seasonal (February-March 2013 as wet season and September 2013 as dry season) ambient mixing ratios for isoprene, monoterpenes, isoprene oxidation products, acetaldehyde, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), methanol and acetonitrile. Clear diel and seasonal patterns were observed for all compounds. In general, lower mixing ratios were observed during night, while maximum mixing ratios were observed during the wet season (February-March 2013), with the peak in solar irradiation at 12:00 LT (local time) and during the dry season (September 2013) with the peak in temperature at 16:00 LT. Isoprene and monoterpene mixing ratios were the highest within the canopy with a median of 7.6 and 1 ppb, respectively (interquartile range (IQR) of 6.1 and 0.38 ppb) during the dry season (at 24 m, from 12:00 to 15:00 LT). The increased contribution of oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) above the canopy indicated a transition from dominating forest emissions during the wet season (when mixing ratios were higher than within the canopy), to a blend of biogenic emission, photochemical production and advection during the dry season when mixing ratios were higher above the canopy. Our observations suggest strong seasonal interactions between environmental (insolation, temperature) and biological (phenology) drivers of leaf BVOC emissions and atmospheric chemistry. Considerable differences in the magnitude of BVOC mixing ratios, as compared to other reports of Amazonian BVOC, demonstrate the need for long-term observations at different sites and more standardized measurement procedures, in order to better characterize the natural exchange of BVOCs between the Amazonian rainforest and the atmosphere. © Author(s) 2015

Doenças cardiovasculares em crianças com síndrome inflamatória multissistêmica decorrente de infecção por covid-19: uma revisão integrativa / Cardiovascular diseases in children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome from covid-19 infection: an integrative review

INTRODUÇÃO: Recentemente, tem sido descrita na literatura, a Síndrome Inflamatória Multissistêmica em crianças (MIS-C) associada ao novo coronavírus. Nesse sentido, essa revisão tem como finalidade analisar as principais manifestações clínicas da MIS-C associada à COVID-19, focando nas alterações cardiovasculares causadas pela doença. METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura científica, norteada pela questão: “Quais as manifestações cardiovasculares da MIS-C nas crianças infectadas pelo SARS-Cov-2?”. A busca foi realizada no banco de dados PUBMED em abril de 2021, os descritores utilizados foram: “Pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome” “COVID-19”, e “Cardiac Diseases” e ao realizar a pesquisa foi aplicado o operador booleano “and”. RESULTADOS: Os 20 artigos selecionados descreveram dados de 427 pacientes pediátricos, com COVID-19 e que apresentam MIS-C, associada a possíveis doenças cardíacas. DISCUSSÃO: Foram encontrados nos pacientes alterações cardiovasculares como, redução da fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo, vasculite, insuficiência mitral leve, dilatação da artéria coronária esquerda média e da artéria coronária descendente proximal esquerda, derrame pericárdio, regurgitação valvar, miocardite e alterações eletrocardiográficas. CONCLUSÃO: Dada a possibilidade de crianças desenvolverem formas graves da doença, observa-se que essa ainda tem muito a ser explorada pela comunidade médica pesquisadora

FALÊNCIA HEPÁTICA AGUDA INDUZIDA POR PARACETAMOL: FISIOPATOLOGIA, DIAGNÓSTICO E MANEJO CLÍNICO

Introduction: Paracetamol, known as acetaminophen, is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that inhibits cyclooxygenase-3 (COX-3). Its antipyretic and analgesic actions, combined with low cost and safety, make it widely used, even without a medical prescription. However, due to hepatic metabolism and its high hepatotoxic potential at elevated doses or in the presence of hepatic comorbidities, paracetamol is the leading cause of drug-induced acute liver injury worldwide. This study aims to discuss the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and clinical management of paracetamol-induced acute liver failure. Methodology: A search was conducted in the electronic databases PubMed, Scielo, and LILACS using the descriptors "Acetaminophen," "Overdose," "Treatment," and "Acetylcysteine." Fifteen relevant articles were selected after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results and Discussion: Paracetamol is metabolized in the liver, producing inactive metabolites excreted in the urine. However, a small fraction is metabolized to N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI), a highly hepatotoxic compound that causes cell necrosis by covalently binding to hepatic proteins. NAPQI is neutralized by glutathione (GSH), forming an inert compound excreted in the urine. Symptoms of paracetamol intoxication range from mild (nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort) to severe (jaundice, hepatic encephalopathy, coagulopathy) and occur in four phases. Rapid identification of the condition, assessment of the ingested dose, and time since ingestion are crucial. Conclusion: Effective management requires rapid identification, accurate assessment of the ingested dose, monitoring of hepatic markers, and early administration of NAC. Timely interventions are essential to prevent fatal complications and ensure patient recovery.Introdução: O paracetamol, conhecido como acetaminofeno, é um medicamento anti-inflamatório não esteroidal (AINE) que inibe a ciclooxigenase-3 (COX-3. Sua ação antipirética e analgésica, combinada com baixo custo e segurança, torna-o amplamente utilizado, mesmo sem prescrição médica. No entanto, devido à metabolização hepática e seu alto potencial hepatotóxico em doses elevadas ou em presença de comorbidades hepáticas, o paracetamol é a principal causa de lesão hepática aguda induzida por drogas no mundo. Este estudo visa discutir a fisiopatologia, diagnóstico e manejo clínico da falência hepática aguda induzida por paracetamol. Metodologia: Realizou-se pesquisa nas bases de dados eletrônicas PubMed, Scielo e LILACS com os descritores “Acetaminophen”, “Overdose”, “Treatment” e “Acetylcysteine”. Foram selecionados 15 artigos relevantes após aplicação de critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Resultados e Discussão: O paracetamol é metabolizado no fígado, produzindo metabólitos inativos excretados pela urina. Porém, uma pequena fração é metabolizada e gera N-acetil-p-benzoquinona imina (NAPQI), um composto altamente hepatotóxico que causa necrose celular ao se ligar covalentemente às proteínas hepáticas. NAPQI é neutralizado pela glutationa (GSH), formando um composto inerte excretado pela urina. Os sintomas de intoxicação por paracetamol variam de leves (náuseas, vômitos, desconforto abdominal) a graves (icterícia, encefalopatia hepática, coagulopatia) e ocorrem em quatro fases. A rápida identificação da condição, avaliação da dose ingerida e o tempo desde a ingestão são cruciais. Conclusão: O manejo eficaz requer identificação rápida, avaliação precisa da dose ingerida, monitoramento de marcadores hepáticos, e administração precoce de NAC. Intervenções oportunas são essenciais para prevenir complicações fatais e garantir a recuperação do paciente

Intra- and interannual changes in isoprene emission from central Amazonia

Isoprene emissions are a key component in biosphere-atmosphere interactions, and the most significant global source is the Amazon rainforest. However, intra- and interannual variations in biological and environmental factors that regulate isoprene emission from Amazonia are not well understood and, thereby, are poorly represented in models. Here, with datasets covering several years of measurements at the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO) in central Amazonia, Brazil, we (1) quantified canopy profiles of isoprene mixing ratios across seasons of normal and anomalous years and related them to the main drivers of isoprene emission - solar radiation, temperature, and leaf phenology; (2) evaluated the effect of leaf age on the magnitude of the isoprene emission factor (Es) from different tree species and scaled up to canopy with intra- and interannual leaf age distribution derived by a phenocam; and (3) adapted the leaf age algorithm from the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature (MEGAN) with observed changes in Es across leaf ages. Our results showed that the variability in isoprene mixing ratios was higher between seasons (max during the dry-to-wet transition seasons) than between years, with values from the extreme 2015 El Niño year not significantly higher than in normal years. In addition, model runs considering in situ observations of canopy Es and the modification on the leaf age algorithm with leaf-level observations of Es presented considerable improvements in the simulated isoprene flux. This shows that MEGAN estimates of isoprene emission can be improved when biological processes are mechanistically incorporated into the model.This research was supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, BMBF funds 01LB1001A; Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovation and Communication; FINEP/MCTIC contract 01.11.01248.00); UEA; FAPEAM; LBA/INPA; and SDS/CEUC/RDS-Uatumã. It was also supported by grant nos. NSF-PRFB-1711997 and NSF-1754163. The article processing charges for this open-access publication were covered by the Max Planck Society.Peer reviewe

Post-intervention Status in Patients With Refractory Myasthenia Gravis Treated With Eculizumab During REGAIN and Its Open-Label Extension

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether eculizumab helps patients with anti-acetylcholine receptor-positive (AChR+) refractory generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) achieve the Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America (MGFA) post-intervention status of minimal manifestations (MM), we assessed patients' status throughout REGAIN (Safety and Efficacy of Eculizumab in AChR+ Refractory Generalized Myasthenia Gravis) and its open-label extension. METHODS: Patients who completed the REGAIN randomized controlled trial and continued into the open-label extension were included in this tertiary endpoint analysis. Patients were assessed for the MGFA post-intervention status of improved, unchanged, worse, MM, and pharmacologic remission at defined time points during REGAIN and through week 130 of the open-label study. RESULTS: A total of 117 patients completed REGAIN and continued into the open-label study (eculizumab/eculizumab: 56; placebo/eculizumab: 61). At week 26 of REGAIN, more eculizumab-treated patients than placebo-treated patients achieved a status of improved (60.7% vs 41.7%) or MM (25.0% vs 13.3%; common OR: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.1-4.5). After 130 weeks of eculizumab treatment, 88.0% of patients achieved improved status and 57.3% of patients achieved MM status. The safety profile of eculizumab was consistent with its known profile and no new safety signals were detected. CONCLUSION: Eculizumab led to rapid and sustained achievement of MM in patients with AChR+ refractory gMG. These findings support the use of eculizumab in this previously difficult-to-treat patient population. CLINICALTRIALSGOV IDENTIFIER: REGAIN, NCT01997229; REGAIN open-label extension, NCT02301624. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class II evidence that, after 26 weeks of eculizumab treatment, 25.0% of adults with AChR+ refractory gMG achieved MM, compared with 13.3% who received placebo