668 research outputs found
Biodiversidad fitoplanctónica y variables abióticas del embalse Escaba (Tucumán, Argentina)
Con el propósito de analizar la composición fitoplanctónica y variables fisicoquímicas del embalse Escaba, se realizaron muestreos estacionales desde agosto/10 a mayo/12 en la zona limnética (ZL) y desembocaduras de sus tributarios: ríos Chavarría, Las Moras, El Chorro y Singuil (RS). Para la obtención de las muestras se siguieron protocolos convencionales. El agua fue bicarbonatada-cálcica-sódica, alcalina, con temperaturas de 12,5-28 ºC, detectándose una estratificación térmica en primavera y verano. Se obtuvieron los siguientes valores para las variables físico-químicas medidas: transparencia entre 0,12-4,1m, conductividad eléctrica (CE) 83-218 μS/cm, oxígeno disuelto (OD) 2,7-14,5 mg/l, DBO5 <5-183 mg/l, nitrato <0,5-7 mg/l, ortofosfato <0,015-0,22 mg/l y biomasa 6-2511 μg/l de clorofila a. En la relación N/P se observó una deficiencia de fósforo principalmente para verano-otoño. El fitoplancton estuvo representado por especies de Bacillariophyceae (77), Chlorophyta (41), Cyanobacteria (12), Euglenophyta (5) y Dinophyta (1). La densidad algal (ind/ml) varió de 84 (ZL fondo-ago/10) a 6924 (RS-mar/11). La diversidad específica fluctuó entre 0-3,98. Mediante modelos lineales generalizados con distribución binomial negativa se analizaron las variaciones en las abundancias de los grupos algales en función de las estaciones del año, sitios y variables fisicoquímicas. Sólo se registraron cambios con CE, OD, DBO5, compuestos nitrogenados y ortofosfato. Según los resultados la dominancia de Ceratium hirundinella en todas las temporadas coincidió con bajas concentraciones de NO3- con excepción de noviembre 2011 donde sobresalieron las Chlorophyta. Asimismo, los elevados valores de biomasa fueron indicativos de una condición hipertrófica avalada por el nitrógeno total, el fósforo total y transparencia.Fil: Tracanna, Beatriz Concepcion. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico - Tucumán. Unidad Ejecutora Lillo; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo. Instituto de Limnología del Noroeste Argentino; Argentina. Fundación Miguel Lillo. Dirección de Botánica. Instituto de Ficología; ArgentinaFil: Martinez de Marco, S.. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo. Instituto de Limnología del Noroeste Argentino; Argentina. Fundación Miguel Lillo. Dirección de Botánica. Instituto de Ficología; ArgentinaFil: Taboada, María de Los Ángeles. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico - Tucumán. Unidad Ejecutora Lillo; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo. Instituto de Limnología del Noroeste Argentino; Argentina. Fundación Miguel Lillo. Dirección de Botánica. Instituto de Ficología; ArgentinaFil: Alderete, M.. Fundación Miguel Lillo. Dirección de Botánica. Instituto de Ficología; ArgentinaFil: Mirande, V.. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo. Instituto de Limnología del Noroeste Argentino; Argentina. Fundación Miguel Lillo. Dirección de Botánica. Instituto de Ficología; ArgentinaFil: Isasmendí, S.. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo. Instituto de Limnología del Noroeste Argentino; ArgentinaVII Congreso Argentino de LimnologíaSan Miguel de TucumanArgentinaUniversidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel LilloFundación Miguel Lill
Progresso realizado pelo Agrosalud no aumento do conteúdo de ferro e zinco em grão de arroz.
A abordagem 'fast-track' está sendo utilizada na escolha de linhagens e variedades tradicionais/melhoradas de arroz com elevados teores de ferro e zinco no grão. 5.743 amostras, incluindo linhagens melhoradas do CIAT e NARs, foram analisadas quanto ao conteúdo de ferro e zinco pelo método de absorção atômica. Algumas linhagens apresentaram entre 5 e 7 ppm de ferro, e estão sendo avaliadas para adaptação local pelos colaboradores do AgroSalud. No Brasil, a Embrapa identificou variedades locais com até 12.6 e 42.2 ppm de ferro e zinco, respectivamente, que estão sendo utilizadas como genitores de novas cultivares. Atividades de melhoramento estão sendo realizadas na Colômbia, República Dominicana, Brasil, Cuba, Nicarágua, Bolívia, Panamá e no CIAT, atendendo ao objetivo de lançar cultivares biofortificadas em 2009-2010.Resumo também em inglês
Profibrotic role of inducible heat shock protein 90α isoform in systemic sclerosis
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease that affects skin and multiple internal organs. TGF-β, a central trigger of cutaneous fibrosis, activates fibroblasts with the involvement of the stress-inducible chaperone heat shock protein 90 isoform α (Hsp90α). Available evidence supports overexpression and secretion of Hsp90α as a feature in profibrotic pathological conditions. The aim of this work is to investigate the expression and function of Hsp90α in experimental models of skin fibrosis such as human fibroblasts, C57BL/6 mice, and in human SSc. For this purpose, we generated a new experimental model based on doxorubicin administration with improved characteristics with respect to the bleomycin model. We visualized disease progression in vivo by fluorescence imaging. In this work, we obtained Hsp90α mRNA overexpression in human skin fibroblasts, in bleomycin- and doxorubicin-induced mouse fibrotic skin, and in lungs of bleomycin- and doxorubicin-treated mice. Hsp90α-deficient mice showed significantly decreased skin thickness compared with wild-type mice in both animal models. In SSc patients, serum Hsp90α levels were increased in patients with lung involvement and in patients with the diffuse form of SSc (dSSc) compared with patients with the limited form of SSc. The serum Hsp90α levels of patients dSSc were correlated with the Rodnan score and the forced vital capacity variable. These results provide new supportive evidence of the contribution of the Hsp90α isoform in the development of skin fibrosis. In SSc, these results indicated that higher serum levels were associated with dSSc and lung fibrosis.This work was supported by Spanish Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de España Grant RTI2018-095214-B-I00, as well as by the Instituto de Formación e Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla IDIVAL (InnVal 17/22; InnVal 20/34), 2020UCI22-PUB-0003 Gobierno de Cantabria (to A.V.V.), SAF2016-75195-R (to J.M.), SAF2017-82905-R (to R.M.), and (NextVal 18/14) to A.P
The 2HWC HAWC Observatory Gamma Ray Catalog
We present the first catalog of TeV gamma-ray sources realized with the
recently completed High Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory (HAWC). It is the
most sensitive wide field-of-view TeV telescope currently in operation, with a
1-year survey sensitivity of ~5-10% of the flux of the Crab Nebula. With an
instantaneous field of view >1.5 sr and >90% duty cycle, it continuously
surveys and monitors the sky for gamma ray energies between hundreds GeV and
tens of TeV.
HAWC is located in Mexico at a latitude of 19 degree North and was completed
in March 2015. Here, we present the 2HWC catalog, which is the result of the
first source search realized with the complete HAWC detector. Realized with 507
days of data and represents the most sensitive TeV survey to date for such a
large fraction of the sky. A total of 39 sources were detected, with an
expected contamination of 0.5 due to background fluctuation. Out of these
sources, 16 are more than one degree away from any previously reported TeV
source. The source list, including the position measurement, spectrum
measurement, and uncertainties, is reported. Seven of the detected sources may
be associated with pulsar wind nebulae, two with supernova remnants, two with
blazars, and the remaining 23 have no firm identification yet.Comment: Submitted 2017/02/09 to the Astrophysical Journa
The Sensitivity of HAWC to High-Mass Dark Matter Annihilations
The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory is a wide field-of-view
detector sensitive to gamma rays of 100 GeV to a few hundred TeV. Located in
central Mexico at 19 degrees North latitude and 4100 m above sea level, HAWC
will observe gamma rays and cosmic rays with an array of water Cherenkov
detectors. The full HAWC array is scheduled to be operational in Spring 2015.
In this paper, we study the HAWC sensitivity to the gamma-ray signatures of
high-mass (multi- TeV) dark matter annihilation. The HAWC observatory will be
sensitive to diverse searches for dark matter annihilation, including
annihilation from extended dark matter sources, the diffuse gamma-ray emission
from dark matter annihilation, and gamma-ray emission from non-luminous dark
matter subhalos. Here we consider the HAWC sensitivity to a subset of these
sources, including dwarf galaxies, the M31 galaxy, the Virgo cluster, and the
Galactic center. We simulate the HAWC response to gamma rays from these sources
in several well-motivated dark matter annihilation channels. If no gamma-ray
excess is observed, we show the limits HAWC can place on the dark matter
cross-section from these sources. In particular, in the case of dark matter
annihilation into gauge bosons, HAWC will be able to detect a narrow range of
dark matter masses to cross-sections below thermal. HAWC should also be
sensitive to non-thermal cross-sections for masses up to nearly 1000 TeV. The
constraints placed by HAWC on the dark matter cross-section from known sources
should be competitive with current limits in the mass range where HAWC has
similar sensitivity. HAWC can additionally explore higher dark matter masses
than are currently constrained.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures, version to be published in PR
Observation of the Crab Nebula with the HAWC Gamma-Ray Observatory
The Crab Nebula is the brightest TeV gamma-ray source in the sky and has been
used for the past 25 years as a reference source in TeV astronomy, for
calibration and verification of new TeV instruments. The High Altitude Water
Cherenkov Observatory (HAWC), completed in early 2015, has been used to observe
the Crab Nebula at high significance across nearly the full spectrum of
energies to which HAWC is sensitive. HAWC is unique for its wide field-of-view,
nearly 2 sr at any instant, and its high-energy reach, up to 100 TeV. HAWC's
sensitivity improves with the gamma-ray energy. Above 1 TeV the
sensitivity is driven by the best background rejection and angular resolution
ever achieved for a wide-field ground array.
We present a time-integrated analysis of the Crab using 507 live days of HAWC
data from 2014 November to 2016 June. The spectrum of the Crab is fit to a
function of the form . The data is well-fit with values of
, , and
log when
is fixed at 7 TeV and the fit applies between 1 and 37 TeV. Study of the
systematic errors in this HAWC measurement is discussed and estimated to be
50\% in the photon flux between 1 and 37 TeV.
Confirmation of the Crab flux serves to establish the HAWC instrument's
sensitivity for surveys of the sky. The HAWC survey will exceed sensitivity of
current-generation observatories and open a new view of 2/3 of the sky above 10
TeV.Comment: Submitted 2017/01/06 to the Astrophysical Journa
Daily monitoring of TeV gamma-ray emission from Mrk 421, Mrk 501, and the Crab Nebula with HAWC
We present results from daily monitoring of gamma rays in the energy range
to TeV with the first 17 months of data from the High
Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Observatory. Its wide field of view of 2
steradians and duty cycle of % are unique features compared to other TeV
observatories that allow us to observe every source that transits over HAWC for
up to hours each sidereal day. This regular sampling yields
unprecedented light curves from unbiased measurements that are independent of
seasons or weather conditions. For the Crab Nebula as a reference source we
find no variability in the TeV band. Our main focus is the study of the TeV
blazars Markarian (Mrk) 421 and Mrk 501. A spectral fit for Mrk 421 yields a
power law index and
an exponential cut-off
TeV. For Mrk 501, we find an index and exponential cut-off TeV. The light curves for both sources show clear
variability and a Bayesian analysis is applied to identify changes between flux
states. The highest per-transit fluxes observed from Mrk 421 exceed the Crab
Nebula flux by a factor of approximately five. For Mrk 501, several transits
show fluxes in excess of three times the Crab Nebula flux. In a comparison to
lower energy gamma-ray and X-ray monitoring data with comparable sampling we
cannot identify clear counterparts for the most significant flaring features
observed by HAWC.Comment: 18 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical
Journa
All-particle cosmic ray energy spectrum measured by the HAWC experiment from 10 to 500 TeV
We report on the measurement of the all-particle cosmic ray energy spectrum
with the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Observatory in the energy range
10 to 500 TeV. HAWC is a ground based air-shower array deployed on the slopes
of Volcan Sierra Negra in the state of Puebla, Mexico, and is sensitive to
gamma rays and cosmic rays at TeV energies. The data used in this work were
taken from 234 days between June 2016 to February 2017. The primary cosmic-ray
energy is determined with a maximum likelihood approach using the particle
density as a function of distance to the shower core. Introducing quality cuts
to isolate events with shower cores landing on the array, the reconstructed
energy distribution is unfolded iteratively. The measured all-particle spectrum
is consistent with a broken power law with an index of prior to
a break at ) TeV, followed by an index of . The
spectrum also respresents a single measurement that spans the energy range
between direct detection and ground based experiments. As a verification of the
detector response, the energy scale and angular resolution are validated by
observation of the cosmic ray Moon shadow's dependence on energy.Comment: 16 pages, 11 figures, 4 tables, submission to Physical Review
Constraining the Ratio in TeV Cosmic Rays with Observations of the Moon Shadow by HAWC
An indirect measurement of the antiproton flux in cosmic rays is possible as
the particles undergo deflection by the geomagnetic field. This effect can be
measured by studying the deficit in the flux, or shadow, created by the Moon as
it absorbs cosmic rays that are headed towards the Earth. The shadow is
displaced from the actual position of the Moon due to geomagnetic deflection,
which is a function of the energy and charge of the cosmic rays. The
displacement provides a natural tool for momentum/charge discrimination that
can be used to study the composition of cosmic rays. Using 33 months of data
comprising more than 80 billion cosmic rays measured by the High Altitude Water
Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory, we have analyzed the Moon shadow to search for
TeV antiprotons in cosmic rays. We present our first upper limits on the
fraction, which in the absence of any direct measurements, provide
the tightest available constraints of on the antiproton fraction for
energies between 1 and 10 TeV.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures. Accepted by Physical Review
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