14,126 research outputs found

    Assessing Euro-Med Trade Preferences: The Case of Entry Price Reduction

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    The EU protects some of its fruits and vegetables through the entry price system. This system consists on a two-tiered tariff, with high-priced exports paying an ad valorem tariff, whereas low-priced exports pay also a supplementary specific tariff. The breaking point between high and low export prices is the entry price level decided by the EU, generally the same level for all third countries. In a few cases, some Southern Mediterranean partners of the EU have agreed a reduced entry price for their exports, together with the more common ad valorem tariff reduction. Among the indicators used for gauge the value of preferences, there is no one devoted to this case of reduced entry price, hence we develop a new indicator that allows to split which part of the preferential gains corresponds to the entry price reduction and which part corresponds to the "usual" ad valorem tariff reduction. We apply this methodology to Moroccan clementines trade flows, with two main findings: 1) The entry price reduction ranges up to 39% of the economic value of preferences in some months; 2) Morocco is not maximizing the gains due to this reduction, and could take some trade and policy lessons, mainly trying to better fit to the concession or, if impossible, use it as negotiating capital in future reviews of the agreement.International Relations/Trade,

    Impacto de las etiquetas em La interpretación de La escala de Likert

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    En este trabajo se comparan las distribuciones de las respuestas dadas a un cuestionario formulado en dos versiones, una con etiquetas representando el grado de acuerdo, frente a otra con etiquetas expresando la frecuencia de realización de una acción. Se examina la relación entre la percepción de cada etiqueta lingüística y las etiquetas frecuentistas mediante números borrosos. Se analiza la equivalencia entre ambos métodos, estudiando en detalle la equidistancia en la percepción de las etiquetas extremas. Se evalúan además las diferencias en función de la importancia del tema sobre el que se interroga

    Constraints on economical 331 models from mixing of K, Bd and Bs neutral mesons

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    We analyze the effect of flavor changing neutral currents within 331 models. In particular, we concentrate in the so-called "economical" models, which have a minimal scalar sector. Taking into account the experimental measurements of observables related to neutral K and B meson mixing, we study the resulting bounds for angles and phases in the mixing matrix for the down quark sector, and the mass and mixing parameters related to the new Z' gauge boson.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures. Eqs. (8) and (9) corrected, to be published in Phys. Rev.

    Proper motions of the HH1 jet

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    We describe a new method for determining proper motions of extended objects, and a pipeline developed for the application of this method. We then apply this method to an analysis of four epochs of [S~II] HST images of the HH~1 jet (covering a period of 20\sim 20~yr). We determine the proper motions of the knots along the jet, and make a reconstruction of the past ejection velocity time-variability (assuming ballistic knot motions). This reconstruction shows an "acceleration" of the ejection velocities of the jet knots, with higher velocities at more recent times. This acceleration will result in an eventual merging of the knots in 450\sim 450~yr and at a distance of 80"\sim 80" from the outflow source, close to the present-day position of HH~1.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figure
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