Implementation of activities for the evaluation of the specific instrumental transversal competence in subjects in the area of mechanical engineering

[EN] Most of the higher education frameworks work and evaluate transversal competences, to achieve the excellence of graduates, not only academically but also integrating social aspects, ethics, communication, teamwork, etc. To this end, the present work studies a common methodology both in the activities, to improve the acquisition of the ¿Specific Instrumental¿ transversal competence, as well as in its evaluation. In the practical sessions, the student uses a detailed tutorial with the procedure to obtain the numerical result. The evaluation of the ¿Specific Instrumental¿ transversal competence is deficient following this structure, since it does not show whether the student acquires autonomy to solve similar problems. Therefore, an unguided alternative activity was proposed at the end of each session, which allows to see the evolution of the student in the face of a different problem without guidelines. Experience shows that it is rash to expect the student to handle the program autonomously in the first session. For this reason, the delivery deadline for tasks will be extended by a few weeks. Obviously, guarantee of authenticity is lost, but responsibility for learning is transferred to the student. Allowing the student to spend the time necessary for deep learning, without the pressure of ending the session.Authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Vicerrectorado de Estudios, Calidad y Acreditación and the Vicerrectorado de Recursos Digitales y Documentación of the Universitat Politècnica de València (project PIME B/19-20/165) and the Instituto de Ciencias de la Educación of the Universitat Politècnica de València (EICE INTEGRAL).Pedrosa, AM.; Sánchez Orgaz, EM.; Lozano-Mínguez, E.; Martinez-Sanchis, S. (2020). Implementation of activities for the evaluation of the specific instrumental transversal competence in subjects in the area of mechanical engineering. IATED Academy. 597-602. https://doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2020.0197S59760

Estimating the Relative Stiffness between a Hepatic Lesion and the Liver Parenchyma through Biomechanical Simulations of the Breathing Process

[EN] In this paper, a method to in vivo estimate the relative stifness between a hepatic lesion and the liver parenchyma is presented. Tis method is based on the fnite element simulation of the deformation that the liver undergoes during the breathing process. Boundary conditions are obtained through a registration algorithm known as Coherent Point Drif (CPD), which compares the liver form in two phases of the breathing process. Finally, the relative stifness of the tumour with respect to the liver parenchyma is calculated by means of a Genetic Algorithm, which does a blind search of this parameter. Te relative stifness together with the clinical information of the patient can be used to establish the type of hepatic lesion. Te developed methodology was frst applied to a test case, i.e., to a control case where the parameters were known, in order to verify its validity. Afer that, the method was applied to two real cases and low errors were obtained.This work has been funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) through research projects DPI2013-40859-R and TIN2014-52033-R, both also supported by European FEDER funds.Martinez-Sanchis, S.; Rupérez Moreno, MJ.; Nadal, E.; Pareja, E.; Brugger, S.; Borzacchiello, D.; López, R.... (2018). Estimating the Relative Stiffness between a Hepatic Lesion and the Liver Parenchyma through Biomechanical Simulations of the Breathing Process. Mathematical Problems in Engineering. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/5317324S110Kmieć, Z. (2001). Introduction — Morphology of the Liver Lobule. Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology, 1-6. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-56553-3_1Cequera, A., & García de León Méndez, M. C. (2014). Biomarkers for liver fibrosis: Advances, advantages and disadvantages. Revista de Gastroenterología de México (English Edition), 79(3), 187-199. doi:10.1016/j.rgmxen.2014.07.001Vilar-Gomez, E., & Chalasani, N. (2018). Non-invasive assessment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Clinical prediction rules and blood-based biomarkers. Journal of Hepatology, 68(2), 305-315. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2017.11.013Giannini, E. G. (2005). Liver enzyme alteration: a guide for clinicians. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 172(3), 367-379. doi:10.1503/cmaj.1040752Oliva, M. R. (2004). Liver cancer imaging: role of CT, MRI, US and PET. Cancer Imaging, 4(Special Issue A), S42-S46. doi:10.1102/1470-7330.2004.0011Mouw, J. K., Yui, Y., Damiano, L., Bainer, R. O., Lakins, J. N., Acerbi, I., … Weaver, V. M. (2014). Tissue mechanics modulate microRNA-dependent PTEN expression to regulate malignant progression. Nature Medicine, 20(4), 360-367. doi:10.1038/nm.3497Paszek, M. J., Zahir, N., Johnson, K. R., Lakins, J. N., Rozenberg, G. I., Gefen, A., … Weaver, V. M. (2005). Tensional homeostasis and the malignant phenotype. Cancer Cell, 8(3), 241-254. doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2005.08.010Kuo, Y.-H., Lu, S.-N., Hung, C.-H., Kee, K.-M., Chen, C.-H., Hu, T.-H., … Wang, J.-H. (2010). Liver stiffness measurement in the risk assessment of hepatocellular carcinoma for patients with chronic hepatitis. Hepatology International, 4(4), 700-706. doi:10.1007/s12072-010-9223-1Heide, R., Strobel, D., Bernatik, T., & Goertz, R. (2010). Characterization of Focal Liver Lesions (FLL) with Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) Elastometry. Ultraschall in der Medizin - European Journal of Ultrasound, 31(04), 405-409. doi:10.1055/s-0029-1245565Frulio, N., Laumonier, H., Carteret, T., Laurent, C., Maire, F., Balabaud, C., … Trillaud, H. (2013). Evaluation of Liver Tumors Using Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Elastography and Correlation With Histologic Data. Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine, 32(1), 121-130. doi:10.7863/jum.2013.32.1.121Ma, X., Zhan, W., Zhang, B., Wei, B., Wu, X., Zhou, M., … Li, P. (2014). Elastography for the differentiation of benign and malignant liver lesions: a meta-analysis. Tumor Biology, 35(5), 4489-4497. doi:10.1007/s13277-013-1591-4Guo, L.-H., Wang, S.-J., Xu, H.-X., Sun, L.-P., Zhang, Y.-F., Xu, J.-M., … Xu, X.-H. (2015). Differentiation of benign and malignant focal liver lesions: value of virtual touch tissue quantification of acoustic radiation force impulse elastography. Medical Oncology, 32(3). doi:10.1007/s12032-015-0543-9Dietrich, C., Bamber, J., Berzigotti, A., Bota, S., Cantisani, V., Castera, L., … Thiele, M. (2017). EFSUMB Guidelines and Recommendations on the Clinical Use of Liver Ultrasound Elastography, Update 2017 (Long Version). Ultraschall in der Medizin - European Journal of Ultrasound, 38(04), e16-e47. doi:10.1055/s-0043-103952Ferraioli, G., Filice, C., Castera, L., Choi, B. I., Sporea, I., Wilson, S. R., … Kudo, M. (2015). WFUMB Guidelines and Recommendations for Clinical Use of Ultrasound Elastography: Part 3: Liver. Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology, 41(5), 1161-1179. doi:10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2015.03.007Sigrist, R. M. S., Liau, J., Kaffas, A. E., Chammas, M. C., & Willmann, J. K. (2017). Ultrasound Elastography: Review of Techniques and Clinical Applications. Theranostics, 7(5), 1303-1329. doi:10.7150/thno.18650Cosgrove, D., Piscaglia, F., Bamber, J., Bojunga, J., Correas, J.-M., Gilja, O., … Dietrich, C. (2013). EFSUMB Guidelines and Recommendations on the Clinical Use of Ultrasound Elastography.Part 2: Clinical Applications. Ultraschall in der Medizin - European Journal of Ultrasound, 34(03), 238-253. doi:10.1055/s-0033-1335375Palmeri, M. L., & Nightingale, K. R. (2011). What challenges must be overcome before ultrasound elasticity imaging is ready for the clinic? Imaging in Medicine, 3(4), 433-444. doi:10.2217/iim.11.41Samir, A. E., Dhyani, M., Vij, A., Bhan, A. K., Halpern, E. F., Méndez-Navarro, J., … Chung, R. T. (2015). Shear-Wave Elastography for the Estimation of Liver Fibrosis in Chronic Liver Disease: Determining Accuracy and Ideal Site for Measurement. Radiology, 274(3), 888-896. doi:10.1148/radiol.14140839Toshima, T., Shirabe, K., Takeishi, K., Motomura, T., Mano, Y., Uchiyama, H., … Maehara, Y. (2011). New method for assessing liver fibrosis based on acoustic radiation force impulse: a special reference to the difference between right and left liver. Journal of Gastroenterology, 46(5), 705-711. doi:10.1007/s00535-010-0365-7Barr, R. G., Ferraioli, G., Palmeri, M. L., Goodman, Z. D., Garcia-Tsao, G., Rubin, J., … Levine, D. (2015). Elastography Assessment of Liver Fibrosis: Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound Consensus Conference Statement. Radiology, 276(3), 845-861. doi:10.1148/radiol.2015150619Venkatesh, S. K., Yin, M., & Ehman, R. L. (2013). Magnetic resonance elastography of liver: Technique, analysis, and clinical applications. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 37(3), 544-555. doi:10.1002/jmri.23731Low, G. (2016). General review of magnetic resonance elastography. World Journal of Radiology, 8(1), 59. doi:10.4329/wjr.v8.i1.59Thompson, S. M., Wang, J., Chandan, V. S., Glaser, K. J., Roberts, L. R., Ehman, R. L., & Venkatesh, S. K. (2017). MR elastography of hepatocellular carcinoma: Correlation of tumor stiffness with histopathology features—Preliminary findings. Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 37, 41-45. doi:10.1016/j.mri.2016.11.005Myronenko, A., & Xubo Song. (2010). Point Set Registration: Coherent Point Drift. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 32(12), 2262-2275. doi:10.1109/tpami.2010.46Martínez-Martínez, F., Lago, M. A., Rupérez, M. J., & Monserrat, C. (2013). Analysis of several biomechanical models for the simulation of lamb liver behaviour using similarity coefficients from medical image. Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 16(7), 747-757. doi:10.1080/10255842.2011.637492Untaroiu, C. D., & Lu, Y.-C. (2013). Material characterization of liver parenchyma using specimen-specific finite element models. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 26, 11-22. doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2013.05.013Large deformation isotropic elasticity – on the correlation of theory and experiment for incompressible rubberlike solids. (1972). Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 326(1567), 565-584. doi:10.1098/rspa.1972.0026Chui, C., Kobayashi, E., Chen, X., Hisada, T., & Sakuma, I. (2006). Transversely isotropic properties of porcine liver tissue: experiments and constitutive modelling. Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing, 45(1), 99-106. doi:10.1007/s11517-006-0137-yHostettler, A., George, D., Rémond, Y., Nicolau, S. A., Soler, L., & Marescaux, J. (2010). Bulk modulus and volume variation measurement of the liver and the kidneys in vivo using abdominal kinetics during free breathing. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, 100(2), 149-157. doi:10.1016/j.cmpb.2010.03.003Chatterjee, S., Laudato, M., & Lynch, L. A. (1996). Genetic algorithms and their statistical applications: an introduction. Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, 22(6), 633-651. doi:10.1016/0167-9473(96)00011-4Martínez-Martínez, F., Rupérez, M. J., Martín-Guerrero, J. D., Monserrat, C., Lago, M. A., Pareja, E., … López-Andújar, R. (2013). Estimation of the elastic parameters of human liver biomechanical models by means of medical images and evolutionary computation. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, 111(3), 537-549. doi:10.1016/j.cmpb.2013.05.005Lago, M. A., Rupérez, M. J., Martínez-Martínez, F., Monserrat, C., Larra, E., Güell, J. L., & Peris-Martínez, C. (2015). A new methodology for the in vivo estimation of the elastic constants that characterize the patient-specific biomechanical behavior of the human cornea. Journal of Biomechanics, 48(1), 38-43. doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.11.009Lago, M. A., Rupérez, M. J., Martínez-Martínez, F., Martínez-Sanchis, S., Bakic, P. R., & Monserrat, C. (2015). Methodology based on genetic heuristics for in-vivo characterizing the patient-specific biomechanical behavior of the breast tissues. Expert Systems with Applications, 42(21), 7942-7950. doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2015.05.058Hoyt, K., Castaneda, B., Zhang, M., Nigwekar, P., di Sant’Agnese, P. A., Joseph, J. V., … Parker, K. J. (2008). Tissue elasticity properties as biomarkers for prostate cancer. Cancer Biomarkers, 4(4-5), 213-225. doi:10.3233/cbm-2008-44-505Xu, W., Mezencev, R., Kim, B., Wang, L., McDonald, J., & Sulchek, T. (2012). Cell Stiffness Is a Biomarker of the Metastatic Potential of Ovarian Cancer Cells. PLoS ONE, 7(10), e46609. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0046609Martinez-Sanchis, S., Rupérez, M. J., Nadal, E., Borzacchiello, D., Monserrat, C., Pareja, E., … López-Andújar, R. (2017). Estimating the Patient-Specific Relative Stiffness Between a Hepatic Lesion and the Liver Parenchyma. Lecture Notes in Computational Vision and Biomechanics, 485-494. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-68195-5_5

Hydrological Modeling of the Effect of the Transition From Flood to Drip Irrigation on Groundwater Recharge Using Multi-Objective Calibration

[EN] The replacement of flood-irrigation systems by drip-irrigation technology has been widely promoted with the aim of a more sustainable use of freshwater resources in irrigated agriculture. However, evidence for an irrigation efficiency paradox emphasizes the need to improve our understanding of the impacts of irrigation transformations on water resources. Here, we developed a distributed hydrological modeling approach to investigate the spatiotemporal effect of flood and drip irrigation on groundwater recharge. The approach recognizes differences in the water balance resulting from the localized application of water in surface drip-irrigated fields and the more extensive application of water in flood irrigation. The approach was applied to the semi-arid Mediterranean region of Valencia (Spain) and calibrated using a multi-objective framework. Multiple process scales were addressed within the framework by considering the annual evaporative index, monthly groundwater level dynamics, and daily soil moisture dynamics. Daily simulations from 1994 to 2015 suggested that, in our hydroclimatic conditions, (a) annual recharge is strongly related to annual rainfall, which had a four times higher impact on recharge than the type of irrigation practice, (b) flood-irrigated recharge tends to exceed drip-irrigated recharge by 10% at annual time scales, (c) however, recharge response to a particular precipitation event is smaller in flood irrigation than in drip irrigation, and (d) 8¿18 rainfall events could generate more than half of the annual recharge in drip and flood irrigation, respectively. Our results highlight the importance of understanding the hydrological dynamics under different irrigation practices for supporting irrigation infrastructure policies.The authors thank the Coop Research Program on ¿Sustainability in Food Value Chains¿ of the ETH Zurich World Food System Center and the ETH Zurich Foundation for supporting this project. The Coop Research Program is supported by the Coop Sustainability Fund. The authors also acknowledge the financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the research project TETISCHANGE (RTI2018-093717-B-100). This work was additionally supported by the ADAPTAMED research project funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (RTI2018-101483-B-I00) with European FEDER funds. The support of Andreas Scheidegger (Eawag) for statistical questions is also acknowledgedPool, S.; Francés, F.; Garcia-Prats, A.; Puertes, C.; Pulido-Velazquez, M.; Sanchis Ibor, C.; Schirmer, M.... (2021). Hydrological Modeling of the Effect of the Transition From Flood to Drip Irrigation on Groundwater Recharge Using Multi-Objective Calibration. Water Resources Research. 57(8):1-19. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021WR029677S11957

A finite element-based machine learning approach for modeling the mechanical behavior of the breast tissues under compression in real-time

[EN] This work presents a data-driven method to simulate, in real-time, the biomechanical behavior of the breast tissues in some image-guided interventions such as biopsies or radiotherapy dose delivery as well as to speed up multimodal registration algorithms. Ten real breasts were used for this work. Their deformation due to the displacement of two compression plates was simulated off-line using the finite element (FE) method. Three machine learning models were trained with the data from those simulations. Then, they were used to predict in real-time the deformation of the breast tissues during the compression. The models were a decision tree and two tree-based ensemble methods (extremely randomized trees and random forest). Two different experimental setups were designed to validate and study the performance of these models under different conditions. The mean 3D Euclidean distance between nodes predicted by the models and those extracted from the FE simulations was calculated to assess the performance of the models in the validation set. The experiments proved that extremely randomized trees performed better than the other two models. The mean error committed by the three models in the prediction of the nodal displacements was under 2 man, a threshold usually set for clinical applications. The time needed for breast compression prediction is sufficiently short to allow its use in real-time (< 0.2 s).This work has been funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) through research projects TIN2014-52033-R and DPI2013-40859-R with the support of European FEDER funds.Martínez Martínez, F.; Rupérez Moreno, MJ.; Martínez-Sober, M.; Solves Llorens, JA.; Lorente, D.; Serrano-Lopez, A.; Martinez-Sanchis, S.... (2017). A finite element-based machine learning approach for modeling the mechanical behavior of the breast tissues under compression in real-time. Computers in Biology and Medicine. 90:116-124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2017.09.019S1161249

Evaluación basada en el método del gradiente de las propiedades elásticas de tejidos humanos in vivo

[EN] Nowadays the computational simulation of the mechanical behaviour of human tissues in the medical context is a field which has aroused a great interest in the scientific community. The study of the behaviour of those tissues carries a great difficulty, in part, due to the fact that the behaviour of those tissues is different from one patient to another and, in general, it is no possible to make empirical experiments with the tissue to determine its elastic properties. In order to circumvent this issue, in this work we propose a method to evaluate these properties assuming a Mooney-Rivlin constitutive model. The proposed method is based on the information provided by medical images and two different deformation states of the organ and, by using a gradient-based optimization process we accurately obtain the elastic properties of the constitutive model. The numerical experiments show the validity of the method for the example used.[ES] En la actualidad la simulación numérica del comportamiento mecánico de tejidos humanos en el campo de la medicina es un ámbito de estudio que ha despertado gran interés en la comunidad científica. El estudio del comportamiento de dichos tejidos conlleva una gran dificultad, en parte, atribuida al hecho de que su comportamiento cambia de paciente a paciente y en numerosas ocasiones no es posible realizar experimentos directos sobre el tejido para determinar sus propiedades elásticas. Para tal fin, en el presente trabajo se propone un método para hallar dichas propiedades asumiendo un modelo constitutivo de Mooney-Rivlin. Dicho método se basa en la información proporcionada por imágenes médicas en dos situaciones de deformación del órgano y, mediante un proceso de optimización basado en el gradiente se obtienen, con precisión, las propiedades elásticas del modelo constitutivo. Los experimentos numéricos realizados demuestran la validez del método para el ejemplo utilizado, tras comprobar que las propiedades del modelo constituvo de referencia son obtenidas por el método propuesto.Nadal, E.; Rupérez Moreno, MJ.; Martinez-Sanchis, S.; Monserrat Aranda, C.; Tur Valiente, M.; Fuenmayor Fernández, FJ. (2017). Evaluación basada en el método del gradiente de las propiedades elásticas de tejidos humanos in vivo. Revista UIS Ingenierías. 16(1):15-22. doi:10.18273/revuin.v16n1-2017002S152216

Evaluation activities performance of the specific instrumental transversal competence in subjects of the mechanical engineering area

[Otros] Nowadays, the European higher education space is concerned, not only about the transmission of theoretical knowledge, but also about the acquisition of soft-skills, which are increasingly demanded in the professional profiles of graduates. Therefore, the Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) has elaborated its own program aiming to develop these generic capabilities, which are embedded in 13 Transversal Competences (CT in Spanish). All of them are worked on and evaluated in all UPV degrees, whether undergraduate or graduate. Specifically, the "Specific Instrumental" transversal competence has been working for two years by a team of lecturers from the Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering (DIMM in Spanish). Their objective is to develop an effective methodology to work on the acquisition and evaluation of this competence. The tool chosen to work with is ANSYS®, which is widely used in the field of mechanical engineering. This commercial software provides numerical solutions to complex problems using the Finite Element Method (FEM). The proposed methodology has been implemented during this year in three different subjects with a total of 335 students and is based on previous experience carried out in small groups last year. The objective is also to consolidate a procedure suitable for large groups without increasing lecturer's dedication time. After analysing the characteristics that were not entirely satisfactory, the new proposal seeks to improve them while maintaining the correct actions of the previous experience. Thus, laboratory training sessions and a different timed exercise for each student are kept. The most important changes affect the distribution of the worktime of the student and the assessable exercises. The number of evaluable exercises has been reduced to one, as well as the content and the test score. The proposed exercise consists of modelling a mechanical component and carrying out several tasks related to the mechanical study of a component. The correct completion of the different sections allows a numerical evaluation of the laboratory sessions and the suitability of the methodology. At the same time, the justification of the steps followed, and the adequacy of the strategies followed give the level reached in the ¿Specific Instrumental¿ transversal competence. The results reveal that students have achieved a greater degree of autonomy in managing the software. Furthermore, the new evaluation system discriminates the mastery with greater rigor, in the past there were no intermediate marks, the capability was achieved or not. Additionally, all the practical sessions have been adapted to the sanitary situation following an online format. This adaptation to the COVID scenario has provided the opportunity to introduce changes in the lecturing material that will be maintained in the next courses.Authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Vicerrectorado de Estudios, Calidad y Acreditación, the Vicerrectorado de Recursos Digitales y Documentación of the Universitat Politècnica de València (Project PIME B/19-20/165 and Project PIME C/20-21/201) and the Instituto de Ciencias de la Educación of the Universitat Politècnica de València (EICE INTEGRAL).Pedrosa, AM.; Lozano-Mínguez, E.; Besa Gonzálvez, AJ.; Vila Tortosa, MP.; Martinez-Sanchis, S.; Sánchez Orgaz, EM. (2021). Evaluation activities performance of the specific instrumental transversal competence in subjects of the mechanical engineering area. IATED Academy. 4347-4354. https://doi.org/10.21125/edulearn.2021.0915S4347435

Experiencias y conclusiones en el desarrollo y validación de instrumentos de evaluación enfocados a la adquisición de la competencia transversal ‘CT13 Instrumental Específica’ en asignaturas de Ingeniería Mecánica

[EN] This paper presents the results of the experience carried out in the lab-sessions of several subjects of Mechanical Engineering. The aim of this work is to find a common methodology focused on the acquisition and evaluation of the Specific Instrumental Transversal Competence (CT13 in the UPV institutional project). The work has been applied in two types of lab-sessions: computer lab and laboratory. The instrumentation used in each of them has a different nature, while the former is focused on the use and comprehension of a numerical calculation software, in the latter the students must understand the management and purpose of some experimental measurement equipments. In the computer sessions, after an accompanied learning, the students must carry out and justify the steps followed in solving a numerical problem. The evaluation takes into account the level of adequacy of the steps followed throughout the process. In the laboratory practices, the students must demonstrate the ability to correctly select the proper equipment based on the parameter to be measured as well as to define the sequence of treatments in the measurement process. The measurement of the level of acquisition of the CT13 is done through an individual questionnaire.[ES] En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de la experiencia llevada a cabo en las prácticas de diversas asignaturas de Ingeniería Mecánica. El objetivo final es encontrar una metodología unificada enfocada a la adquisición y evaluación de la Competencia Transversal Instrumental Específica (CT13 en el proyecto institucional de la UPV).Se ha trabajado con dos tipos de prácticas: informáticas y de laboratorio. La instrumentación empleada en cada una de ellas tiene distinta naturaleza, mientras las primeras están enfocadas al manejo de un programa de cálculo numérico, en las segundas los estudiantes deben comprender el manejo y la finalidad de diversos equipos de medida experimental.En las prácticas informáticas los alumnos, tras un aprendizaje acompañado, deben ser capaces de realizar y justificar los pasos seguidos en la resolución de un problema numérico. En la evaluación se tiene en cuenta el nivel de adecuación de los pasos seguidos a lo largo del proceso. En las prácticas de laboratorio los alumnos deben demostrar la capacidad de seleccionar correctamente el equipo adecuado en función del parámetro a medir, así como definir la secuencia de tratamientos en el proceso experimental. La medida del nivel de adquisición de la CT13 se realiza con un cuestionario individual.Los autores agradecen la financiación recibida del Vicerrectorado de Estudios, Calidad y Acreditación, el Vicerrectorado de Recursos Digitales y Documentación (proyecto PIME B/19-20/165) y el Instituto de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universitat Politècnica de València (EICE INTEGRAL).Pedrosa Sanchez, AM.; Besa Gonzálvez, AJ.; Rupérez Moreno, MJ.; Sánchez Orgaz, EM.; Giner Navarro, J.; Martinez Sanchis, S.; Vila Tortosa, MP.... (2021). Experiencias y conclusiones en el desarrollo y validación de instrumentos de evaluación enfocados a la adquisición de la competencia transversal ‘CT13 Instrumental Específica’ en asignaturas de Ingeniería Mecánica. En IN-RED 2021: VII Congreso de Innovación Edicativa y Docencia en Red. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 1521-1532. https://doi.org/10.4995/INRED2021.2021.13771OCS1521153

Jardins per a la salut

Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona. Ensenyament: Grau de Farmàcia. Assignatura: Botànica farmacèutica. Curs: 2014-2015. Coordinadors: Joan Simon, Cèsar Blanché i Maria Bosch.Els materials que aquí es presenten són el recull de les fitxes botàniques de 128 espècies presents en el Jardí Ferran Soldevila de l’Edifici Històric de la UB. Els treballs han estat realitzats manera individual per part dels estudiants dels grups M-3 i T-1 de l’assignatura Botànica Farmacèutica durant els mesos de febrer a maig del curs 2014-15 com a resultat final del Projecte d’Innovació Docent «Jardins per a la salut: aprenentatge servei a Botànica farmacèutica» (codi 2014PID-UB/054). Tots els treballs s’han dut a terme a través de la plataforma de GoogleDocs i han estat tutoritzats pels professors de l’assignatura. L’objectiu principal de l’activitat ha estat fomentar l’aprenentatge autònom i col·laboratiu en Botànica farmacèutica. També s’ha pretès motivar els estudiants a través del retorn de part del seu esforç a la societat a través d’una experiència d’Aprenentatge-Servei, deixant disponible finalment el treball dels estudiants per a poder ser consultable a través d’una Web pública amb la possibilitat de poder-ho fer in-situ en el propi jardí mitjançant codis QR amb un smartphone

The ARID1B spectrum in 143 patients: from nonsyndromic intellectual disability to Coffin–Siris syndrome

Purpose: Pathogenic variants in ARID1B are one of the most frequent causes of intellectual disability (ID) as determined by large-scale exome sequencing studies. Most studies published thus far describe clinically diagnosed Coffin–Siris patients (ARID1B-CSS) and it is unclear whether these data are representative for patients identified through sequencing of unbiased ID cohorts (ARID1B-ID). We therefore sought to determine genotypic and phenotypic differences between ARID1B-ID and ARID1B-CSS. In parallel, we investigated the effect of different methods of phenotype reporting. Methods: Clinicians entered clinical data in an extensive web-based survey. Results: 79 ARID1B-CSS and 64 ARID1B-ID patients were included. CSS-associated dysmorphic features, such as thick eyebrows, long eyelashes, thick alae nasi, long and/or broad philtrum, small nails and small or absent fifth distal phalanx and hypertrichosis, were observed significantly more often (p < 0.001) in ARID1B-CSS patients. No other significant differences were identified. Conclusion: There are only minor differences between ARID1B-ID and ARID1B-CSS patients. ARID1B-related disorders seem to consist of a spectrum, and patients should be managed similarly. We demonstrated that data collection methods without an explicit option to report the absence of a feature (such as most Human Phenotype Ontology-based methods) tended to underestimate gene-related features

Modificaciones hematológicas inducidas por eritropoyetina frente a hipoxia normobárica intermitente

Recent publications reflect the anti-doping authorities¿ concern about the use of altitude simulator systems, since these technologies could be considered as doping methods. The major aim of our study was to compare the effect of two different rHuEpo treatments with a normobaric intermittent hypoxic (NIH) protocol regarding the hematologic modifications in an animal model. Twenty-four young male Wistar rats were randomly divided in 3 experimental groups: NIH group (12h pO2 12% /12h pO2 21%) (n=8); the group treated with 300 UI of rHuEpo (n=8) and the group treated with 500 UI of rHuEpo (n=8). Two blood samples were obtained in every experimental group (before and after the treatment). Our results show similar and statistically significant increments in the hemoglobin, hematocrit and reticulocytes values after 15 days of treatment with 300 UI of rHuEpo or NIH. The treatment with 500 UI of rHuEpo induced a higher increase in the hematological parameters. The main conclusion of our study is that the hematological modifications achieved with a NIH protocol were comparable with those that imply a treatment with 300 UI of rHuEpo.Publicaciones recientes reflejan la preocupación de las autoridades antidopaje por el uso de sistemas simuladores de altitud y la posibilidad de considerarlos métodos dopantes. El objetivo de nuestro estudio fue el de comparar las modificaciones hematológicas inducidas por dos tratamientos con eritropoyetina recombinante humana (rHuEpo) a diferentes dosis, frente a un protocolo de hipoxia normobárica intermitente (HNI) en un modelo animal. Veinticuatro ratas Wistar macho jóvenes fueron divididas en 3 grupos experimentales: grupo sometido a HNI (12h pO2 12% /12h pO2 21%) (n=8); grupo tratado con una dosis de 300 UI de rHuEpo (n=8) y grupo tratado con 500 UI de rHuEpo (n=8). Se extrajeron dos muestras de sangre a cada uno de los grupos experimentales (antes y después de los tratamientos). Nuestros resultados muestran incrementos muy similares, y estadísticamente significativos, en los valores de hemoglobina, de hematocrito y de reticulocitos, tanto en el grupo HNI como en el grupo tratado con 300 UI de rHuEpo tras los 15 días de tratamiento. El tratamiento con 500 UI de rHuEpo produjo un incremento significativamente mayor. La principal conclusión de nuestro estudio es que las modificaciones de los parámetros hematológicos obtenidas mediante un protocolo de HNI son similares a las obtenidas con un tratamiento con 300 UI de rHuEpo