Design of a new method for detection of occupancy in the smart home using an FBG sensor

This article introduces a new way of using a fibre Bragg grating (FBG) sensor for detecting the presence and number of occupants in the monitored space in a smart home (SH). CO2 sensors are used to determine the CO2 concentration of the monitored rooms in an SH. CO2 sensors can also be used for occupancy recognition of the monitored spaces in SH. To determine the presence of occupants in the monitored rooms of the SH, the newly devised method of CO2 prediction, by means of an artificial neural network (ANN) with a scaled conjugate gradient (SCG) algorithm using measurements of typical operational technical quantities (indoor temperature, relative humidity indoor and CO2 concentration in the SH) is used. The goal of the experiments is to verify the possibility of using the FBG sensor in order to unambiguously detect the number of occupants in the selected room (R104) and, at the same time, to harness the newly proposed method of CO2 prediction with ANN SCG for recognition of the SH occupancy status and the SH spatial location (rooms R104, R203, and R204) of an occupant. The designed experiments will verify the possibility of using a minimum number of sensors for measuring the non-electric quantities of indoor temperature and indoor relative humidity and the possibility of monitoring the presence of occupants in the SH using CO2 prediction by means of the ANN SCG method with ANN learning for the data obtained from only one room (R203). The prediction accuracy exceeded 90% in certain experiments. The uniqueness and innovativeness of the described solution lie in the integrated multidisciplinary application of technological procedures (the BACnet technology control SH, FBG sensors) and mathematical methods (ANN prediction with SCG algorithm, the adaptive filtration with an LMS algorithm) employed for the recognition of number persons and occupancy recognition of selected monitored rooms of SH.Web of Science202art. no. 39

Effect of selected luminescent layers on CCT, CRI, and response times

Phosphors have been used as wavelength converters in illumination for many years. When it is excited with blue light, the frequently used yttrium aluminium garnet doped with cerium (YAG:Ce) phosphor converts a part of blue light to a wideband yellow light, resulting in the generated light having a white color. By combining an appropriate concentration of the YAG:Ce phosphor and blue excitant light, white light of a desired correlated color temperature (CCT) can be obtained. However, this type of illumination has a lower color rendering index value (CRI). In an attempt to improve the CRI value, we mixed the YAG:Ce phosphor with europium-doped calcium sulfide phosphor (CaS:Eu), which resulted in a considerably increased CRI value. This article examines an experiment with luminescent layers consisting of a mixture of selected phosphors and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Different thicknesses in these layers were achieved by changing the speed of rotation during their accumulation onto laboratory glass using the method of spin coating. The spectral characteristics of these luminescent layers as they were excited with blue light emitting diode (LED) and laser diode (LD) were then determined. A suitable combination of the YAG:Ce phosphor with a phosphor containing europium, as it was excited with a blue LED, yielded a source of white light with a CRI value of greater than 85. The response time in the tested luminescent layers to a rectangular excitant impulse (generated by a signal generator and transmitted by LD) was also measured in order to examine their potential use in visible light communications (VLC).Web of Science1213art. no. 209

Fiber-optic breath sensors: A comparison study

The paper presents a comparative study of three fiber optic sensors based on the fiber Bragg grating (FBG). The basic monitored parameter is the respiratory rate of the human body. Fiber-optic sensors are immune to electromagnetic interference (EMI). This fact singles them out as ideal for use in magnetic resonance environments (typically in MRI -magnetic resonance imaging) as a prediction of hyperventilation states in patients. These patient conditions arise as a result of the closed tunnel environment in MR scanners. The results (10 volunteers with written consent) were compared with the results using the conventional respiratory belt (RB) in a laboratory environment and processed using the objective Bland-Altman (B-A) method.Web of Science40635

Sport Centre Brno

Předmětem diplomové práce je architektonická studie sportovního centra pro Brno v lokalitě za Lužánkami se zaměřením na fotbalový stadion pro 17 500 sedících diváků. Standard stadionu spadá na základě UEFA do kategorie 3, s některými prvky standardu kategorie Elite. Jedná se o komplexní studii možného rozvoje daného místa jako sportovní a relaxační oblasti s primární sportovní funkcí zasazenou do parku. Architektonický výraz a objemové řešení stadionu vychází především z tvarosloví sportovních staveb, forma následuje funkci. Organické pojetí jasně definované hmoty zastřešení na elipsovitém půdoryse primárně odpovídá uspořádání míst v hledišti a to v horizontálním i vertikálním směru. Umožnění kvalitního výhledu na hrací plochu je základní myšlenkou celého konceptu. Stavba kopíruje morfologii terénu a je svou podélnou osou orientována ve směru sever-jih s hlavní tribunou orientovanou na západ. Primární nosnou konstrukcí je rámový trojpodlažní železobetonový skelet, zastřešený ocelovou příhradovou konstrukcí opláštěnou titanzinkovými šestiúhelníkovými šablonami.The subject of this master thesis is architectural study of sport center in Brno focused on football stadium for 17,500 spectators. Standard of Stadium comes on category 3 of UEFA, with some elements of the standard Elite category. It is a complex study on the possible development of the site as a sports and relaxation area with a primary sport function in the park. The architectural expression and volume solution of stadium is mainly based on the morphology of sports buildings, form follows function. The organic concept is clearly defined roofing mass on elliptic floor plan which mainly response to layout of the auditorium mainly in horizontal and vertical direction. Enabling quality of vision on the pitch is the basic idea of the concept. The construction follows the morphology of the terrain and longitudinal axis is oriented in a north-south direction with the main tribune to the west. The primary load-bearing structure is frame-storey reinforced concrete frame, covered steel truss construction jacketed with titan-zinc hexagonal templates.

Cogeneration

Tato bakalářská práce má za úkol zpracovat problematiku kogenerace. Je zde představen princip kogenerace a její výhody. Dále je srovnána kombinovaná výroba s oddělenou výrobou elektřiny tepla. Práce se také zabývá uchováváním elektrické a tepelné energie a používanými akumulátory. Další kapitola pojednává a vlivu kogenerace na životní prostředí a v závěru jsou stručně zmíněny hlavní provozy s brněnskými kogeneračními jednotkami a rozebrán centrální rozvod tepla v Brně.This bachelor thesis is intended to handle the issue of cogeneration. There is presented the principle of cogeneration and its benefits. Cogeneration is compared to the separate production of power and heat. This work deals with the storage of electric energy and heat and also deals with used batteries. The next chapter discusses the impact of cogeneration to environment and at the end there are mentioned the main Brno’s cogeneration units and central heat distribution in Brno.

Methods of power line interference elimination in EMG signals

Electromyogram (EMG) recordings are often corrupted by the wide range of artifacts, which one of them is power line interference (PLI). The study focuses on some of the well-known signal processing approaches used to eliminate or attenuate PLI from EMG signal. The results are compared using signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), correlation coefficients and Bland-Altman analysis for each tested method: notch filter, adaptive noise canceller (ANC) and wavelet transform (WT). Thus, the power of the remaining noise and shape of the output signal are analysed. The results show that the ANC method gives the best output SNR and lowest shape distortion compared to the other methods.Web of Science40706

The design of an indirect method for the human presence monitoring in the intelligent building

This article describes the design and verification of the indirect method of predicting the course of CO2 concentration (ppm) from the measured temperature variables Tindoor (degrees C) and the relative humidity rH(indoor) (%) and the temperature T-outdoor (degrees C) using the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) with the Bayesian Regulation Method (BRM) for monitoring the presence of people in the individual premises in the Intelligent Administrative Building (IAB) using the PI System SW Tool (PI-Plant Information enterprise information system). The CA (Correlation Analysis), the MSE (Root Mean Squared Error) and the DTW (Dynamic Time Warping) criteria were used to verify and classify the results obtained. Within the proposed method, the LMS adaptive filter algorithm was used to remove the noise of the resulting predicted course. In order to verify the method, two long-term experiments were performed, specifically from February 1 to February 28, 2015, from June 1 to June 28, 2015 and from February 8 to February 14, 2015. For the best results of the trained ANN BRM within the prediction of CO2, the correlation coefficient R for the proposed method was up to 92%. The verification of the proposed method confirmed the possibility to use the presence of people of the monitored IAB premises for monitoring. The designed indirect method of CO2 prediction has potential for reducing the investment and operating costs of the IAB in relation to the reduction of the number of implemented sensors in the IAB within the process of management of operational and technical functions in the IAB. The article also describes the design and implementation of the FEIVISUAL visualization application for mobile devices, which monitors the technological processes in the IAB. This application is optimized for Android devices and is platform independent. The application requires implementation of an application server that communicates with the data server and the application developed. The data of the application developed is obtained from the data storage of the PI System via a PI Web REST API (Application Programming Integration) client.Web of Science8art. no. 2