Penerapan Literasi Lintas Kurikulum Matematika Dalam Pembelajaran Kelas Tinggi Di Mit Nurul Islam Ngaliyan Semarang Tahun 2016

Pembelajaran di sekolah dasar atau madrasah ibtidaiyah merupakan pembelajaran yang sangat penting, sebab sebagai dasar dari pembelajaran seterusnya sampai jenjang perguruan tinggi. Pembelajaran yang diajarkan tidak boleh asal-asalan. Pembelajaran aktif kreatif efektif dan menyenangkan merupakan pembelajaran harus diterapkan. Salah satu ketrampilan yang ada dalam kurikulum 2013 yaitu kketrampilan literasi. Literasi merupakan keterampilan yang sangat dibutuhkan oleh siswa dalam proses belajarnya. Sebagai alat komunikasi dan alat belajar (means of communications dan learning tools), literasi perlu dikembangkan secara konsisten agar siswa tidak mengalami kesulitan dalam proses belajarnya. Penelitian dilakukan di kelas 4 dan 5 MIT Nurul Islam. Penerapan literasi lintas kurikulum matematika dalam pembelajaran kelas 4 hanya pada materi tertentu, misalnya mengidentifikasi sifat-sifat bangun ruang. Penerapan literasi lintas kurikulum matematika dalam pembelajaran kelas 5 hanya pada materi tertentu, misalnya mengidentifikasi sifat-sifat bangun datar, pengukuran skala

Standards for Libraries in Higher Education

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The growth of the Zimbabwe Craton during the late Archaean: an ion microprobe U–Pb zircon study

<p>U–Pb zircon ages obtained by ion microprobe are presented for late Archaean granitoids from the Zimbabwe Craton and the North Marginal Zone of the Limpopo Belt. Similar ages of crust formation in the felsic gneisses of the Zimbabwe Craton and the felsic granulites of the North Marginal Zone support the view, previously argued on geological grounds, that they represent the middle and lower crustal layers respectively of the Zimbabwe Craton. Zircons from the southern margin of the Zimbabwe Craton and the northern part of the North Marginal Zone contain old cores, confirming the presence of an old (<em>c</em>. 3.5 Ga) nucleus to the Zimbabwe Craton and indicating that the areal extent of this old nucleus is greater than has been hitherto supposed. Thus late Archaean crustal growth involved both the reworking of and the addition of new magmas to this old crustal nucleus. At 2.7 Ga crustal growth was contemporaneous with plume volcanism in the greenstone belts. In contrast, crustal growth at 2.74, 2.67, 2.64 and ?2.62 Ga was focused at the margins of the ‘old craton' and may be related to Andean style continental margin magmatism. Lower crustal melting at 2.61–2.59 Ga led to the emplacement of granitoids in the upper crust. </p

Post-collisional tectonomagmatic evolution in the northern Arabian–Nubian Shield: time constraints from ion-probe U–Pb dating of zircon

<p>Ion-probe U–Pb dating of plutonic rocks from the northern Arabian–Nubian Shield in Sinai and southern Israel constrains the timing of late East African batholithic post-collisional calc-alkaline (CA2) magmatism and within-plate alkaline to peralkaline (AL) magmatism to <em>c</em>. 635–590 Ma and <em>c</em>. 608–580 Ma, respectively. The earliest dated CA2 rocks are slightly deformed to undeformed, indicating that penetrative deformation ceased by <em>c</em>. 630 Ma. Within the CA2 suite a change from mafic to felsic magmatism is manifested in most of the region, peaking in a voluminous pulse of granodiorite to granite intrusion at 610–600 Ma. The AL magmatism started contemporaneously with the peak in CA2 felsic activity at <em>c</em>. 608 Ma and lasted until 580 Ma. It includes mostly alkaline and peralkaline granites, probably representing variable degrees of differentiation of similar parental magmas. Thus CA2 and AL granites do not represent different tectonic settings, but coeval derivation from variable sources during crustal extension. The majority of rocks dated in this study show minor to non-existent zircon inheritance and thus indicate very minor interaction with previously formed felsic crust. The rare zircon xenocrysts span a typical East African age range (900–607 Ma) and confirm the absence of older crustal components in the juvenile Arabian–Nubian Shield. </p

<i>Rafatazmia chitrakootensis</i> n. gen., n. sp., SRXTM renderings.

<p>(A–L) Holotype, NRM X4258. (A) Surface rendering. (B) Volume rendering with rhomboidal disks coloured for visibility. (C) Virtual slice. (D) Surface. (E) Volume. (F–L) Transverse slices (positions indicated in B). (M–O) NRM X5620, surface, volume, slice. (P–R) NRM X5574, surface, volume, slice. Scale bars 50 μm.</p

Relationships between filament width and cell volume in <i>Rafatazmia</i>, <i>Denaricion</i>, and some modern filamentous organisms.

<p>Data sources for the modern taxa: Oscillatoriacea [<a href="http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.2000735#pbio.2000735.ref062" target="_blank">62</a>–<a href="http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.2000735#pbio.2000735.ref064" target="_blank">64</a>] and Soft-Bodied Stream Algae of California (<a href="http://dbmuseblade.colorado.edu/DiatomTwo/sbsac_site/" target="_blank">http://dbmuseblade.colorado.edu/DiatomTwo/sbsac_site/</a>). <i>Beggiatoa</i> [<a href="http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.2000735#pbio.2000735.ref065" target="_blank">65</a>–<a href="http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.2000735#pbio.2000735.ref070" target="_blank">70</a>]. <i>Spirogyra</i> (Soft-Bodied Stream Algae of California). Individual measurements are in Supporting Information in the file <a href="http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.2000735#pbio.2000735.s001" target="_blank">S1 Data</a>.</p

<i>Ramathallus lobatus</i> n. gen., n. sp., NRM X5641.

<p>SRXTM slices. (A) Larger field of view to show the location of the imaged volume. (B–G) Consecutive sections through volume of larger cells, where putative tetraspores are marked with arrows. (H) Stereo anaglyph showing surface-rendered cell volumes of three putative tetraspores (yellow) surrounded by nontetradially arranged cells (grey, transparent).</p

<i>Ramathallus lobatus</i> n. gen., n. sp., NRM X5640.

<p>Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) images, backscatter mode. (A) Globular bodies (gb) within cells. (B) Coarse crystals (cc) and fine crystals (fc) in diagenetically phosphatized cell walls.</p

<i>Rafatazmia chitrakootensis</i> n. gen., n. sp., SEM image (A) and SRXTM renderings (B, C).

<p>A: NRM S156422 (also figured in [<a href="http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.2000735#pbio.2000735.ref052" target="_blank">52</a>]). (B, C) NRM X5544, surface, volume.</p

<i>Rafatazmia chitrakootensis</i> n. gen., n. sp., SRXTM renderings.

<p>(A–D) NRM X4246, surface, volume, slice. (E–G) NRM X4240, surface, volume, slice. (H–J) NRM X4242, surface, volume, slice; arrows point to new septa with central pore. Scale bars 50 μm except where otherwise noted.</p