Interactive Data Visualization using Mondrian

This paper presents the Mondrian data visualization software. In addition to standard plots like histograms, barcharts, scatterplots or maps, Mondrian offers advanced plots for high dimensional categorical (mosaic plots) and continuous data (parallel coordinates). All plots are linked and offer various interaction techniques. A special focus is on the seamless integration of categorical data. Unique is Mondrian's special selection technique, which allows advanced selections in complex data sets. Besides loading data from local (ASCII) files it can connect to databases, avoiding a local copy of the data on the client machine. Mondrian is written in 100% pure JAVA.

Exploratory Graphics of a Financial Dataset

company rating, default probability, support vector machines, colour coding

Associations between human leukocyte antigen class I variants and the Mycobacterium tuberculosis subtypes causing disease

BACKGROUND. The development of active tuberculosis disease has been shown to be multifactorial. Interactions between host and bacterial genotype may influence disease outcome, with some studies indicating the adaptation of M. tuberculosis strains to specific human populations. Here we investigate the role of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I genes in this biological process. METHODS. Three hundred patients with tuberculosis from South Africa were typed for their HLA class I alleles by direct sequencing. Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotype classification was done by IS6110 restriction fragment length polymorphism genotyping and spoligotyping. RESULTS. We showed that Beijing strain occurred more frequently in individuals with multiple disease episodes (P < .001) with the HLA-B27 allele lowering the odds of having an additional episode (odds ratio, 0.21; P = .006). Associations were also identified for specific HLA types and disease caused by the Beijing, LAM, LCC, and Quebec strains. HLA types were also associated with disease caused by strains from the Euro-American or East Asian lineages, and the frequencies of these alleles in their sympatric human populations identified potential coevolutionary events between host and pathogen. CONCLUSIONS. This is the first report of the association of human HLA types and M. tuberculosis strain genotype, highlighting that both host and pathogen genetics need to be taken into consideration when studying tuberculosis disease development.Web of Scienc

Clinical isolates of the modern Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineage 4 evade host defense in human macrophages through eluding IL-1\u3b2-induced autophagy article

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), has infected over 1.7 billion people worldwide and causes 1.4 million deaths annually. Recently, genome sequence analysis has allowed the reconstruction of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) evolution, with the identification of seven phylogeographic lineages: four referred to as evolutionarily "ancient", and three "modern". The MTBC strains belonging to "modern" lineages appear to show enhanced virulence that may have warranted improved transmission in humans over ancient lineages through molecular mechanisms that remain to be fully characterized. To evaluate the impact of MTBC genetic diversity on the innate immune response, we analyzed intracellular bacterial replication, inflammatory cytokine levels, and autophagy response in human primary macrophages infected with MTBC clinical isolates belonging to the ancient lineages 1 and 5, and the modern lineage 4. We show that, when compared to ancient lineage 1 and 5, MTBC strains belonging to modern lineage 4 show a higher rate of replication, associated to a significant production of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1\u3b2, IL-6, and TNF-\u3b1) and induction of a functional autophagy process. Interestingly, we found that the increased autophagic flux observed in macrophages infected with modern MTBC is due to an autocrine activity of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1\u3b2, since autophagosome maturation is blocked by an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist. Unexpectedly, IL-1\u3b2-induced autophagy is not disadvantageous for the survival of modern Mtb strains, which reside within Rab5-positive phagosomal vesicles and avoid autophagosome engulfment. Altogether, these results suggest that autophagy triggered by inflammatory cytokines is compatible with a high rate of intracellular bacilli replication and may therefore contribute to the increased pathogenicity of the modern MTBC lineages

Analysing the structure of categorical data using interactive mosaic plots and the minimisation of Boolean functions

Analysing the structure of categorical data using interactive mosaic plots and the minimisation of Boolean functions / M. Theus ; A. Wilhelm. - In: Compstat 12. 1996. S. 119 f

Interactive Data Visualization using Mondrian

This paper presents the Mondrian data visualization software. In addition to standard plots like histograms, barcharts, scatterplots or maps, Mondrian offers advanced plots for high dimensional categorical (mosaic plots) and continuous data (parallel coordinates). All plots are linked and offer various interaction techniques. A special focus is on the seamless integration of categorical data. Unique is Mondrian's special selection technique, which allows advanced selections in complex data sets. Besides loading data from local (ASCII) files it can connect to databases, avoiding a local copy of the data on the client machine. Mondrian is written in 100% pure JAVA

Analysis of spatio temporal data using interactive statistical graphics

Analysis of spatio temporal data using interactive statistical graphics. - In: Data analysis and information systems / Hans- Hermann Bock ... eds. - Berlin u.a. : Springer, 1996. - S. 217- 227. - (Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Klassifikation ; 19