La relación entre los estilos de liderazgo y las actitudes ante el cambio organizacional en una empresa de servicios

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar el estilo de liderazgo y la actitud ante el cambio organizacional predominante, así como determinar el grado de relación entre los estilos de liderazgo y las actitudes ante el cambio organizacional de los trabajadores de una empresa peruana del sector servicios. Los autores de la presente investigación diseñaron un estudio de tipo cuantitativo, correlacional y transversal. Participaron 193 colaboradores, quienes respondieron dos instrumentos: el Cuestionario Multifactorial de Liderazgo (MLQ) Forma 5X corta de Bass y Avolio (1997) para la variable estilos de liderazgo, con el que evaluaron a sus jefes (50 líderes); y la Escala de Actitud ante el Cambio Organizacional de Rabelo et al. (2004:9-30) con la que evaluaron su propia actitud ante el cambio organizacional (aceptación, temor y cinismo). Los hallazgos evidencian que el estilo de liderazgo predominante en la empresa es el transformacional y la actitud predominante es la aceptación. Asimismo, los resultados muestran que los estilos de liderazgo transformacional, transaccional y correctivo se relacionan de manera significativa, moderada y positiva con la actitud de aceptación ante el cambio organizacional; también señalan que el estilo de liderazgo pasivo-evitador se relaciona de manera significativa, moderada e inversa con la actitud de aceptación ante el cambio organizacional. Finalmente se desarrolló un plan de mejora enfocado en plantear acciones que permitan fortalecer la actitud de aceptación ante el cambio organizacional tomando en cuenta los estilos de liderazgo de los líderes de la empresa

Relationship between bone turnover and left ventricular function in primary hyperparathyroidism: The EPATH trial

Observational studies suggested a link between bone disease and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction that may be pronounced in hyperparathyroid conditions. We therefore aimed to test the hypothesis that circulating markers of bone turnover correlate with LV function in a cohort of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT). Cross-sectional data of 155 subjects with pHPT were analyzed who participated in the \uaaEplerenone in Primary Hyperparathyroidism \uba (EPATH) Trial. Multivariate linear regression analyses with LV ejection fraction (LVEF, systolic function) or peak early transmitral filling velocity (e', diastolic function) as dependent variables and N-terminal propeptide of procollagen type 1 (P1NP), osteocalcin (OC), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP), or beta-crosslaps (CTX) as the respective independent variable were performed. Analyses were additionally adjusted for plasma parathyroid hormone, plasma calcium, age, sex, HbA1c, body mass index, mean 24-hours systolic blood pressure, smoking status, estimated glomerular filtration rate, antihypertensive treatment, osteoporosis treatment, 25-hydroxy vitamin D and N-terminal probrain B-type natriuretic peptide. Independent relationships were observed between P1NP and LVEF (adjusted \u3b2-coefficient = 0.201, P = 0.035) and e' (\u3b2 = 0.188, P = 0.042), respectively. OC (\u3b2 = 0.192, P = 0.039) and BALP (\u3b2 = 0.198, P = 0.030) were each independently related with e'. CTX showed no correlations with LVEF or e'. In conclusion, high bone formation markers were independently and paradoxically related with better LV diastolic and, partly, better systolic function, in the setting of pHPT. Potentially cardio-protective properties of stimulated bone formation in the context of hyperparathyroidism should be explored in future studies

Precision of time-resolved near-infrared spectroscopy-based measurements of cerebral oxygenation in preterm infants

Significance: Time-resolved near-infrared spectroscopy (t-NIRS) is a new technology; at the moment, data on its precision in preterm infants are rare. Aim: Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the precision of t-NIRS-based measurements of the cerebral oxygenation in preterm infants. Approach: In 70 neonates [age: 4.7  ±  2.0 days, sex (f/m): 33/37], cerebral oxygenation (t-rSO2) was measured with an optode placed over the left frontotemporal lobe on the head, measurement duration was 1 min, and a reapplication was done for four further times (five applications). Results: Overall mean for t-rSO2 values was 62.2  %    ±  4.1  %  . We found a within-patient variation for t-rSO2 of 2.6%. Furthermore, 95% of all observed values were within a range of ±5  %   from the mean when looking on several reapplications and ±2  %   when looking within one application. Most of the variation in t-rSO2 (60.4%) contributed to differences between patients. The remaining 39.6% of the variation was due to measurement errors and real changes of the measured signal within the neonates. Conclusions: Since within-patient variation of t-rSO2 measures were below a clinical meaningful threshold of 5%, the measurement can be denoted as precise

Correlations between parathyroid hormone/calcium and markers of bone turnover in univariate and multivariate analyses.

<p>Correlations between parathyroid hormone/calcium and markers of bone turnover in univariate and multivariate analyses.</p

Relationship between bone turnover and left ventricular function in primary hyperparathyroidism: The EPATH trial

<div><p>Observational studies suggested a link between bone disease and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction that may be pronounced in hyperparathyroid conditions. We therefore aimed to test the hypothesis that circulating markers of bone turnover correlate with LV function in a cohort of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT). Cross-sectional data of 155 subjects with pHPT were analyzed who participated in the “Eplerenone in Primary Hyperparathyroidism” (EPATH) Trial. Multivariate linear regression analyses with LV ejection fraction (LVEF, systolic function) or peak early transmitral filling velocity (e’, diastolic function) as dependent variables and N-terminal propeptide of procollagen type 1 (P1NP), osteocalcin (OC), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP), or beta-crosslaps (CTX) as the respective independent variable were performed. Analyses were additionally adjusted for plasma parathyroid hormone, plasma calcium, age, sex, HbA1c, body mass index, mean 24-hours systolic blood pressure, smoking status, estimated glomerular filtration rate, antihypertensive treatment, osteoporosis treatment, 25-hydroxy vitamin D and N-terminal pro-brain B-type natriuretic peptide. Independent relationships were observed between P1NP and LVEF (adjusted β-coefficient = 0.201, P = 0.035) and e’ (β = 0.188, P = 0.042), respectively. OC (β = 0.192, P = 0.039) and BALP (β = 0.198, P = 0.030) were each independently related with e’. CTX showed no correlations with LVEF or e’. In conclusion, high bone formation markers were independently and paradoxically related with better LV diastolic and, partly, better systolic function, in the setting of pHPT. Potentially cardio-protective properties of stimulated bone formation in the context of hyperparathyroidism should be explored in future studies.</p></div

Baseline characteristics of 155 subjects with primary hyperparathyroidism.

<p>Baseline characteristics of 155 subjects with primary hyperparathyroidism.</p

Correlations between markers of bone turnover and echocardiographic parameters of left ventricular function in univariate and multivariate analyses.

<p>Correlations between markers of bone turnover and echocardiographic parameters of left ventricular function in univariate and multivariate analyses.</p

Correlations between parathyroid hormone/calcium and markers of bone turnover in univariate and multivariate analyses.

<p>Correlations between parathyroid hormone/calcium and markers of bone turnover in univariate and multivariate analyses.</p