Creating temporary doubly curved tensile membrane structures without cutting patterns using high strain fabrics

Tensile surface structures have been used in both permanent and temporary constructions. Using a light, flexible fabric as most important component, these structures have already displayed a great versatility in forms and uses as well as a high material performance and low self weight. Key in using a prestressed fabric is the double curved surface, being it either synclastic or anticlastic. To achieve these shapes using a flat fabric, the complex shapes are approximated by a finite number of flat panels, called cutting patterns. Generating and producing these cutting patterns however requires a lot of expertise, is often very time consuming and requires the need to connect the different panels together, such as welding or stitching. Finding a method that facilitates temporary double curved structures by eliminating the need for a thought out cutting pattern, would greatly simplify the design process and broaden the use of fabrics in architectural applications. During this preliminary research, we tested a very stretchable fabric material (Sioen F5637) to derive its material characteristics. Afterwards we designed a simple double curved structure, which starts from a single flat piece of this material, and modelled the transition from an untensioned, flat piece of fabric to a three dimensional pretensioned curved surface computationally to check the concept’s feasibility. Finally, the results from the computational model were verified with a small-scale prototype. This paper gives an overview of the structure's design process and discusses both the advantages and limitations of using high straining fabrics in real life architectural applications

Gambaran Gejala Computer Vision Syndrome Pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas HKBP Nommensen MedanTahun 2019/2020

Background: The use of computers among students is now a necessary, especially for medical students both study and entertainment. This situation can increase the risk of Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS). Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) is a bunch of symptoms on eye and vision-related problems by prolonged use of computers (such as tablets, e-readers, smartphones, etc.). This study aimed to find out the representation of CVS symptoms experienced by medical students in Medical Faculty of Universitas HKBP Nommensen Medan

Non-conservative evolution in Algols: where is the matter?

There is gathering indirect evidence suggesting non-conservative evolutions in Algols. However, the systemic mass-loss rate is poorly constrained by observations and generally set as a free parameter in binary-star evolution simulations. Moreover, systemic mass loss may lead to observational signatures that are still to be found. We investigate the impact of the outflowing gas and the possible presence of dust grains on the spectral energy distribution (SED). We used the 1D plasma code Cloudy and compared the results with the 3D Monte-Carlo radiative transfer code Skirt for dusty simulations. The circumbinary mass-distribution and binary parameters are computed with state-of-the-art binary calculations done with the Binstar evolution code. The outflowing material reduces the continuum flux-level of the stellar SED in the optical and UV. Due to the time-dependence of this effect, it may help to distinguish between different ejection mechanisms. Dust, if present, leads to observable infrared excesses even with low dust-to-gas ratios and traces the cold material at large distances from the star. By searching for such dust emission in the WISE catalogue, we found a small number of Algols showing infrared excesses, among which the two rather surprising objects SX Aur and CZ Vel. We find that some binary B[e] stars show the same strong Balmer continuum as we predict with our models. However, direct evidence of systemic mass loss is probably not observable in genuine Algols, since these systems no longer eject mass through the hotspot mechanism. Furthermore, owing to its high velocity, the outflowing material dissipates in a few hundred years. If hot enough, the hotspot may produce highly ionised species such as SiIV and observable characteristics that are typical of W Ser systems.Comment: Accepted for piblications in A&A; 21 pages, 19 figure

Shantytown Redevelopment Projects

Since 1978, market transition in China has significantly influenced the roles of the state, the market and the residents in urban restructuring. Since 2008, the central government has initiated Shantytown Redevelopment Projects (SRPs) to improve the living conditions of low-income residents. Between 2008 and 2012, about 12.6 million households were involved in SRPs, and forced to move as their dwellings were demolished. This paper investigates how SRPs are implemented by revealing how different stakeholders interact in SRPs in the city of Shenyang, China. Through indepth interviews with various stakeholders and analysis of policy documentation on SRPs, the paper reveals a complex interplay between different stakeholders, which is characterized by the centralization of the inception of SRPs, the decentralization of actual SRP implementation, changes in the role of market forces, and decreasing housing affordability and multiple deprivation of residents in SRP target areas. Various stakeholders have consensus on the need for improving the living conditions in deprived neighbourhoods and on boosting the housing market. However, conflicts arise due to frictions between the central and local governments regarding the implementation of SRPs. We also find evidence of an entrepreneurial paradox in the relationship between local governments and developers. Finally, a mismatch occurs between the scope of the SRP policy and residents’ attempts to improve their socioeconomic situation

Internal and External Variables Associated with Late Preterm Infant Mothers' Readiness for Discharge

The purpose of this quantitative correlational descriptive study is to describe the relationships among internal and external variables and any associations with the concept of readiness for discharge. The internal variables include feeling a sense of security, empowerment, confidence, coping abilities, and perception of the crisis. The external variables include the preterm birth, support systems, and resources. Relationships between demographic covariances, internal, and external variables is described in this study. A secondary purpose is to describe the use of Hill’s Double ABCX Model of Stress and Adaptation to conceptualize the LPI mother’s readiness for discharge. A convenience sample of 178 mothers consented to complete the electronic survey. A total of 163 completed a portion of the electronic survey and 101 participants completed the full electronic survey. In Qualtrics, an on-line survey tool, six questionnaires: Everyday Stressor Index (Hall, 1983), Parents Postnatal Sense of Security (Persson, 2007), Family Support Scale (1984), Parent Readiness Questionnaire (2009), Social Support (Sarason, 1981), Coping Health Inventory for Parents (McCubbin, 1981), and FACES III of Family Adaptation (Olson, 1981) were formatted to measure each of the variables stated in the research questions. Results of the study show several significant positive relationships were found between discharge readiness, levels of parity, and a sense of security. No significant relationships were found between mothers’ age and readiness for discharge, postnatal sense of security, and adaptability. No significant correlation between resilience/coping and the LPI mother’s readiness for discharge was identified. A negative correlation between stressors, support, and self-esteem was shown. A significant positive correlation between support, confidence, self-esteem, and feeling prepared to discharge was revealed. The results of this study will contribute to the healthcare providers understanding of how internal stressors negatively influences LPI mothers while external support increases the LPI mother’s confidence, self-esteem and feeling prepared to discharge. Providing nursing interventions to mitigate stress and increase support to LPI mothers promotes safer transitions to home

PENGARUH PERSONAL SELLING DAN SALURAN DISTRIBUSI TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh personal selling dan saluran. Distribusi terhadap keputusan pembelian pada CV. Tanjung Emas Semarang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitan ini adalah menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah Seluruh konsumen CV. Tanjung Emas Semarang tahun 2020 sebanyak 120 toko, kemudian diambil sampel sebanyak 40 responden. Teknik Sampling penelitian ini menggunakan teknik non probability sampling dengan teknik purposive sampling . Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang disebar secara langsung kepada sampel yang telah ditentukan. Alat analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi linier berganda. Dalam penelitian ini didapati hasil bahwa personal selling berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian dan saluran distribusi berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian pada CV. Tanjung Emas Semarang. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah secara personal selling dan saluran distribusi berpengaruh secara parsial dan simultan terhadap keputusan pembelian pada CV. Tanjung Emas Semarang

FORCE RECONSTRUCTION OF TWO DEGREE OF FREEDOM SHEAR STRUCTURE USING ACCELERATION RESPONSE

An excitation force acting on a structure should be known in order to measure the endurance of a building. This excitation force can emerge from the environmental such as wind, sea wave, earthquake and volcanic activity. To measure the magnitude of the excitation force that can be hold by a structure, generally the measurements of the excitation force is conducted by using force sensor. But there are some problems occur when using force sensor such as the safety or the difficulty to determine the right spot that directly hit by the force. To ease the measurement and avoid those problems, this research measures the excitation force of a structure using force reconstruction technique. This technique is conducted by utilizing the system responses which occur from a structure and then process it into force reconstruction. This technique is used to predict the force excitation that hit a structure without doing a direct measurement. The research held simulation testing using MATLAB® software and experimental testing using two DOF shear structure modelling. In simulation program this research use Wilson-θ method to collect the system response while in experimental testing exploits exciter as the excitation force to produce the system response and apply accelerometer to collect the responses. The variation is given to the excitation frequency for each testing. The result shows that the excitation force which given to the modelling structure is precisely same with the result of force reconstruction. It proves that the force reconstruction technique is qualified to predict the excitation force that loaded into a structure. Keywords: excitation force, force reconstruction technique, system response, Wilson- θ Method, exciter