Evaluation of contingency plans in the care of patients in intensive care units in the COVID-19 pandemic

La expansión de las áreas de cuidados de intensivos ha sido una de las medidas más significativas en esa obligada adaptación a la evolución de las distintas fases de la pandemia por la COVID-19. El objetivo es evaluar el despliegue de los planes de contingencia en la atención a pacientes ingresados en Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) durante el periodo del 19 de marzo al 20 de abril de 2020, en un hospital público, referencia para 300.000 habitantes, perteneciente al Servicio Galego de Saúde.Axencia Galega de Innovación (GAIN, Xunta de Galicia), cofinanciado con fondos FEDER (Unión Europea, «Una manera de hacer Europa» | Ref. IN845D-2020/0

The Koskobilo (Olazti, Navarre, Northern Iberian Peninsula) paleontological collection: New insights for the Middle and Late Pleistocene in Western Pyrenees

The destroyed site(s) of Koskobilo (Olazti, Navarre, Northern Iberian Peninsula) have yielded unique archaeo-paleontological evidence in the Western Pyrenees region. The quarry uncovered a karstic site with faunal remains in 1940, and fossils were recovered both in situ and from the quarry dump. Ten years later, while the quarry was still working, a new visit to the dump yielded a large lithic assemblage and additional fossil remains with a different taphonomic pattern, which has been interpreted as the remains coming from a different site or zone within the same karst system. Here we re-study the paleontological evidence and provide new dating on a speleothem covering a Stephanorhinus hemitoechus tooth, which has yielded a minimum date of c. 220 ka for part of the assemblage. In total, the fossil assemblage comprises 38 mammal and six avian taxa and three fish remains. The faunal evidence indicates that in 1940 a mix of taxa from both the Middle and Upper Pleistocene were recovered, and it is difficult to assign most of them to a concrete period. However, based on biochronological criteria some of the identified taxa (e.g., Ursus thibetanus, Ursus cf. deningeri, Cuon cf. priscus, Macaca sylvanus, cf. Megaceroides) could be roughly contemporaneous with the dated rhino tooth, which would provide a new window to the Middle Pleistocene of the region, with deposits from MIS 7d and/or older. Despite the difficulties in studying this collection, recovered without stratigraphic context and in a salvage operation, Koskobilo has yielded an important paleontological assemblage which helps to understand the paleoecology of the Middle Pleistocene human occupations in the Western Pyrenees

New data on the Quaternary of Navarre: the paleontological collection from Koskobilo (Olazti/Olazagutía)

Libro de resúmenes disponible para su descarga gratuita en el enlace: http://www.aranzadi.eus/catalogo/xv-reunion-nacional-cuaternario-libro-de-resumenesThe archaeopaleontological collection from Koskobilo is composed of hundreds of fossil and thousands of lithic remains, mostly recovered during the middle part of the 20th century. Here we present the complete paleontological study of the collection, which includes 36 mammal taxa, 6 avian taxa and a small fish vertebral collection. Additionally we have performed direct dating of a speleothem crust covering one of the rhinoceros teeth, which provides a minimum of 219 ka for part of the collection, the rest being from the Upper Pleistocene, mixed with some Holocene/recent elements. The paleontological collection from Koskobilo is one of the most important in the Western Pyrenees due to the scarcity of the local Middle Pleistocene fossil record and the rarity of some of the taxa represented, such as Ursus thibetanus, Macaca sylvanus and cf. Megaceroides.La presente investigación ha contado con el apoyo del grupo de investigación IT1044-16 de Eusko Jaurlaritza-Gobierno Vasco, del Grupo PPG17/05 de la Universidad del País Vasco-Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea y del Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (proyecto PGC2018-093925-B-C33)

Paleoenvironmental and occupational correlation in the last 14 kyr in different records of Cueva Mayor in Atapuerca (Burgos, Spain)

El objetivo de este trabajo es correlacionar las señales ambientales registradas en dos de los yacimientos de Cueva Mayor (Atapuerca), la Galería de Estatuas y el Portalón, durante los últimos 14 ka. Durante este intervalo, en la Galería de Estatuas predomina el desarrollo de espeleotemas, con precipitados de tipo laminar (costras) y goteo (estalagmitas). A partir de la caracterización petrológica de una de las estalagmitas se han diferenciado distintas fábricas cristalinas relacionadas con disponibilidad hídrica, saturación en carbonato, estacionalidad y ocupación de la cavidad. Por otro lado, en el yacimiento del Portalón se conoce una secuencia estratigráfi ca detrítica que se inicia en el Pleistoceno Superior y registra ocupaciones humanas holocenas, con distinto grado de intensidad. Su secuencia polínica pone de manifi esto un fuerte contraste entre los paisajes relativamente abiertos, desarrollados en el inicio de la misma, frente a un mayor desarrollo de la masa arbórea de forma progresiva, siendo más signifi cativa a lo largo del Holoceno. La correlación de ambos yacimientos (14-2 ka BP) establece cuatro intervalos paleoclimáticos bien diferenciados, con tránsitos no graduales, y un hiato de al menos 7 ka que abarca el fi nal del Pleistoceno y el Holoceno inicial (ca. 13-6 ka BP).The Atapuerca Mountains are located in the proximity of Sierra de la Demanda, 15 km east of Burgos, between the Ebro and Duero basins (Fig.1). The aim of this study is to correlate the environmental signals recorded on two sites (Galería de Estatuas and El Portalón) of the Atapuerca karst system called Cueva Mayor (Fig. 2), during the last 14 kyr. During this interval, in Galería de Estatuas, the development of speleothems with laminar precipitates (fl owstones) and dripping (stalagmites) was dominant. Several climatic oscillations and human occupation episodes during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene have been detected from the petrological characterization of a stalagmite (Fig. 3; Table I). The result shows variations in crystal growth (Lám. I, fi gs. 1-4) related to different formation conditions: water availability, carbonate saturation, seasonality and occupation of the cavity. On the other hand, the stratigraphic sequence of El Portalón starts in the Upper Pleistocene (30 kyr BP) and it records human occupation, with varying intensities, from the Mesolithic to the Middle Ages. Its pollen sequence shows a strong contrast between the relatively open landscapes at the beginning, and the further development of the woodlands, progressively becoming more signifi cant during the Holocene (Fig. 4, 5). The main component in the phases of climatic optimum is the pine forest associated with temperate taxa, while declines are characterized by the development of xeric taxa and open areas that facilitate erosion under cold and arid conditions (Table II). The correlation of both sites (14-2 kyr BP) provides that, for the range between 13.9 and 12.8 kyr BP, there were warm and humid conditions in general, without a marked seasonality. There was an increasing forest cover due to the development of both mesophilic and riparian taxa, indicating an increase in the values of both precipitation and temperature. In this period, human occupation has not been detected yet. A major erosion event (with a possible fl ood event) and subsequent occupation of the cave by bats (a level of guano) in both studied areas marks the Pleistocene-Holocene transition (12.8-5.9 kyr BP). Around the 5.9 kyr BP, environmental conditions ranged around a climatic optimum but with a marked seasonality, evidenced by the alternation of sparite-micrite in the stalagmite and typical vegetation of wet conditions, with a development of mesophilic and Mediterranean taxa, alternating with dry conditions associated with a slight increase in xeric taxa. In addition, Neolithic occupations with presence of remains of macrofauna, bone industry, stone industry, ceramic production and traces of cereals, related to the beginning of agriculture in the area, are found in Level 9 of El Portalón in these chronologies (6.1 and 6.07 kyr BP). The environmental conditions became drier from the 4.2 kyr BP with a decrease in the woodlands and nitrophilous taxa, and a slight increase in xeric taxa. This increase of aridity could be potentially amplifi ed by the impact of human activity and the consequent alteration of the landscape in the region (deforestation and agriculture), as evidenced by a greater number of ash layers in the stalagmite of the Gallery of Statues, reaching chronologies after 3.1 kyr BP. Human presence in El Portalón is also the most intense and continuous from the Calcolithic period (4.4 kyr BP, Level 7 / 8) to the Middle Bronze Age (3.3 kyr BP, Level 3). After this level there is a stratigraphic-cultural gap that affects the Late Bronze Age, resuming the sequence in an Iron I and some sporadic occupations of high imperial times and the Middle Age (Levels 2 and 1).Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y PaleontologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasTRUEpu

Quantum gravity phenomenology at the dawn of the multi-messenger era—A review

The exploration of the universe has recently entered a new era thanks to the multi-messenger paradigm, characterized by a continuous increase in the quantity and quality of experimental data that is obtained by the detection of the various cosmic messengers (photons, neutrinos, cosmic rays and gravitational waves) from numerous origins. They give us information about their sources in the universe and the properties of the intergalactic medium. Moreover, multi-messenger astronomy opens up the possibility to search for phenomenological signatures of quantum gravity. On the one hand, the most energetic events allow us to test our physical theories at energy regimes which are not directly accessible in accelerators; on the other hand, tiny effects in the propagation of very high energy particles could be amplified by cosmological distances. After decades of merely theoretical investigations, the possibility of obtaining phenomenological indications of Planck-scale effects is a revolutionary step in the quest for a quantum theory of gravity, but it requires cooperation between different communities of physicists (both theoretical and experimental). This review, prepared within the COST Action CA18108 “Quantum gravity phenomenology in the multi-messenger approach”, is aimed at promoting this cooperation by giving a state-of-the art account of the interdisciplinary expertise that is needed in the effective search of quantum gravity footprints in the production, propagation and detection of cosmic messengers.publishedVersio

Quantum gravity phenomenology at the dawn of the multi-messenger era -- A review

The exploration of the universe has recently entered a new era thanks to the multi-messenger paradigm, characterized by a continuous increase in the quantity and quality of experimental data that is obtained by the detection of the various cosmic messengers (photons, neutrinos, cosmic rays and gravitational waves) from numerous origins. They give us information about their sources in the universe and the properties of the intergalactic medium. Moreover, multi-messenger astronomy opens up the possibility to search for phenomenological signatures of quantum gravity. On the one hand, the most energetic events allow us to test our physical theories at energy regimes which are not directly accessible in accelerators; on the other hand, tiny effects in the propagation of very high energy particles could be amplified by cosmological distances. After decades of merely theoretical investigations, the possibility of obtaining phenomenological indications of Planck-scale effects is a revolutionary step in the quest for a quantum theory of gravity, but it requires cooperation between different communities of physicists (both theoretical and experimental). This review is aimed at promoting this cooperation by giving a state-of-the art account of the interdisciplinary expertise that is needed in the effective search of quantum gravity footprints in the production, propagation and detection of cosmic messengers

Docencia en Derecho y Proceso: hacia un aprendizaje de calidad en la Universidad

Presentación / Esther Pillado González (pp. 11-13). -- La adaptación de la asignatura derecho procesal penal al grado en la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid: un proceso aún inconcluso / Juan Manuel Alcoceba Gil (pp. 17-26). -- Role playing, cooperación competitiva y method case en la docencia-aprendizaje del Derecho Procesal / Cristina Alonso Salgado (pp. 27-35). -- Esquemas y materiales básicos para explicar en el grado en derecho el sistema de impugnación de actos jurídicos de las administraciones públicas en España / Roberto O. Bustillo Bolado (pp. 37-40). -- Nuevas herramientas y técnicas para la docencia del derecho / Juan Cámara Ruiz (pp. 41-51). -- Novas técnicas na docência em direito / Marco Carvalho Gonçalves (pp. 53-60). -- Experiência de lecionação em Direito em cursos não jurídicos – a lecionação da UC de Direito das Crianças e Jovens ao Mestrado em Intervenção Psicossocial com Crianças, Jovens e Famílias do Instituto de Educação / Cristina M. A. Dias (pp. 61-67). -- Los programas universitarios para mayores: la docencia en Derecho en la Universidad de Vigo / Teresa Estévez Abeleira (pp. 69-79). -- El aprendizaje activo del Derecho Procesal / María Dolores Fernández Fustes (81-92). -- El aprendizaje como método de adquirir los conocimientos / Raquel López Jiménez (pp. 93-101). -- Alumnado con necesidades especiales en el grado en derecho: el reto de la normalización e inclusión / Ángel M. Mariño de Andrés y M. Teresa Martínez Táboas (pp. 103-110). -- Docencia y proceso penal: intentando experimentar el proceso / Sabela Oubiña Barbolla (pp. 111-127). -- La integración de las redes sociales en la enseñanza del Derecho Penal / Natalia Pérez Rivas (pp. 129-135). -- Análisis y prospectiva de una plataforma e-learning en ciencias jurídicas / Amparo Rodríguez Damián, Margarita Pino Juste, Arturo Casar Sarasola y Manuel Pérez Cota (pp. 137-149). -- La evaluación de competencias en las materias “prácticas externas” del Máster Universitario en Abogacía: problemas y retos / Mónica Siota Álvarez (pp. 151-164). -- La enseñanza del derecho procesal a través del método del caso / Helena Soleto Muñoz (pp. 165-178). -- A aprendizagem activa do Direito Processual – reflexão sobre velhos hábitos e novas práticas / Lurdes Varregoso Mesquita (pp. 179-189). -- Acão executiva e metodologia aplicada – demonstração de caso / Lurdes Varregoso Mesquita, Diana Leiras (pp. 191-201). -- Derecho Constitucional y género / Almudena Bergareche Gros (pp. 205-216). -- Aproximación al fenómeno de la violencia de género a través de las novelas como recurso didáctico / María Castro Corredoira (pp. 217-227). -- La formación en género en derecho penal: el cine como recurso didáctico / Natalia Pérez Rivas, Fernando Vázquez-Portomeñe Seijas (pp. 229-240). -- Cuestiones controvertidas de la docencia en el ámbito del derecho constitucional: la perspectiva de género y el principio de transversalidad / Pablo Riquelme Vázquez (pp. 241-253). -- Storytelling y cine extranjero en la explicación del sistema de justicia penal español / Cristina Alonso Salgado (pp. 257-263). -- Direito e Cinema. Breve reflexão a partir da experiência da docência ao 1.º ano do curso de Direito / Maria Clara Calheiros (pp. 265-273). -- El cine como opción pedagógica en la enseñanza del derecho penal / Fernando Vázquez-Portomeñe Seijas y María Castro Corredoira (pp. 275-286). -- El jurista del siglo XXI y la Universidad del siglo pasado: ¿realidades irreconciliables? / Amaya Arnáiz Serrano (pp. 289-307). -- La formación del abogado del siglo XXI / Emiliano Carretero Morales (pp. 309-321). -- El cambio del perfil del alumno y su influencia a la enseñanza superior / Anna Fiodorova (pp. 323-335). -- La enseñanza del derecho en el marco Bolonia: reflexiones en base a las distintas tradiciones jurídicas / Mercedes Llorente Sánchez-Arjona (pp. 337-355)

Estudio paleoambiental a partir de precipitados químicos: espeleotemas de la Sala Roja (Cueva Goikoetxe, Busturia, Bizkaia)

El estudio de la evolución geológica de la cueva de Goikoetxe muestra las distintas secuencias de relleno de la cavidad haciendo posible diferenciar dos secuencias aloestratigráficas que incluyen tanto depósitos de relleno detrítico como de precipitado químico, alternando con eventos erosivos. Dichas secuencias permiten reconstruir la historia de la cavidad durante el transcurso de su formación. En relación a los precipitados de origen químico, han podido diferenciarse al menos tres generaciones de espeleotemas, con dos fases de formación de estalagmitas bien diferenciadas: Antuá (basculada debido a una erosión en la cavidad) y Moreno (de desarrollo vertical sobre Antúa y por tanto de génesis posterior). A partir del estudio petrográfico de estos espeleotemas, se han diferenciado distintas fases de crecimiento por cambios ambientales. Futuros análisis mediante catodoluminiscencia y microscopio electrónico permitirán establecer con mayor precisión la evolución paleoambiental del entorno, mientras que el análisis geoquímico determinará la razón de la coloración de las estalagmitas presentes en esta cueva. Además, también se realizarán dataciones U/Th con el fin de saber la edad exacta de cada proceso.Peer Reviewe