Influence of the notch-sharpening technique on styrene-acrylonitrile fracture behavior

The Centre Catala del Plastic and Universidad Rey Juan Carlos laboratories joined forces to investigate the effect of the notch-sharpening technique on the fracture parameters of styrene-acrylonitrile. Contact notch-sharpening techniques, such as razor tapping, razor sliding, and razor broaching, and a noncontact procedure, femtolaser, were analyzed. The fracture values of the samples with notches sharpened via contact techniques were divided into two groups: one with pop-in and the other with no pop-in in the load-displacement records; this resulted in the lowest and highest fracture toughnesses, respectively. The fracture parameters of the specimens with notches sharpened via a femtolaser were between those of the samples with notches sharpened via contact procedures in which pop-in occurred and those in which it did not. To explain these results, the crack front of the nontested specimens after sharpening was investigated in depth, we identified the type of damage and measured its size and the crack tip radii. The morphology of the crack front was related to the fractographic study.Postprint (author's final draft

Estudio integral del proceso de temple por láser con ópticas tipo escáner: Modelización, experimentación y control

288 p.El trabajo de tesis presenta el desarrollo de una metodología basada en el empleo de una óptica móvil o una óptica de tipo escáner para su uso en operaciones de temple por láser. Este trabajo, realizado en el Dpto. de Ingeniería Mecánica de la Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, se basa en el análisis y desarrollo de una nueva configuración de máquina basada en el empleo de ópticas móviles para su empleo en el proceso de temple por láser en la industria, aportando la posibilidad de variar el tamaño de la zona templada en cada momento, así como de controlar la densidad de energía aplicada.Este enfoque, muy poco estudiado en la bibliografía tanto científica como industrial, se basa en un desarrollo integral del proceso apoyado en tres pilares: El desarrollo del control, la mecatrónica y la puesta a punto del sistema, la modelización del proceso y la validación experimental

Because I'm Happy: Exploring the Happiness of Shopping in Social Enterprises and its Effect on Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty

[Abstract] Purpose: This research analyzes the role of happiness associated with sustainable purchases in social enterprises (SEs) as a key precursor of prosocial behavioral responses through satisfaction with such purchases. Design/methodology/approach: This paper studies the relationships between past purchase in a social enterprise, consumer happiness, satisfaction and three indicators of loyalty: repurchase intention, word-of-mouth (WOM) intention and willingness to pay more. In addition, it analyzes the moderating role of altruistic motivation. A survey was designed to collect data from 380 consumers who had bought in a social enterprise. Findings: Sustainable consumption is a source of happiness for ethical consumers to the extent that they feel that they meet a personal need or desire, and they contribute to achieving a social objective with their purchasing behavior. Practical implication: SEs must appeal to the happiness of consumers as a strategic line to achieve their satisfaction and loyalty. Social enterprise practitioners and marketers should deploy organizational capabilities and resources in key performing areas such as communication, customer service or shopping experience, with the purpose of maximizing the happiness of ethical consumers with whom the firm is interacting for the first time. Originality/value: This research highlights the importance of the social enterprise in the commercial setting, since it has been proven that purchases in these companies generate happiness and satisfaction in consumers. In addition, satisfaction has a great impact on their loyalty, which is a direct advantage for this type of company and an indirect one for society as a wholeThis research was funded by the MICINN National Project CO-CRESEO: The co-creation of value in social enterprises. Effects of the omnichannel strategy (PID 2019-109580RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033)

Connecting Social Enterprises and Sustainable Consumption: Systematic Review, Bibliometric Analysis, and Conceptual Framework

[Abstract]: The purpose of this study is to explore the meeting point between social enterprises (SEs) and sustainable consumption, given the proven potential of these hybrid organizations in the achievement of sustainable development. Paradoxically, scholarly attention has been scarce to this field of research, particularly from the perspectives of SE products and (potential) customers. Aiming to shed some light, a systematic literature review was conducted, resulting in 24 scientific publications descriptively and thematically explored based on a bibliometric analysis. The findings show that the link between SEs and sustainable consumption is very recent and that empirical articles using quantitative methodologies prevail focused on the analysis of capabilities and performances of SEs aiming to positively influence customers’ response. Nevertheless, the attention to the identification of product attributes and the individual determinants effective enough to press the buy button is still limited. In response to this shortcoming, the originality of this study consists of assembling the findings in this regard into an integrated conceptual framework that paves the way for future analysis in this field of studyMICINN National Project CO-CRESEO ; PID2019-109580RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/ 50110001103

Sedentarismo y condición física en mujeres post-menopáusicas

Objetivos: establecer la relación entre un comportamiento sedentario (permanecer sentada ≥4 horas/día) y la condición física en 457 mujeres ≥65 años. Metodología: la condición física se evaluó mediante 8 test (batería ‘Senior Fitness Test’). Se utilizó ANOVA para analizar diferencias entre grupos en función de las horas de sedestación y regresión logística para estudiar la asociación del comportamiento sedentario con baja condición física, utilizando como referencia el percentil 20 de los valores normativos en España (Proyecto EXERNET). Resultados: las mujeres sedentarias obtuvieron valores más bajos en las pruebas de equilibrio, fuerza de piernas y brazo izquierdo, flexibilidad de brazos y velocidad (p<0.05). Además, aquellas mujeres que permanecían sentadas ≥4 horas/día presentaban mayor riesgo de baja condición física en las pruebas citadas anteriormente, independientemente de las horas dedicadas a caminar (p<0.05). Conclusión: permanecer mucho tiempo sentada influye negativamente sobre la condición física de las mujeres postmenopáusicas independientemente del tiempo que caminen

Linguistic and cultural properties of the Spanish adaptation of the CAT (SP-CAT): pilot results from neurotypical subjects

[Abstract] Introduction. Aphasia assessments in languages other than English are scarce. In the case of Spanish, this scarcity includes a need for assessments with linguistic and cultural adaptations that consider dialectal varieties and cultural traits across Spanish-speaking populations. Aims of the study. This study discusses the linguistic and cultural adaptation of the Comprehensive Aphasia Test (CAT) to Spanish (SP-CAT), a version that can be used in Spain and Spanish-speaking Latin American countries, and provide pilot results assessing whether performance is comparable across samples. Methods. For the linguistic adaptation, we discuss considerations such as typological differences between English and Spanish, Spanish varieties, gender cues, spelling-sound regularities, transparency, and other syntax-related aspects. For the cultural adaptation, we discuss considerations such as culturally relevant items and images, and covering different Spanish varieties within the SP-CAT. The pre-testing of items for the SP-CAT included controlling variables such as name agreement of visual stimuli (examined in n=237 healthy participants), imageability (examined in n=244 healthy participants), and lexical frequency (from the Corpus of Reference of Current Spanish). We also conducted a pilot study of the SP-CAT with 82 healthy participants from Chile, Colombia, and Spain to assess differences in performance within tasks between the included countries; analysis of such differences was completed within a Bayesian framework. Results. The SP-CAT provides a linguistic and cultural adaptation of the original English CAT. Item pre-testing included name agreement, lexical frequency, and imageability tests to ensure comparability with the English original version. Our pilot study confirmed that there are no clinically significant differences in performance within tasks between the included countries in healthy participants, a necessary step towards the final validation of a test for the Spanish-speaking world. Discussion. The SP-CAT responds to a need to develop linguistically and culturally sensitive adaptations of assessments for Spanish-speaking people with aphasia to be used in clinical practice. Pilot results indicate that the adaptation meets the criteria to be used across Spanish varieties. In light of promising pilot results, the next phase of this study will assess the validity and reliability of the SP-CAT, providing normative data for its administration.Dr. Martínez-Ferreiro acknowledges the support of the Ramón y Cajal fellowship, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Spain (grant no. RYC2020-028927-1). Dr. Méndez Orellana acknowledges the support of the Fondo Nacional de Investigación y desarrollo en Salud FONIS SA21I0065. Dr. Quique currently receives funding as a Fogarty Global Health Fellow, which is sponsored by the Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health. Throughout the multiple years of this project, she has received different sources of funding, not directly for this project; for example, the National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research (NIDILRR) Switzer Research Fellowship. (90SFGE0037-01-00); and NIDILRR Advanced Rehabilitation Research and Training (ARRT; 90ARHF0003). The contents are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official views of, nor an endorsement, by ACL/HHS, or the US Government.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España); RYC2020-028927-1Fondo Nacional de Investigación y desarrollo en Salud (Chile); SA21I006

Analysis of the Part Distortions for Inconel 718 SLM: A Case Study on the NIST Test Artifact

The present paper evaluates the misalignment and geometry distortion of the standard National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) test artifact in Inconel 718 alloy, when several layers with and without supports are employed to manufacture it by the Selective Laser Melting (SLM) process. To this end, a coordinate-measuring machine (CMM) is used to measure the geometrical distortion in each manufacturing configuration, following the same measurement protocol. The results show that the laser path strategy favors a thermal gradient which, consequently, induces geometrical distortions in the part. To prove this hypothesis, a numerical simulation is performed to determine the thermal gradient and the pattern of the residual stresses. It was found that the geometrical distortion certainly depends on the position of the feature position and laser strategy, where thermal cycles and residual thermal stresses had an impact in the end-part geometry, especially if a high strength-to-weight ratio commonly used in aeronautics is present.This work is supported by the Serra Húnter program (Generalitat de Catalunya) reference number [UPC-LE-304 (2018)] and by the Aeronautics Advanced Manufacturing Center (CFAA) in the JANO—Joint action toward digital transformation project framework. Diego Celentano acknowledges Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (PUC), Wallonie-Bruxelles International (WBI) and National Council for Scientific and Technological Research CONICYT (FONDECYT Projects No. 3180006 and 1180591) for the financial supports provided for this work