CUIDADOS DE ENFERMERÍA EN EL TRASPLANTE CARDIACO

El trabajo que presentamos se centra en una unidad polivalente de cuidados intermedios de trasplantes. Allí ingresan los pacientes sometidos a Trasplante de Hígado, Riñón, Corazón, Páncreas, Córnea, Médula Ósea y Multiórganos: Páncreas-Riñón, siendo el trasplante cardiaco el que vamos a desarrollar con la exposición de un protocolo de actuación en el pre y post-operatorio, como indicaciones terapéuticas, así como la presentación de los cuidados de enfermería ante esta situaciónThe research that we present deals on the subject of a polyvalent unit of transplant intervals cares. Patients submitted to Trasplant of Liver, Kidney, Heart, Pancreas, Cornea, Bony Marrow and Multiorgans: Pancreas – kidney enter to this unit. In this case the cardiac transplantwill be the one developed within the exhibition of a protocol of performance in the pre and postoperatory as therapeutic indications, as well as the presentation of nursing care before this situation

Linking forest cover, soil erosion and mire hydrology to late-Holocene human activity and climate in NW Spain

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (http://www.uk.sagepub.com/aboutus/openaccess.htm).This article has been made available through the Brunel Open Access Publishing Fund.Forest clearance is one of the main drivers of soil erosion and hydrological changes in mires, although climate may also play a significant role. Because of the wide range of factors involved, understanding these complex links requires long-term multi-proxy approaches and research on the best proxies to focus. A peat core from NW Spain (Cruz do Bocelo mire), spanning the last ~3000 years, has been studied at high resolution by physical (density and loss on ignition (LOI)), geochemical (elemental composition) and palynological (pollen and non-pollen palynomorphs) analyses. Proxies related to mineral matter fluxes from the catchment (lithogenic tracers, Glomus and Entorrhiza), rainfall (Bromine), mire hydrology (HdV-18), human pressure (Cerealia-type, nitrophilous taxa and coprophilous fungi) and forest cover (mesophilous tree taxa) were the most useful to reconstruct the evolution of the mire and its catchment. Forest clearance for farming was one of the main drivers of environmental change from at least the local Iron Age (~2685 cal. yr BP) onwards. The most intense phase of deforestation occurred during Roman and Germanic times and the late Middle Ages. During these phases, the entire catchment was affected, resulting in enhanced soil erosion and severe hydrological modifications of the mire. Climate, especially rainfall, may have also accelerated these processes during wetter periods. However, it is noteworthy that the hydrology of the mire seems to have been insensitive to rainfall variations when mesophilous forest dominated. Abrupt changes were only detected once intense forest clearance commenced during the Iron Age/Roman transition (~2190 cal. yr BP) phase, which represented a tipping point in catchment's ability to buffer impacts. Overall, our findings highlight the importance of studying ecosystems' long-term trajectories and catchment-wide processes when implementing mire habitat protection measures.This work was funded by the projects CGL2010-20672 (Plan Nacional I+D+i, Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation) and 10PXIB200182PR (General Directorate of I+D, Xunta de Galicia). N Silva-Sánchez and L López-Merino are currently supported by a FPU predoctoral scholarship (AP2010-3264) funded by the Spanish Government and a MINT postdoctoral fellowship funded by the Brunel Institute for the Environment, respectively

Identificat el receptor de la relaxació del còlon

Un grup d'investigadors del Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia e Immunologia i de l'Institut de Neurociències de la UAB han confirmat que el receptor P2Y1 és responsable de la relaxació del còlon. Una recerca prèviament realitzada a la UAB en mostres de colon humà, ha estat confirmada en aquest estudi amb un ratolí genèticament modificat que no té el receptor i per tant el colon no es relaxa. Futurs estudis permetran valorar la funció del receptor en diferents patologies.Un grupo de investigadores del Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología y del Instituto de Neurociencias de la UAB han confirmado que el receptor P2Y1 es responsable de la relajación del colon. Una investigación previamente realizada en la UAB en muestras de colon humano, ha sido confirmada en este estudio con ratón genéticamente modificado que no tiene el receptor y por tanto el colon del cual no se relaja. Futuros estudios permitirán valorar la función del receptor en diferentes patologías

Global environmental changes: setting priorities for Latin American coastal habitats.

The definitive version is available at www.blackwell-synergy.comThe Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) reports that Global Environmental Changes (GEC) are occurring quicker than at any other time over the last 25 million years and impacting upon marine environments (Bellard et al., 2012). There is overwhelming evidence showing that GEC are affecting both the quality and quantity of the goods and services provided by a wide range of marine ecosystems. In order to discuss regional preparedness for global environmental changes, a workshop was held in Ilhabela, Brazil (22- 26 April 2012) entitled "Evaluating the Sensitivity of Central and South American Benthic Communities to Global Environmental Changes" that drew together scientists from ten Latin American and three European countries. © 2013 Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Tratamiento antifúngico con posaconazol y anfotericina B en paciente con mucormicosis rinosinusal

Introducción: La mucormicosis es una infección fúngica con elevada morbilidad y mortalidad. Se requiere tanto tratamiento quirúrgico como antifúngico, siendo el antimicótico de elección anfotericina B. Posaconazol es un antimicótico derivado de triazol que presenta actividad in vitro e in vivo frente a zygomicetes y que se ha usado en pacientes refractarios o intolerantes a anfotericina B. Descripción del caso: Varón de 70 años con recidiva de mucormicosis rinosinusal ocular izquierda. Había recibido anfotericina B liposomal asociada a posaconazol 8 semanas; tras este primer ingreso fue dado de alta con dosis infraterapéuticas de posaconazol. Volvió a ingresar por recidiva de la enfermedad, se practicó cirugía y recibió anfotericina B liposomal asociada a posaconazol 5 semanas. Siete meses después del alta, el paciente estaba clínicamente estable y continuaba tratamiento con posaconazol. Discusión/Conclusiones: Anfotericina B es el tratamiento de elección en la mucormicosis. Posaconazol es una alternativa aceptable en pacientes refractarios o intolerantes, presentando un perfil de seguridad favorable

Tratamiento antifúngico con posaconazol y anfotericina B en paciente con mucormicosis rinosinusal

Introducción: La mucormicosis es una infección fúngica con elevada morbilidad y mortalidad. Se requiere tanto tratamiento quirúrgico como antifúngico, siendo el antimicótico de elección anfotericina B. Posaconazol es un antimicótico derivado de triazol que presenta actividad in vitro e in vivo frente a zygomicetes y que se ha usado en pacientes refractarios o intolerantes a anfotericina B. Descripción del caso: Varón de 70 años con recidiva de mucormicosis rinosinusal ocular izquierda. Había recibido anfotericina B liposomal asociada a posaconazol 8 semanas; tras este primer ingreso fue dado de alta con dosis infraterapéuticas de posaconazol. Volvió a ingresar por recidiva de la enfermedad, se practicó cirugía y recibió anfotericina B liposomal asociada a posaconazol 5 semanas. Siete meses después del alta, el paciente estaba clínicamente estable y continuaba tratamiento con posaconazol. Discusión/Conclusiones: Anfotericina B es el tratamiento de elección en la mucormicosis. Posaconazol es una alternativa aceptable en pacientes refractarios o intolerantes, presentando un perfil de seguridad favorable

Oral chondroitin sulfate and prebiotics for the treatment of canine Inflammatory Bowel Disease: a randomized, controlled clinical trial

BACKGROUND Canine inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic enteropathy of unknown etiology, although microbiome dysbiosis, genetic susceptibility, and dietary and/or environmental factors are hypothesized to be involved in its pathogenesis. Since some of the current therapies are associated with severe side effects, novel therapeutic modalities are needed. A new oral supplement for long-term management of canine IBD containing chondroitin sulfate (CS) and prebiotics (resistant starch, β-glucans and mannaoligosaccharides) was developed to target intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress, and restore normobiosis, without exhibiting any side effects. This double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in dogs with IBD aims to evaluate the effects of 180 days administration of this supplement together with a hydrolyzed diet on clinical signs, intestinal histology, gut microbiota, and serum biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress. RESULTS Twenty-seven client-owned biopsy-confirmed IBD dogs were included in the study, switched to the same hydrolyzed diet and classified into one of two groups: supplement and placebo. Initially, there were no significant differences between groups (p > 0.05) for any of the studied parameters. Final data analysis (supplement: n = 9; placebo: n = 10) showed a significant decrease in canine IBD activity index (CIBDAI) score in both groups after treatment (p < 0.001). After treatment, a significant decrease (1.53-fold; p < 0.01) in histologic score was seen only in the supplement group. When groups were compared, the supplement group showed significantly higher serum cholesterol (p < 0.05) and paraoxonase-1 (PON1) levels after 60 days of treatment (p < 0.01), and the placebo group showed significantly reduced serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels after 120 days (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found between groups at any time point for CIBDAI, WSAVA histologic score and fecal microbiota evaluated by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). No side effects were reported in any group. CONCLUSIONS The combined administration of the supplement with hydrolyzed diet over 180 days was safe and induced improvements in selected serum biomarkers, possibly suggesting a reduction in disease activity. This study was likely underpowered, therefore larger studies are warranted in order to demonstrate a supplemental effect to dietary treatment of this supplement on intestinal histology and CIBDAI

Predicting the onset and persistence of episodes of depression in primary health care. The predictD-Spain study: Methodology

Background: The effects of putative risk factors on the onset and/or persistence of depression remain unclear. We aim to develop comprehensive models to predict the onset and persistence of episodes of depression in primary care. Here we explain the general methodology of the predictD-Spain study and evaluate the reliability of the questionnaires used. Methods: This is a prospective cohort study. A systematic random sample of general practice attendees aged 18 to 75 has been recruited in seven Spanish provinces. Depression is being measured with the CIDI at baseline, and at 6, 12, 24 and 36 months. A set of individual, environmental, genetic, professional and organizational risk factors are to be assessed at each follow-up point. In a separate reliability study, a proportional random sample of 401 participants completed the test-retest (251 researcher-administered and 150 self-administered) between October 2005 and February 2006. We have also checked 118,398 items for data entry from a random sample of 480 patients stratified by province. Results: All items and questionnaires had good test-retest reliability for both methods of administration, except for the use of recreational drugs over the previous six months. Cronbach's alphas were good and their factorial analyses coherent for the three scales evaluated (social support from family and friends, dissatisfaction with paid work, and dissatisfaction with unpaid work). There were 191 (0.16%) data entry errors. Conclusion: The items and questionnaires were reliable and data quality control was excellent. When we eventually obtain our risk index for the onset and persistence of depression, we will be able to determine the individual risk of each patient evaluated in primary health car