Estudio de sensores textiles para su uso en bioinstrumentación

Durante el estudio se pretende realizar una recopilación de los diferentes sensores textiles, centrándose en los sensores de humedad, analizarlos y comprender las características más importantes de cada uno de los artículos analizados y descritos. Este estudio se realiza con la finalidad de tener una base sobre la que trabajar y realizar unos primeros pasos en el mundo de los Smart textiles. Aprender que están haciendo los demás grupos de investigación, como están integrando los sensores, y realizar el estudio del que más interesante sea, ya sea por sus posibles usos o por los métodos de integración en el sustrato. El estudio nos aportará una visión del mundo de los sensores integrados en la actualidad

A smart textile system to detect urine leakage

©2021 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.In this paper a wearable system with a sensor embroidered on a textile substrate to detect urine leaks is presented. The system consists of a moisture textile capacitive sensor together with the signal conditioning and its wireless transmission to the cloud. The proposed system has been integrated on underwear and hospital sheet to detect the urine leakage on the diaper users and critical ill patient, respectively. The methodology used by the microcontroller to measure the sensor value is a charge/discharge method. The information is visualised through a computer or smartphone, where can be seen the current state of the sensor. The system has a warning set up to communicate any urine leakage. The experimental results show the functionality of the proposed system which could supply a new tool to hospitals, nursing homes or other institutions to detect when the patient diaper or sheet need to be removed. This tool can optimise the hospital protocol and improve the patient quality of life.This work was supported by Spanish Government-MINECO under Project TEC2016-79465-R and AGAUR-UPC(2020 FIB 00028).Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

An alternative method to develop embroidery textile strain sensors

In this paper, a method to develop embroidered textile strain resistive sensors is presented. The method is based on two overlapped zigzag conductive yarn patterns embroidered in an elastic textile. To demonstrate the functionality of the proposed configuration, a textile sensor embroidered with a conductor yarn composed of 99% pure silver-plated nylon yarn 140/17 dtex has been experimentally characterised for an elongation range from 0% to 65%. In order to show the sensor applicability, a second test with the sensor embroidered in a knee-pad has been done to evaluate the flexion knee angle from 180° to 300°. The experimental results show the usefulness of the proposed method to develop fabric strain sensors that can help to manufacture commercial applications on the healthcare sector.This work was supported by Spanish Government-MINECO under Project TEC2016-79465-R and AGAUR-UPC(2020 FI-B 00028).Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Automotive seat occupancy sensor based on e-textile technology

A woven capacitive sensor is presented as a novel automotive seat occupancy sensor. The woven capacitive sensor is developed as a response to one of the most difficult challenges that the automotive sector has faced the past few years: seat occupancy sensor false positives. The designed sensor demonstrates the error-free sitting detection of a person by detecting the change of the permittivity around it, providing a distinction between a person and an object with the same weight.This research was funded by Spanish Government “Ministerio de ciencia e innovacion” PID2021 124288OB I00 and AGAUR 2020FI-B 00028.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Embroidery textile moisture sensor

Postprint (published version

Impact of conductive yarns on an embroidery textile moisture sensor

In this work, two embroidered textile moisture sensors are characterized with three different conductive yarns. The sensors are based on a capacitive interdigitated structure embroidered on a cotton substrate with an embroidered conductor yarn. The performance comparison of three different type of conductive yarns has been addressed. In order to evaluate the sensor sensitivity, the impedance of the sensor has been measured by means of an LCR meter from 20 Hz to 20 kHz on a climatic chamber with a sweep of the relative humidity from 30% to 65% at 20 ¿C. The experimental results show a clear and controllable dependence of the sensor impedance with the relative humidity and the chosen conductor yarns. This dependence points out the optimum conductive yarn to be used to develop wearable applications for moisture measurementPostprint (published version

Wearable ring resonator antenna

Postprint (author's final draft

El mètode de la farga catalana

The Catalan forge was a special smelting process derived from the artisanal forge and could be distinguished from the latter by certain characteristics and its final product. The Catalan forge process originated in Catalonia and it was used in mountainousregions where its prime material was readily available. This prime material, e.g. iron oxide, and the forge’s equipment, including its furnace, differed from those marking the traditional forge and entailed a series a changes. Thanks to the high quality of its production, the Catalan forge method became known worldwide. Indeed, smiths from all around the globe tried to use it in order to obtain a similar product. The aim of this paper is to describe the Catalan forge process for obtaining quality ferrous alloys, as seen from the standpoint of today’s technology.La farga catalana va ser un procés productiu derivat de la forja artesana, que es va diferenciar per l’acumulació de trets característics, i com a resultat va donar lloc a un acer d’alta qualitat. Va ser un procés que va tenir l’origen a Catalunya i que es va dur a terme a les zones muntanyoses, per la proximitat de les matèries primeres. Tant les matèries primeres —òxids i minerals fèrrics— com les eines utilitzades — forn i martinet— eren diferencials respecte a les seves homòlogues utilitzades a la forja artesana tradicional. Per tot això i per la gran qualitat del seu producte, era un mètode conegut arreu del món i que molts fargaires varen utilitzar amb l’objectiu d’obtenir el producte de la farga catalana. L’objectiu d’aquest article és mostrar el mètode de la farga catalana, com a procés d’obtenció d’aliatges fèrrics de qualitat, amb la perspectiva de la tecnologia actual

Study of double ring resonator embroidered wearable antennas for microwave applications

In this work, the design, implementation and test of double ring resonator (DRR) wearable antennas is carried out. Specifically, symmetrical and non-symmetrical DRRs are coupled to a transmission line by means embroidered metallic thread on a felt substrate. Both designs present good e-textile antenna parameters performance in terms of return loss, directivity, realized gain and efficiency. Moreover, the specific absorption rate (SAR) to preserve the human body safety from radiation has been analyzed by means of numerical simulations including a realistic human voxel model, according to the international regulation. Experimental results confirm that the embroidered DRR antennas present a useful technique to transmit/receive microwave signals on wearable applications.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Real-time data quality control applied at OBSEA

The expandable seafoor observatory OBSEA (https://obsea.es) is located at 4 Km of Vilaonva i la Geltrú (Catalonia, Spain) at 20 m depth. This cabled observatory obtains diferent environmental data from a meteorological station, CTD sensor, hydrophone, ADCP, buoy and seismometer. Previously, the quality control of the acquired data was not in real-time and oversighted erroneous data values guiding to a misunderstanding of the environment. Accounting that the data collected from the OBSEA observatory needs to comply with the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS) In Situ Thematic Assembly Center (INS TAC) procedures and the inefciency of the previous data quality control processes, a new automatic realtime data quality control system has been developed. The quality control consists of a set of automatic tests according to the manual for real-time quality control of in-situ temperature and salinity data of the Quality Assurance/Quality Control of Real Time Oceanographic Data (QARTOD, https://ioos.noaa.gov/project/qartod) project of the Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS, https://ioos.noaa.gov). The follow-through of the QARTOD manual for the development of the tests was made considering the community acceptance, notability and previous work of the IOOS.Peer Reviewe