Tratamiento quirúrgico de las hipecifosis postraumáticas

Se presentan 11 casos de hipercifosis tras factura vertebral torácica o lumbar intervenidos entre los dos meses y 2 años tras el traumatismo. La edad media fue de 45.5 años con predominio del sexo masculino. La etiología predominante fue la caída casual. La localización más frecuente fue T12 existiendo 3 casos de localización múltiple. La media de deformidad previa fue de 32.6º. En 10 ocasiones se utilizó doble vía, anterior con corporectomía completa, flexibilización y apuntalado anterior, seguida de instrumentación posterior y realineación mediante modelaje in situ. En un caso se efectuó decancelación e instrumentación por vía posterior debido al mal estado general que presentaba. El tiempo medio de seguimiento fue de 25 meses. Se consiguió una media de corrección de 18.4º persistiendo una deformidad media de 14.2º. Hasta la fecha, 9 de 11 casos, no han presentado dolor persistente ni clínica neurológica acompañante así como fracaso en la instrumentación. Una caso con fractura múltiple presentó nuevamente dolor por fracaso de los segmentos inferiores a la artrodesis siendo necesario nueva intervención. En el caso con clínica neurológica tras la intervención, el paciente lleva una vida independiente y deambula con andador.We report 11 cases of kyphosis after vertebral fracture thoracic and thoracolumbar with surgical treatment between two months and two years after traumatic. The average age was of 45.5 years with predominance of masculine sex. The most frequence etiology was the accidental fall. The location but frequents was T12 existing 3 cases of multiple location. The average of previous deformity was of 32.6º. In 10 occasions it was used anterior and posterior approach, these included anterior corpectomy, correction of deformity and a strut graft or cage devices with graft followed posterior internal fixation. In a case one took place decancelation and posterior internal fixation by later route due to badly been general that presented. The length of follow-up averaged 25 months. An average of correction of 18.4º was obtained persisting an average deformity of 14.2º. To date, 9 of the 11 cases, have not presented persistent pain nor clinical neurological companion as well as failure in the instrumentation. A case with multiple fracture presented pain by failure of the inferior segments to the artrodesis being necessary new intervention. In the case with neurological clinic after the intervention, the patient takes an independent life and rambles with walking

Corporate board and default risk of financial firms

This paper analyses the impact of corporate board structure on default risk of European banking firms. We focus on four core aspects of boards that have been addressed in Directive 2013/36/EU to strengthen the corporate governance of banks: the size of boards, their independence, the participation of female directors and CEO duality. We employ panel data analysis to study the 109 European listed banks between 2002 and 2019. Default risk is estimated by Merton's (1974) distance to default. We take into account the presence of unobservable heterogeneity, simultaneity and dynamic endogeneity and estimate the model using the dynamic difference and dynamic system GMM methodologies. The results show that the size of the board influences banks' default risk. Furthermore, bank size, firm profitability and GDP also exert a considerable influence

Tratamiento de las fracturas conminutas de cabeza radial mediante exéresis cabeza radial: resultados a largo plazo de 18 casos

La resección de la cabeza radial en las fracturas conminutas supone una opción de tratamiento comúnmente aceptada. El objetivo de este estudio es la evolución de los resultados a largo plazo tras escisión de la cabeza radial. Se realizó un estudio prospectivo en 18 pacientes con fracturas Mason tipo III y IV. La media de edad fue de 50 años con un tiempo medio de seguimiento de 6,8 años. Sólo 4 pacientes presentaron una pérdida de 15 grados o más de la extensión. Se produjo una pérdida den la pronación y supinación de 3,7º y 8,4 respectivamente. De acuerdo a la clasificación funcional utilizada, la media según EMPS fue de 83,3 con un 88,3% de resultados satisfactorios y según la HSSS la media fue de 71,1 con un 94% de excelentes o buenos resultados.Radial head resection is the accepted treatment of comminuted radial-head fractures in adults. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the long-term outcomes of primary radial head excision. A retrospective study was undertaken of 18 patients with Mason type III and IV. The average age at operation was 50 years and the average length of follow-up was 6,8 years. Only four patients lost 15 degrees or more of extension of the elbow. Pronation and supination were decreased by an average of 3,7º and 8,4º respective. According to the functional classification that we use, the average of EMPS score was 83,3 with a 88,3% of satisfactory results and the average of HSSS score was 71,1 with a 94% of excellent o good results

Atmospheric patterns over the Antarctic Peninsula

Dataset available in: https://repositorio.aemet.es/handle/20.500.11765/7914Using clustering analysis for the SLP field of the ERA Interim reanalysis between 1979 and 2016, five synoptic pressure patterns have been obtained for Drake area and Antarctic Peninsula (AP) region (45°S 75°S 20°W 120°W) and the resulting daily series has been made available to the scientific community. The five patterns have been named according their most important features as Low over the Weddell Sea (LWS), Low over the Amundsen and Bellingshausen Seas (LAB), Low over the Drake Passage (LDP), Zonal over the Drake Passage (ZDP) and Ridge over the Antarctic Peninsula (RAP). Each atmospheric pattern has been described after analyzing their development and evolution. A frequency analysis shows that the 5 atmospheric patterns present a similar annual frequency but a large seasonal variability. Their transitions from one to other pattern tends to follow a cycle in which synoptic atmospheric waves displaces eastwards a quarter-wavelength. Four of the five atmospheric patterns (except RAP) are very influenced by SAM, only LAB and LWS are influenced to some degree by ENSO. Occurrence of LAB pattern presents a positive trend showing agreement with other studies that indicates an enhancement of the Amundsen-Bellingshausen Sea Low. Finally, atmospheric circulation patterns have been related with the airmass advection and precipitation in Livingston Island showing the potential application to study the changes in the surface mass balance on the AP cryosphere.This work is supported by Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) trough AEMET Antarctic program and by the Spanish Investigation Agency (AEI) and the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER), grant CTM2016-79741-R for MICROAIRPOLAR Project

Motherhood performance on cartoons broadcast on television

A lo largo de la vida se asumen diferentes procesos socializadores y se convive con diferentes agentes de socialización. La exposición progresiva a informaciones y mensajes, a través de los medios de comunicación, nos lleva a ‘cultivar’ la forma de comprender el mundo, asentando creencias, representaciones mentales y actitudes. Centrando la mirada en el público infantil, por considerarse éste un público vulnerable, y tomando como referencia los roles y estereotipos representados a través de los dibujos animados emitidos en televisión, el objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar la representación que se hace de la maternidad en la animación televisiva. Para ello, y mediante la técnica del cuestionario, se pregunta a un total de 1275 estudiantes pre-adolescentes de la Comunidad de Andalucía cuáles son sus dibujos animados favoritos siendo éstos: Los Simpsons, Shin-chan, American Dad, Padre de Familia, Doraemon y Phineas y Ferb. Teniendo en cuenta la evolución que los personajes femeninos están experimentando en las series de ficción, se pretende comprobar si en los dibujos animados los personajes femeninos que ejercen el rol de madres representan la nueva versión de la modernidad de una mujer con aspiraciones profesionales, inteligente y resolutiva. Aplicando la metodología del análisis de contenido se demuestra que las mujeres continúan representando el esquema androcéntrico quedando limitadas al espacio interior y siendo, al mismo tiempo, el pilar fundamental del núcleo familiar tradicional

Electrical sensing of the thermal and light induced spin transition in robust contactless spin-crossover/graphene hybrid devices

Hybrid devices based on spin-crossover (SCO)/2D heterostructures grant a highly sensitive platform to detect the spin transition in the molecular SCO component and tune the properties of the 2D material. However, the fragility of the SCO materials upon thermal treatment, light irradiation or contact with surfaces and the methodologies used for their processing have limited their applicability. Here, we report an easily processable and robust SCO/2D hybrid device with outstanding performance based on the sublimable SCO [Fe(Pyrz)2] molecule deposited over CVD-graphene, which is fully compatible with electronics industry protocols. Thus, a novel methodology based on growing an elusive polymorph of [Fe(Pyrz)2] (tetragonal phase) over graphene is developed that allows us to electrically detect a fast and effective light-induced spin transition in the devices (~50% yield in 5 minutes). Such performance can be enhanced even more when a flexible polymeric layer of PMMA is inserted in between the two active components in a contactless configuration, reaching a ~100 % yield in 5 minutes.Comment: 25 pages, 5 figure

Ética y sostenibilidad: buscando hueco en los planes de estudios

Este trabajo muestra una propuesta de actividades docentes para el desarrollo de las competencias ética y sostenibilidad. Se pretende con ella mejorar el escaso desarrollo que de las mismas se ha detectado en un grado de Ingeniería electrónica, mediante la reducción de las reticencias del profesorado a su inclusión en su docencia. Queda como trabajo futuro medir hasta qué punto se ha conseguido la mejora y extender este trabajo a otros grados de Ingeniería.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. Plan Propio Integral de Docencia de la Universidad de Málag

Use of the gyrotheodolite in underground networks of long high-speed railway tunnels

The quality of geodetic networks for guiding Tunnel Boring Machines (TBMs) inside long tunnels depends largely on the correct use of a gyroscope. These networks are based on a series of control points at the tunnel entrance, and link each station by means of survey observations as they advance along the tunnel. Once, the networks are used to guide the TBM, they are no longer checked again. It is necessary to perform high accuracy astronomical observations to stars in order to determine the gyrotheodolite constant. Since astronomical observations cannot be made inside tunnels, geodetic azimuths have to be used for the computations. However, these azimuths cannot theoretically be compared with the astronomical azimuths obtained by the gyrotheodolite. An alternative is to compute the instrument constant using the values of the deviation of the vertical derived from a geoid model. That is the approach used in this work where a methodology for the design of underground networks in long tunnels is also presented. This procedure has been implemented during the construction of the Guadarrama and Pajares high-speed railway tunnels (Spain)

The Energetic Particle Detector: Energetic particle instrument suite for the Solar Orbiter mission

After decades of observations of solar energetic particles from space-based observatories, relevant questions on particle injection, transport, and acceleration remain open. To address these scientific topics, accurate measurements of the particle properties in the inner heliosphere are needed. In this paper we describe the Energetic Particle Detector (EPD), an instrument suite that is part of the scientific payload aboard the Solar Orbiter mission. Solar Orbiter will approach the Sun as close as 0.28 au and will provide extra-ecliptic measurements beyond ∼30° heliographic latitude during the later stages of the mission. The EPD will measure electrons, protons, and heavy ions with high temporal resolution over a wide energy range, from suprathermal energies up to several hundreds of megaelectronvolts/nucleons. For this purpose, EPD is composed of four units: the SupraThermal Electrons and Protons (STEP), the Electron Proton Telescope (EPT), the Suprathermal Ion Spectrograph (SIS), and the High-Energy Telescope (HET) plus the Instrument Control Unit that serves as power and data interface with the spacecraft. The low-energy population of electrons and ions will be covered by STEP and EPT, while the high-energy range will be measured by HET. Elemental and isotopic ion composition measurements will be performed by SIS and HET, allowing full particle identification from a few kiloelectronvolts up to several hundreds of megaelectronvolts/nucleons. Angular information will be provided by the separate look directions from different sensor heads, on the ecliptic plane along the Parker spiral magnetic field both forward and backwards, and out of the ecliptic plane observing both northern and southern hemispheres. The unparalleled observations of EPD will provide key insights into long-open and crucial questions about the processes that govern energetic particles in the inner heliosphere.Ministerio de Economía y CompetitividadAgencia Estatal de Investigació

Electrical sensing of the thermal and light induced spin transition in robust contactless spin-crossover/graphene hybrid devices

Hybrid devices based on spin-crossover (SCO)/2D heterostructures grant a highly sensitive platform to detect the spin transition in the molecular SCO component and tune the properties of the 2D material. However, the fragility of the SCO materials upon thermal treatment, light irradiation or contact with surfaces and the methodologies used for their processing have limited their applicability. Here, we report an easily processable and robust SCO/2D hybrid device with outstanding performance based on the sublimable SCO [Fe(Pyrz)2] molecule deposited over CVD-graphene, which is fully compatible with electronics industry protocols. Thus, a novel methodology based on growing an elusive polymorph of [Fe(Pyrz)2] (tetragonal phase) over graphene is developed that allows us to electrically detect a fast and effective light-induced spin transition in the devices (~50% yield in 5 minutes). Such performance can be enhanced even more when a flexible polymeric layer of PMMA is inserted in between the two active components in a contactless configuration, reaching a ~100 % yield in 5 minutes