Tomada de decisão na unidade de cultivo de Vitis vinifera nos sistemas convencional e biodinâmico

O cultivo de vinhas caracteriza-se por um modelo de plantação permanente, que requer a renovação dos cuidados com a área de plantação, e os resultados podem indicar a necessidade de renovação da lavoura na safra seguinte, o que exige tomada de decisões na gestão da unidade de cultivo agrícola. Este estudo propôs-se a saber como a identificação do perfil das características de qualidade do solo em práticas agrícolas de agricultura convencional e/ou biodinâmico pode contribuir na tomada de decisão relativa à escolha dos cuidados no cultivo agrícola de vinhas, tendo como objetivos: a) identificar as variáveis que interferem na tomada de decisão do agricultor na gestão das práticas agrícolas de cultivo; b) avaliar e comparar características de qualidade do solo de vinhedos no sistema de cultivo convencional e biodinâmico de viníferas Chardonnay, juntamente com áreas de mata nativa das proximidades dos vinhedos; c) estimar a suscetibilidade a impactos ambientais e possíveis processos de degradação do solo ocasionados no manejo do solo a partir dos sistemas e práticas de cultivo. A amostra foi intencional com relação à escolha de 19 vinhedos do sistema de cultivo convencional e 07 de sistema cultivo biodinâmico de Vitis vinifera Chardonnay na região da serra gaúcha e serra sudeste do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Para análise dos dados, foram utilizadas ferramentas da ciência econômica, a “teoria dos custos de oportunidade”, estudos da “filosofia antroposófica” que é a base para agricultura biodinâmica e, também, ferramentas que possibilitaram a realização de testes em laboratório para a análise do perfil das características de qualidade do solo. Os dados permitiram entender as questões relacionadas à equalização dos recursos naturais, econômicos e sociais na escolha do tipo do sistema de cuidados com o solo nos vinhedos que adotam sistema de tratamentos da agricultura convencional e/ou biodinâmica. Neste caso, os recursos naturais como os fatores clima e solo, e as questões econômicas, o fator demanda pelo produto, são os fatores que, de forma representativa, são os principais influenciadores na tomada de decisão do viticultor. As análises de laboratórios de solos de vinha Chardonnay do sistema de cultivo convencional apresentaram alterações importantes nas características químicas dos solos, porém, o sistema decultivo biodinâmico, foi identificado atributos semelhantes ao da vegetação natural, observadas na análise química de solo de mata nativa. O estudo mostrou que a escolha do sistema de cultivo deve ser efetuada de forma responsável e, considerando as questões de sustentabilidade do sistema, que significa ter o entendimento de que tudo faz parte de um processo dinâmico e complexo, que requer mais do que apenas um conhecimento global dos fatos, ou seja, o alinhamento dos objetivos do negócio com os seus propósitos. Isto faz com que capacidade de racionalidade tenha uma amplitude de percepção em um raio de dimensão maior, permitindo o acesso a um número de alternativas que lhe garanta, no mínimo, escolhas que mantenham o alinhamento dos objetivos com os resultados esperados para a unidade de cultivo agrícola.The cultivation of vineyards is characterized by a permanent planting model, requiring renewal with the care of the planting area, and the results may indicate the need for renewal in the following crop, requiring decision-making in the management of the farm unit. This study proposed to know how the identification of the profile of soil quality characteristics in conventional and/or biodynamic farming practices can contribute to the decision-making regarding the choice of care in the vineyards farming, having as objectives: a) to identify the variables interfering in the farmer’s decision making in the management of agricultural cultivation practices; b) to evaluate and compare soil quality characteristics of vineyards in the conventional and biodynamic growing system of Chardonnay viniferous, system together with areas of native forest in the vicinity of the vineyards; c) to estimate the susceptibility to environmental impacts and possible soil degradation processes caused in soil management from the cultivation systems and practices.The sample was intentional in relation to the choice of 19 vineyards of the system of conventional cultivation and 07 of system biodynamic cultivation of Vitis vinifera Chardonnay in the region of the Sierra Gaucha and Southeast Sierra of the State of Rio Grande do Sul. For data analysis, it was used economic science tools, the theory of opportunity costs”, studies of the “anthroposogical philosophy”, which is the basis for biodynamic agriculture, and tools that made it possible to perform laboratory tests for the analysis of the profile of soil quality characteristics. The data made it possible to understand the issues related to the equalization of natural, economic and social resources in the choice of type of soil care system in vineyards adopting conventional and/ or biodynamic agriculture treatment system. In this case, the natural resources as the factors climate and soil, and economic issues, the factor demand for the product, these are the factors that in representative form are the main influencers in the decision making of the winegrower. Analysis of Chardonnay vine soils in the conventional cultivation system has shown significant changes in soil chemical characteristics, but the biodynamic cultivation system attributes similar to those of natural vegetation were observed, observed in the chemical analysis of native forest soil. The study showed that the choice of the cultivation system should be made in a responsible way and, considering the sustainability issues of the system, which means having the understanding that everything is part of a dynamic and complex process, requiring more than just a global knowledge of the facts, but rather the alignment of the business objectives with their purposes. This makes the ability to rationalize have a wide perception in a larger dimension, allowing access to a number of alternatives that guarantee you at least choices maintaining the alignment of the objectives with the expected results for the agricultural unit

A política pública e a economia do turismo local

The aim of this paper is to propose an analytical model for the development of tourism through the results of the impacts caused by territorial public policies. It is understood that the action plans for promotion of the tourism economy is a tool that can greatly contribute to territorial development, and initiatives can have originate in both the public and private, but must show efficiency, efficiency and effectiveness in their results. The methodology used the bibliographic description of the analytical model. Finally, he concluded that the management of public policies for the local tourism economy shows are often disconnected from the management of the territory, so the ideal is that public policies are designed according to the structuring of the territory, or is, intersectoral of own public management with the objective of promoting the collective good in an integrated manner.O objetivo deste artigo é propor um modelo de análise relativo do desenvolvimento do turismo por meio dos resultados dos impactos provocados pelas políticas públicas territoriais. Entende-se que a ação de projetos para incentivo da economia do turismo é uma ferramenta que pode em muito contribuir para o desenvolvimento territorial, sendo que as iniciativas podem ter origem tanto no setor público como no privado, mas devem mostrar eficiência, eficácia e efetividade nos seus resultados. Como metodologia utilizou o estudo bibliográfico descritivo de modelo analítico. Por fim, concluiu que a gestão das políticas públicas voltadas para a economia do turismo local mostra-se muitas vezes desconectadas da gestão do território, logo, o ideal é que as políticas públicas sejam desenhadas de acordo com a estruturação do território, ou seja, a intersetorialidade da própria gestão pública com o objetivo de promover o bem da coletividade de forma integrada

Rutas turísticas y estrategias de desarrollo local

Tourism as an economic activity can contribute to the social, economic and cultural development of a region. In order to understand these dynamics, it is important not only to introduce the guiding prin- ciples of development, but also to think about strategies to implement and develop the activity in specific regions. The positive and negative factors of tourism can be shown based on the peculiar characteristics of each area. However, rather than a general discussion of the problem, this study presents the planning and management strategies of tourism of the Vale dos Vinhedos (Valley of Vineyards) Wine Route, which is pre- sented as a case study of designing tourist routes yielding local development.El turismo como actividad económica puede contribuir al desarrollo social, económico y cultural de una región. Para entender estas dinámicas, es importante no sólo para introducir los principios rectores del desarrollo, sino también para pensar en estrategias para implementar y desarrollar la ctividad en regiones específicas. Los factores positivos y negativos del turismo se pueden mostrar en base a las características peculiares de cada área. Sin embargo, en lugar de una discusión general del problema, este estudio presenta las estrategias de planificación y gestión del turismo en la Ruta del Vino del Valle de los Viñedos como un estudio de caso de estudio de rutas turísticas que visan el desarrollo local

A ação do capital social em rotas turísticas e a perspectiva de desenvolvimento local: em análise as rotas turísticas do Vale dos Vinhedos e dos Caminhos de Pedra (Bento Gonçalves, RS)

This paper aims at measuring the economic and social development of communities and social groups. Tourism as an economic activity may enhance social, economic and cultural development of a region. In order to understand this phenomenon, it is important to introduce not only the guiding principles of development, but at the same time reflect on the social capital and the connections, which enable regional development. This occurs because based on the peculiar characteristics of each region, the positive and negative factors of promoting social capital in tourist routes can be said to intervene in the promotion and feasibility of economic resources and sustainability of the actors involved. However, more than discussing these problems in general terms, here in fact, the social capital of the Vale dos Vinhedos and Caminhos de Pedra tourist routes in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil is empirically studied.O artigo busca dimensionar o desenvolvimento econômico e social de comunidades e grupos sociais. O turismo enquanto atividade econômica pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento social, econômico e cultural de uma região. Para se compreender este fenômeno é importante introduzir não apenas os princípios orientadores de desenvolvimento, mas, simultaneamente, refletir sobre o capital social e as conexões que viabilizam o desenvolvimento regional. Isso porque é com base nas características peculiares de cada região que se podem apontar os fatores positivos e negativos de promover o capital social em roteiros turísticos como interventores na promoção e viabilidade dos recursos econômicos e da sustentabilidade dos atores. Todavia, mais do que abordar em termos gerais esta problemática, aqui efetivamente se estuda empiricamente o capital social das rotas turísticas Vale dos Vinhedos e Caminhos de Pedra – RS

Quality characteristics of vineyard soil in the conventional and biodynamic cultivation system of chardonnay vinifers

Viticulture, particularly in the production of viniferous varieties, is one of the most present crops in the State of Rio Grande do Sul. Soil indicators can be highlighted attributes linked to organic carbon, which have often been used, to assess soil quality. The objectives here were: a) to evaluate and compare soil quality characteristics of vineyards in the conventional and biodynamic cultivation system of chardonnay vinifers, together with areas of native forest, in the localities where the vineyards exist; b) to estimate the susceptibility to environmental impacts and possible soil degradation processes caused in soil management from cultivation systems and practices. The study was descriptive, exploratory and comparative of quantitative analysis. The sample was 26 vineyards and 19 corresponding native forests about 8 to 10 sub-samples, at a depth of 0 to 20 cm. The results showed an intermediate condition of VBI in relation to VCO and VAT, confirming the tendency of loss of initial soil characteristics from cultivation, but maintaining several attributes in a condition closer to that observed under natural vegetation

O PAPEL DAS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS NO DESENVOLVIMENTO LOCAL - São José do Norte-RS

Neste trabalho são discutidos alguns conceitos básicos da análise de políticas públicas; destaca-se a análise de estilo político, considerando-se as implicações desta abordagem para a realidade político-administrativa de regiões em desenvolvimento, particularmente do município de São José do Norte, RS- Brasil, caracterizado por uma sociedade democrática, república com raízes regionalistas e por uma economia em base de produção primária

TRADEOFF IN THE MANAGEMENT OF THE CULTIVATION SYSTEM IN THE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION UNIT OF CHARDONNAY VINIFERA.

The study analyzed the variables that interfere in the choice of the soil cultivation system, using conventional and/or biodynamic agricultural practices for the production of Vitis vinifera grapes. The method was an exploratory and descriptive quali-quanti analysis study. The intentional sample, for convenience and non-probability, included 26 vineyards of Vitis vinifera Chardonnay, 19 of which were conventional vineyards and seven in transition to the cultivation system using biodynamic farming practices. It was concluded that economic variables are the driving force in decision making, rather than environmental or social issues in the management of the cultivation system, as well it has also been noticed that some properties are seeking new cultivation practices. In the case of biodynamic agriculture, however, there is a faint signal that environmental issues may gain greater value in equalizing alternatives for decision-making in vineyard management and especially in soil care.     &nbsp

Decision making in the management of vineyards cultivation systems

The objective of this research was to identify the variables that interfere in the winemaker's decision-making during the management of the wine growing system. To characterize the winemaker's decision-making in the management of the vineyard cultivation system, the procedures were: analysis of the selection criteria of the managers before the conventional and biodynamic systems of vinifera cultivation, considering the questions of opportunity costs of production as criterion evaluation of alternatives. It is an exploratory and descriptive study which contains both qualitative and quantitative analysis, from an intentional sample, for convenience and non-probabilistic. It has been discovered that vineyard management is a complex task, which requires information, technical follow-up, and farmers who are willing to realize that production alternatives go beyond the boundaries of the property's gateway. Finally, it was evidenced that management requires the commitment of all the factors, which are part of the productive chain, so the whole production system can remain competitive and attentive to the different opportunities that using the soil can provide

Sustainable Tourism as a Strategy for Generating Employment and Income in the Local Economy

The study addresses and deepens the debate on which are the best choices of sustainable strategic public policies to promote income and employment generation in economically depressed local economies and unattractive in attracting investments. In this context, public actions and strategies to stimulate the development of sustainable tourism are a promising path, as long as they are thought of as a regionalized process. The success of these policies largely depends on the integration and cooperation between tourist regions. However, failures in the coordination of actions, low understanding of local managers of the micro and macroeconomic scenario make more articulated and consequently more effective actions difficult. The study through a descriptive research of qualitative analysis and making use of content analysis addresses ways to ensure the promotion of sustainable growth of local economies. Sustainable tourism depends on improving regional governance, articulation and integration between territories, reliability and transparency in the management of data collection and sharing for satisfactory decision-making in the strategies of public policies for regional development of tourism

Tourism and Sustainability: resumption after COVID-19

Experience tourism in the midst of nature, the appreciation of healthy food, which allows to appreciate, taste and experience the moment becomes the motto for the beginning of a new era. The objective of this study was to identify which actions are necessary to internalize the SDGs in the resumption of tourism activities after the pandemic. The analysis of the perceptions of public managers, private initiative, and educational institutions to understand and awaken the issues of sustainability in environmental issues, in the resumption of tourism with a demand for activities in the midst of nature. The methodology was exploratory explanatory, of qualitative analysis, and uses content analysis, the NVivo11 software was used for transcription of the videos and description of the speeches of the speakers who participated in the extension activity three webinars held in 2021, within the extension project entitled "Tourism and Sustainability - a conscious resumption", proposed by the Research Group on Policies, Public Management and Development of UERGS/CNPq. He concluded that the speakers representing both educational institutions and public and private management emphasized in their speeches that: a) tourism, b) research, c) sustainability, and d) gastronomy are currently inseparable themes. Finally, the uncertainty of the future to reassess and plan the issues of environmental, economic and social sustainability, both in the resumption and how to adhere to the SDGs in a conscious and possible to do