Métodos de obtenção de dados antropométricos confiáveis

O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar os procedimentos necessários para obtenção de dados antropométricos confiáveis. Como aspectos técnicos e metodológicos, o trabalho se caracterizou como uma análise qualitativa do conteúdo buscando artigos nas bases de dados do Google Scholar, Pub Med e Scielo. Observou-se que um fator bastante importante no processo de obtenção de dados mais confiáveis é o Erro Técnico de Medida (ETM), necessário para qualquer medida antropométrica realizada. Notou-se que há diversos tipos de métodos antropométricos, tendo estes seus próprios parâmetros de avaliações e equações, sendo o método mais utilizado o International Society for the Advencement of Kineanthropometry (ISAK) pelo fato de ser o mais utilizado para fins acadêmicos, clínicos ou de monitoramento e de intervenções. Conclui-se que é de grande importância a realização de avaliações periódicas dos ETMs intra e inter-avaliador que possam promover a diminuição dos erros e viseis dos avaliadores e que o ISAK é um método muito importante para estimativa corporal pelo fato de resgatar a importância da utilização e padronização das técnicas antropométricas

Development and characterization of panettones enriched with bioactive compound powder produced from Shiraz grape by-product (Vitis vinifera L.) and arrowroot starch (Maranta arundinaceae L.)

Panettones enriched with bioactive compound powder produced from Shiraz grape by-product (Vitis vinifera L.) and arrowroot starch (Maranta arundinaceae L.) were developed and characterized. Three were made with the partial replacement of wheat flour by bioactive compound powder in concentrations of 10%, 15%, and 20%, and one was traditionally made. These products were characterized for physicochemical parameters, technological properties, and bioactive properties. The panettones produced had a violet/bluish coloration, probably because of the phenolic compounds present in the grape skin. In the analysis of the physicochemical characteristics, the formulations EP10%, EP15%, and EP20% did not differ statistically from the traditional formulation in terms of moisture content, lipids, proteins and water activity. The last one is an important point observed, because this factor can contribute to the control of water migration of multicomponent products and microbiological activity, contributing to the longer shelf life of the product. The formulations with 15% and 20% bioactive compound powder presented higher levels of ash (%), with 1.64 and 1.81, respectively. The pH presented results that can confer a positive effect on the softening of the kernel, as well as a protective effect from the microbiological point of view. Besides, color intensity, and flavonoid (>1.5 mg QE.g−1) and anthocyanins (>1.2 mg.g−1) content increased with increases in the concentrations of the powdered compound, especially in the EP20% formulation, indicating that panettones may present a potential antioxidant capacity due to the increase in bioactive compounds.Therefore, panettones presented adequate appearances, heights, and texture profiles and can be considered as a product with good nutritional, technological, and functional qualities, and the bioactive compound powder represents a green alternative to synthetic colorants in foodstuffs

APPLICATION OF SIMPLIFIED METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE WI TO PREDICT THE PERFORMANCE OF BALLS MILLS IN SOSSEGO PLANT

Over the years Vale S.A. has developed a methodology for scaling industrial comminution circuit that is being constantly improved and implemented in developing new routes and process optimization of circuits in operation. This work will be given a focus on the methodology of simplified balls mill Work Index (WI Anaconda) in performance prediction of Sossego Plant ball mill. The great advantage of this methodology is to reduce the time and weight to determine the energy consumption in ball mills, whose values can be used in studies of variability, geometallurgy and design and control of industrial grinding circuits

The Role of 3D Printing in Planning Complex Medical Procedures and Training of Medical Professionals—Cross-Sectional Multispecialty Review

Medicine is a rapidly-evolving discipline, with progress picking up pace with each passing decade. This constant evolution results in the introduction of new tools and methods, which in turn occasionally leads to paradigm shifts across the affected medical fields. The following review attempts to showcase how 3D printing has begun to reshape and improve processes across various medical specialties and where it has the potential to make a significant impact. The current state-of-the-art, as well as real-life clinical applications of 3D printing, are reflected in the perspectives of specialists practicing in the selected disciplines, with a focus on pre-procedural planning, simulation (rehearsal) of non-routine procedures, and on medical education and training. A review of the latest multidisciplinary literature on the subject offers a general summary of the advances enabled by 3D printing. Numerous advantages and applications were found, such as gaining better insight into patient-specific anatomy, better pre-operative planning, mock simulated surgeries, simulation-based training and education, development of surgical guides and other tools, patient-specific implants, bioprinted organs or structures, and counseling of patients. It was evident that pre-procedural planning and rehearsing of unusual or difficult procedures and training of medical professionals in these procedures are extremely useful and transformative

Ozonized Water in Microbial Control: Analysis of the Stability, In Vitro Biocidal Potential, and Cytotoxicity

O3 dissolved in water (or ozonized water) has been considered a potent antimicrobial agent, and this study aimed to test this through microbiological and in vitro assays. The stability of O3 was accessed following modifications of the physicochemical parameters of water, such as the temperature and pH, with or without buffering. Three concentrations of O3 (0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 ppm) dissolved in water were tested against different microorganisms, and an analysis of the cytotoxic effects was also conducted using the human ear fibroblast cell line (Hfib). Under the physicochemical conditions of 4 °C and pH 5, O3 remained the most stable and concentrated compared to pH 7 and water at 25 °C. Exposure to ozonized water resulted in high mortality rates for Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans. Scanning electron micrograph images indicate that the effects on osmotic stability due to cell wall lysis might be one of the killing mechanisms of ozonized water. The biocidal agent was biocompatible and presented no cytotoxic effect against Hfib cells. Therefore, due to its cytocompatibility and biocidal action, ozonized water can be considered a viable alternative for microbial control, being possible, for example, its use in disinfection processes

Soluble CD40L is associated with increased oxidative burst and neutrophil extracellular trap release in Behçet’s disease

Abstract Background Studies have suggested that soluble factors in plasma from patients with active (aBD) and inactive (iBD) Behçet’s disease (BD) stimulate neutrophil function. Soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) is an important mediator of inflammation in BD. Its expression and effect on neutrophil oxidative burst and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) release have not been characterized. In this study, we sought to investigate the role of plasma and the CD40L pathway on NET release and the oxidative burst profile in patients with aBD and iBD. Methods Neutrophils and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained from patients with aBD (n = 30), patients with iBD (n = 31), and healthy control subjects (HCs; n = 30). sCD40L plasma concentration was determined in individual samples. A pool of plasma for each group was created. In some experiments, plasma pools were treated with recombinant CD40 (rhCD40-muIg) for sCD40L blockade. NET release and H2O2/O2 − production were determined after stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, sCD40L, or plasma pool. Flow cytometric analysis was performed to evaluate the expression of (1) CD40, Mac-1, and phosphorylated NF-κB p65 on neutrophils and monocytes and (2) CD40L on activated T cells and platelets. CD40L gene expression in PBMCs was determined by qRT-PCR. Results sCD40L plasma levels were significantly higher in patients with iBD (median 17,234, range 2346–19,279 pg/ml) and patients with aBD (median 18,289, range 413–19,883 pg/ml) than in HCs (median 47.5, range 33.7–26.7 pg/ml; p < 0.001). NET release was constitutively increased in BD compared with HC. NET release and H2O2/O2 − were higher after stimulation with sCD40L or BD plasma and decreased after sCD40L blockade. Mac-1 expression was constitutively increased in neutrophils of patients with aBD (88.7 ± 13.2% of cells) and patients with iBD (89.2 ± 20.1% of cells) compared with HC (27.1 ± 18.8% of cells; p < 0.01). CD40 expression on phagocytes and CD40L expression on platelets were similar in the three groups. PBMCs as well as nonactivated and activated CD4+ T cells from patients with BD showed higher CD40L expression. Conclusions Plasma from patients with aBD exerts a stimulus on NET release and oxidative burst, probably induced by sCD40L

Le Monde

21 juin 18701870/06/21 (N167,A11).Appartient à l’ensemble documentaire : BbLevt