Recht in der Krise

How does the law react to real crises and what is the problem-solving power of legal regulation in difficult situations? Conversely, do crises also have an impact on how the law works – and should they have one at all? In the XXIII. Volume of the APARIUZ publication series, young researchers from the University of Zurich from different legal areas deal with how the law deals with crises. The starting point for reflections on the interplay between crises and law is not only the corona pandemic, but also a wide variety of other situations that encourage - or force - criticism and rethinking.Wie reagiert das Recht auf reale Krisen und worin liegt die Problemlösungskraft rechtlicher Regulierung in schwierigen Situationen? Haben umgekehrt auch Krisen einen Einfluss darauf, wie das Recht funktioniert – und sollten sie überhaupt einen haben? Im XXIII. Band der Schriftenreihe APARIUZ setzen sich Nachwuchswissenschaftler*innen der Universität Zürich aus unterschiedlichen Rechtsbereichen mit dem Umgang des Rechts mit Krisen auseinander. Ausgangspunkt für Reflexionen über das Wechselspiel zwischen Krisen und Recht bildet dabei nicht nur die Corona-Pandemie, sondern auch verschiedenste andere Situationen, die zu Kritik und Umdenken anspornen – oder zwingen

Recht in der Krise

How does the law react to real crises and what is the problem-solving power of legal regulation in difficult situations? Conversely, do crises also have an impact on how the law works – and should they have one at all? In the XXIII. Volume of the APARIUZ publication series, young researchers from the University of Zurich from different legal areas deal with how the law deals with crises. The starting point for reflections on the interplay between crises and law is not only the corona pandemic, but also a wide variety of other situations that encourage - or force - criticism and rethinking

Von Verfügungen über das (Nicht-)Zustandekommen eidgenössischer Referenden und den Tücken bei deren Anfechtung, Bemerkungen zu BGE 146 I 126, Sozialdemokratische Partei Neuenburg et al. gegen «Überparteiliches Komitee gegen immer mehr staatliche Abgaben»

Das kürzlich ergangene Bundesgerichtsurteil BGE 146 I 126 beschäftigt sich mit der Frage der Anfechtbarkeit von Verfügungen der Bundeskanzlei im Zusammenhang mit dem Zustandekommen von eidgenössischen Referenden. Aufgrund einer Gesetzesänderung aus dem Jahre 2007 war es dem Bundesgericht verwehrt, auf die Beschwerde einzutreten. Dieser Kommentar befasst sich nicht nur mit dem Bundesgerichtsurteil, sondern zeigt ebenfalls auf, wie es beinahe unbemerkt zur Rechtsschutzeinschränkung bei den politischen Rechten in eidgenössischen Angelegenheiten kam. -- Le récent arrêt du Tribunal fédéral ATF 146 I 126 traite de la question de savoir si les décisions de la Chancellerie fédérale concernant l'aboutissement de référendums fédéraux sont sujets à recours. En raison d'une modification législative en 2007, le Tribunal fédéral ne pouvait entrer en matière sur le recours. Ce commentaire traite non seulement de l'arrêt du Tribunal fédéral, mais montre également comment, de manière presque inaperçue, la protection juridique des droits politiques a été restreinte au niveau fédéral

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)—A New Cardiovascular Risk Factor in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

♦ BACKGROUND: Recent investigations indicated that nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a hepatic component of metabolic syndrome (MS), is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Accordingly, we were interested in exploring the frequency of NAFLD in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients and analyzing factors in PD patients associated with NAFLD occurrence. In addition, we were interested in investigating whether NAFLD is associated with higher CVD risk in our PD patients. ♦ METHODS: In the present cross-sectional study, we analyzed 58 PD patients. The controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) was used to detect and quantify liver steatosis with the help of transient elastography (TE) (FibroScan, Echosense SA, Paris, France). A carotid ultrasound was performed in all patients to measure carotid intimae media thickness (IMT) and plaque as surrogate measures of increased CVD risk, and we investigated their association with NAFLD. ♦ RESULTS: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was present in 74.1% of PD patients. Peritoneal dialysis/nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients had statistically greater daily (136.5 ± 62.6 vs 93.6 ± 36.1; p = 0.02) and monthly (4,095.3 ± 1,877.7 vs 2,806.6 ± 1,083.2; p = 0.02) glucose load in comparison to the non-NAFLD/PD patients. In the next step, we were interested in analyzing what demographic and clinical characteristics in our PD patients are associated with a higher NAFLD occurrence. Presence of diabetes mellitus (DM), arterial hypertension (AH), dyslipidemia, body mass index > 25 kg/m(2), and daily glucose load > 100 g were associated with NAFLD occurrence. Peritoneal dialysis patients with NAFLD showed more carotid atherosclerosis than PD patients without NAFLD. In addition, CAP values (as indicator of liver steatosis) showed strong positive association with IMT (r = 0.801; p < 0.0001). Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was a strong predictor of carotid atherosclerosis in PD patients. ♦ CONCLUSION: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is highly prevalent in PD patients. Peritoneal dialysis patients with NAFLD are at high risk of atherosclerosis. Assessment of NAFLD in PD patients may be helpful for CVD risk stratification