Coherently tunable third-order nonlinearity in a nanojunction

A possibility of tuning the phase of the third-order Kerr-type nonlinear susceptibility in a system consisting of two interacting metal nanospheres and a nonlinearly polarizable molecule is investigated theoretically and numerically. It is shown that by varying the relative inter-sphere separation, it is possible to tune the phase of the effective nonlinear susceptibility \chi^{(3)}(\omega;\omega,\omega,-\omega)$in the whole range from 0 to$2\pi$.Comment: 10 pages 5 figure

Inversion formulas for the broken-ray Radon transform

We consider the inverse problem of the broken ray transform (sometimes also referred to as the V-line transform). Explicit image reconstruction formulas are derived and tested numerically. The obtained formulas are generalizations of the filtered backprojection formula of the conventional Radon transform. The advantages of the broken ray transform include the possibility to reconstruct the absorption and the scattering coefficients of the medium simultaneously and the possibility to utilize scattered radiation which, in the case of the conventional X-ray tomography, is typically discarded.Comment: To be submitted to Inverse Problem

The natural resources of Bolinas Lagoon: their status and future

This publication is an integral part of the Department's high-priority inventory and assessment of coastal marshland and tideflat resources. It is intended as a guide for citizens, planners, administrators, and all others interested in the use and development of coastal lands and waters. Although the resources and problems of Bolinas Lagoon have probably been the subject of more biological and physical investigations than any small estuarine area of the California coast, many of the pertinent reports and information are not readily available to the public. Consequently, it is one purpose of this report to summarize the lagoon's history, ecological attractions, educational values and the problems facing its continued existence. At the same time, it should provide concerned citizens with a knowledge of the sources of additional and more specific information. Publication of this report is consistent with the obligation of the Department of Fish and Game to do everything in its power to protect and maintain the State's fish and wildlife resources. Therefore, its purpose transcends local issues on pollution and development, and the Department is, in fact, submitting a report to the people on the status and future of part of its inheritance and the dowry of coming generations. The report is the third of a scheduled series. It follows similar releases on Upper Newport Bay (Orange County) and Goleta Slough (Santa Barbara county) in March and June of 1970. Documentation of the resources of other critical areas is in progress. There will be future reports of this nature on Elkhorn Slough, Morro Bay, Tomales Bay, Humboldt Bay, and highly threatened marshlands in southern California. (137 pp.

Homogenization of Maxwell's equations in periodic composites

We consider the problem of homogenizing the Maxwell equations for periodic composites. The analysis is based on Bloch-Floquet theory. We calculate explicitly the reflection coefficient for a half-space, and derive and implement a computationally-efficient continued-fraction expansion for the effective permittivity. Our results are illustrated by numerical computations for the case of two-dimensional systems. The homogenization theory of this paper is designed to predict various physically-measurable quantities rather than to simply approximate certain coefficients in a PDE.Comment: Significantly expanded compared to v1. Accepted to Phys.Rev.E. Some color figures in this preprint may be easier to read because here we utilize solid color lines, which are indistinguishable in black-and-white printin

Convergence and Stability of the Inverse Scattering Series for Diffuse Waves

We analyze the inverse scattering series for diffuse waves in random media. In previous work the inverse series was used to develop fast, direct image reconstruction algorithms in optical tomography. Here we characterize the convergence, stability and approximation error of the serie

Climate services for health: from global observations to local interventions

Despite the wealth of available climate data available, there is no consensus on the most appropriate product choice for health impact modelling and how this influences downstream climate-health decisions. We discuss challenges related to product choice, highlighting the importance of considering data biases and co-development of climate services between different sectors

CXCR1 (chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 1)

Review on CXCR1 (chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 1), with data on DNA, on the protein encoded, and where the gene is implicated

Endangered academia: preserving the pediatric surgeon scientist

Background Pediatric surgery is one of the most difficult surgical fellowships to obtain. It requires stellar academic credentials and, often, dedicated time pursuing research. It is unknown, however, if pediatric surgeons maintain high academic output as faculty members. We hypothesized that the majority of pediatric surgeons do not pursue robust research activities as faculty, and therefore, over time, their academic productivity decreases. Methods Numbers of publications, citations, H-index, and NIH funding rates were determined for 4354 surgical faculty at the top-55 NIH based departments of surgery using websites, Scopus, NIH RePORTER, and Grantome. Continuous variables were compared with ANOVA and post-hoc Bonferroni; categorical variables by χ2 test. p < 0.05 was significant. Results In this dataset, 321 pediatric surgery (PS) faculty represented 7.4% of the cohort. Among PS faculty, 31% were assistant professors, 24% associate professors, 31% full professors and 13% had no academic rank. PS faculty had significantly more publications, a higher H index, and more high level NIH funding early in their careers at the assistant professor level compared to general surgeons. PS faculty at the associate professor level had equivalent high level NIH funding, but lower recentness and academic power compared to general surgeons. Professors of PS rebounded slightly, with only observed deficiencies in number of citations compared to general surgeons. Conclusions PS faculty in assistant professor ranks has higher scholarly productivity compared to equivalently ranked general surgeons. Despite some mild academic setbacks in midcareer, pediatric surgeons are able to maintain similar academic productivity to their general surgery colleagues by the time they are full professors. Level of evidence 2

Light scattering by an ensemble of interacting dipolar particles with both electric and magnetic polarizabilities

We have studied the problem of light scattering by an ensemble of dipoles with both electric and magnetic polarizabilities. Using the coupled electric and magnetic dipole method as the formal base, we have generalized the eigenvector decomposition of the local dipole moments previously derived for purely electric particles to the case of both electric and magnetic dipoles. We have analyzed the properties of eigenvalues and eigenvectors in the most elementary case of two particles. In the purely electric case, the eigenvalues correspond to the resonance modes of the system due to the electromagnetic coupling of its components. For a two-dipole system with both electric and magnetic responses, purely electric, purely magnetic, and mixed states can be distinguished. The resonance spectrum is analyzed as a function of the magnetic permeability, and it is shown that the latter can be fitted quite accurately by the eigenmode decomposition

Fuel Cells Vehicle Systems Analysis (Fuel Cell Freeze Investigation)

Presentation on Fuel Cells Vehicle Systems Analysis (Fuel Cell Freeze Investigation) for the 2005 Hydrogen, Fuel Cells & Infrastructure Technologies Program Annual Review held in Arlington, Virginia on May 23-26, 2005