Public transport policy in the Netherlands

Dutch public transport as a part of transport policy.Institute of Transport and Logistics Studies. Faculty of Economics and Business. The University of Sydne

Allodynia in cluster headache

Paroxysmal Cerebral Disorder

Linking migraine frequency with family history of migraine

Background: Migraine is a complex genetic disorder that is brought about by multiple genetic and environmental factors. We aimed to assess whether migraine frequency is associated with genetic susceptibility. Methods: We investigated in 2829 migraine patients (14% males) whether ‘migraine frequency’ (measured as the number of migraine days per month) was related to ‘genetic load’ (measured as the number of parents affected with migraine) using a validated web-based questionnaire. In addition, we investigated associations with age-at-onset, migraine subtype, use of acute headache medication, and comorbid depression. Results: We found an association between the number of migraine days per month and family history of migraine for males (p = 0.03), but not for females (p = 0.97). This association was confirmed in a linear regression analysis. Also, a lower age-at-onset (p < 0.001), having migraine with aura (p = 0.03), and a high number of medication days (p = 0.006) were associated with a stronger family history of migraine, whereas lifetime depression (p = 0.13) was not. Discussion: Migraine frequency, as measured by the number of migraine days per month, seems associated with a genetic predisposition only in males. A stronger family history of migraine was also associated with a lower age-at-onset, a higher number of medication days, and migraine with aura. Our findings suggest that specific clinical features of migraine seem more determined by genetic factors

Supplemental material for Linking migraine frequency with family history of migraine

<p>Supplemental material for Linking migraine frequency with family history of migraine by Nadine Pelzer, Mark A Louter, Erik W van Zwet, Dale R Nyholt, Michel D Ferrari, Arn MJM van den Maagdenberg, Joost Haan and Gisela M Terwindt in Cephalalgia</p

Wishes of patients concerning time to effect (third round).

<p>Each symptom rated only by patients who reported that they experienced this symptom themselves.</p

Characteristics of panel members (N = 169).

<p>Values are means (SD) unless stated otherwise.</p><p>HADS = Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.</p><p>* Paracetamol, NSAID, or saridon.</p

Contents of the three consecutive Delphi questionnaires.

<p>Grey boxes: contents of questionnaires. White boxes: actions by researchers.</p

Final results of second Delphi question (third round).

<p>Items considered most important by the participants (N = 147).</p><p>* Weight frequency product: weight multiplied by the number of times it is mentioned.</p