UNCONVENTIONAL FOOD PLANTS (UFP):

As Plantas Alimentícias Não Convencionais (PANC) estão distribuídas dentre a vasta diversidade dos biomas brasileiros. São representadas por plantas exóticas, nativas, espontâneas ou cultivadas, onde seu uso geralmente pode ser influenciado pela regionalidade tanto relativo aos aspectos ambientais, culturais e econômicos. Além disso, são convenientes para a ampliação da utilização consciente de recursos naturais, proteção do solo, segurança alimentar e demais aspectos. Foi realizada uma revisão de patentes referente às PANC com o objetivo de elucidar algumas espécies localizadas no Brasil com potencialidades para a indústria farmacêutica e alimentícia. Foi possível encontrar inúmeras PANC com potencialidades de aproveitamento e utilização como inovações. Foram selecionadas as seguintes plantas: Pereskia aculeata Miller., Talinum paniculatum, Momordica charantia L, Physalis pubescens e Araucaria angustifolia. Suas aplicações vão desde o aproveitamento dos compostos bioativos até a utilização no desenvolvimento de materiais nanoestruturados. Portanto, foi observado que as PANC possuem uma ampla capacidade de aproveitamento em processos de biotransformação através da apresentação de 25 inovações patenteadas permeando essas plantas.     Unconventional Food Plants (UFP) are distributed among the vast diversity of Brazilian biomes. They are represented by exotic, native, spontaneous or cultivated plants, where their use can generally be influenced by regionality in terms of environmental, cultural and economic aspects. In addition, they are convenient for expanding the conscious use of natural resources, soil protection, food security and other aspects. A patent review related to PANC was carried out in order to elucidate some species located in Brazil with potential for the pharmaceutical and food industry. It was possible to find numerous PANC with potential for utilization as innovations. The following plants were selected: Pereskia aculeata Miller., Talinum paniculatum, Momordica charantia L, Physalis pubescens and Araucaria angustifolia. Their applications range from harnessing bioactive compounds to the utilization in the development of nanostructured materials. Therefore, it was observed that the PANC have a wide capacity for use in biotransformation processes, through the presentation of 25 patented innovations involving these plants. &nbsp

Tumor necrosis factor α, and agonist and antagonists of cannabinoid receptor type 1 and type 2 alter the immunophenotype of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth

ABSTRACT Objective To verify the involvement of the endocannabinoid system in the immunomodulatory profile of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, in the presence or absence of TNF-α, and agonist and antagonists of CB1 and CB2. Methods Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth were cultured in the presence or absence of an agonist, anandamide, and two antagonists, AM251 and SR144528, of CB1 and CB2 receptors, with or without TNF-α stimulation. For analysis of immunomodulation, surface molecules linked to immunomodulation, namely human leukocyte antigen-DR isotype (HLA-DR), and programmed death ligands 1 (PD-L1) and 2 (PD-L2) were measured using flow cytometry. Results The inhibition of endocannabinoid receptors together with the proinflammatory effect of TNF-α resulted in increased HLA-DR expression in stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, as well as, in these cells acquiring an anti-inflammatory profile by enhancing the expression of PD-L1 and PD-L2. Conclusion Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth respond to the endocannabinoid system and TNF-α by altering key immune response molecules

Avaliação dos efeitos de peptonas vegetais como substituto do soro fetal bovino em cultura de células-tronco da polpa dentária de dentes decíduos humanos

The evolution of cell culture techniques led to the necessity of eliminating components with animal origin, in order to prevent bacterial, viral or prionic contamination. Deciduous teeth dental pulp stem cells are multi potent stem cells which present high plasticity, being able to differentiate into osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic lineages. The present work aims at testing the utilization of vegetal peptones (pea, wheat and soy) at the concentrations 0.5%; 1%, and 5% as possible substitutes for 10% Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) in SCs culture. Cell proliferation was assayed by the MTT method analyzed on spectrophotometer (VarioSkan). We performed osteogenic differentiation and employed Alizarin Red staining in order to test the differentiation support. We measured the concentration of calcium deposition by ressuspending the alizarin red content in alcoholic solution and by analyzing spectrophotometrically. MTT and osteogenic differentiation essays allowed to conclude that wheat peptone at 1% was the most efficient in the conditions employed. The concentration of 5% of all the peptones utilized was toxic. Upon analyzing the aminograms of the three peptones, it was possible to infer that the higher efficiency of wheat peptone may relate to the greater proportion of proline and glutamic acid.A evolução das técnicas de cultura de células levaram à necessidade de eliminar componentes de origem animal, de modo a evitar a contaminação bacteriana, viral ou priônica. As células-tronco da polpa dentária são células-tronco multipotentes que apresentam alta plasticidade, sendo capazes de se diferenciar em linhagens osteogênica, adipogênica e condrogênica. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo testar a utilização de peptonas vegetais (ervilha, trigo e soja) nas concentrações de 0,5%; 1% e 5% como possíveis substitutos para 10% de soro bovino fetal (SFB) em cultura de CTs. A proliferação celular foi avaliada pelo método de MTT analisado em espectrofotómetro (VarioSkan). Realizou-se a diferenciação osteogênica e empregou-se a coloração Vermelho de Alizarina para testar o suporte de diferenciação. Medimos a concentração de deposição de cálcio ressuspendendo o conteúdo de Vermelho de Alizarina em solução alcoólica e analisando espectrofotometricamente. O ensaio de MTT e ensaios de diferenciação osteogênica permitiram concluir que a peptona de trigo a 1% foi a mais eficiente nas condições empregadas. A concentração de 5% de todas as peptonas utilizadas foi tóxica. Ao analisar os aminogramas das três peptonas, foi possível inferir que a maior eficiência da peptona de trigo pode estar relacionada à maior proporção de prolina e ácido glutâmico.CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superio

Métodos de descelularização de osso trabecular bovino e fabricação de hidrogel

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Karyotype, genome size, and in vitro chromosome doubling of Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen

Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen, known worldwide as Brazilian ginseng, has an important commercial value due to its pharmaceutical properties. In addition to the newly described karyological traits and the first estimation of DNA content, this study reports a protocol for the successful induction of tetraploidy. Natural diploid individuals (2n = 34) showed a symmetric karyotype, centromeric DAPI+ bands, one chromosome pair with a CMA+ band and 45S rDNA site and another with one 5S rDNA site. To induce chromosome duplication, small nodal buds were cultured in semi-solid MS-based medium with 2.22 μM BA, 2.69 μM NAA, and colchicine or oryzalin at 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 μM for 1 or 2 weeks before being transferred to MS basal medium. The results showed that colchicine induced tetraploid plants, mainly after 1 week of exposure, whereas oryzalin treatment induced only mixoploid plants. The tetraploid plants exhibited twice the chromosome number and DNA content and twice the number of chromosome markers observed for the diploids. Chromosome duplication reduced the dry mass of the stems and roots of the polyploid plants compared to the diploids, and the stomatal density was also reduced on the abaxial and adaxial leaf surfaces of the polyploids. Additionally, the production of β-ecdysone was 50 % higher in the tetraploids than in the diploids. Thus, chromosome doubling showed that is possible to increase the content of β-ecdysone, highlighting the considerable potential of this technique to produce new cultivars with high commercial value